Stellar Clusters are groups of stars, smaller than and contained in galaxies

1. Stellar Clustersare groups of stars, smaller than and contained in galaxies The open star cluster (NGC 2244) was discovered in 1690 by English astronomer John Flamsteed. NGC 6791 is one of the oldest and largest star clusters known.

2. What Are Stellar Clusters? Stellar clusters are groups of stars. There are two main types: Globular – tight clusters of hundreds of thousands of very old stars…round in shape Open – loose clusters up to hundreds of newer stars Star clusters visible to the naked eye include Pleiades, Hyades, the Beehive Cluster, and Omega Centuri. Pleiades, also known as the Seven Sisters

3. Globular Clusters • Globular clusters are generally spherical clusters with 10,000 to several million stars packed into regions of 10 to 30 light years across. • Yellow and red stars dominate globular clusters as they are old and most “Blue” stars (O, A, & B) have gone supernova • Globular clusters orbit the galactic center elliptically. Globular cluster Omega Centauri

4. Intermediate Forms • Intermediate forms of stellar clusters are like globular clusters, but are not defined as them. • These clusters tend to be larger – hundreds of light-years across – and thus less dense. • There are none in the Milky Way. But, three were discovered in the Andromeda Galaxy. The Andromeda Galaxy

5. Open Clusters • They have an irregular shape • Have fewer stars often less than a hundred members • The stars are young and formed together in a nebula Over time, are disrupted by the gravity of other stars and nebulae and spread out becoming an… The Hyades – an open cluster

6. Stellar Association • Stellar association is the result of the gravitational unbinding of an open cluster • The stars will continue to be close to each other but move gradually apart • Most of the stars in the Big Dipper an association. Big Dipper

7. Why Stellar Clusters are Important • Because the stars were all born at roughly the same time, stellar evolution theories rely on observations of open and globular clusters. • Clusters also help determine the distance scale of the universe. A few of the nearest clusters are close enough for their distances to be measured using parallax. The Christmas Tree Cluster will eventually break apart.