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Rick M. Arthur, DVM Equine Medical Director California Horse Racing Board and

Rick M. Arthur, DVM Equine Medical Director California Horse Racing Board and School of Veterinary Medicine University of California, Davis. Acid-Base Physiology. The body regulates the pH (acidity) of the blood by manipulating bicarbonate H + + HCO 3 - ↔ H 2 CO3 ↔ CO 2 + H 2 O.

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Rick M. Arthur, DVM Equine Medical Director California Horse Racing Board and

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  1. Rick M. Arthur, DVM Equine Medical Director California Horse Racing Board and School of Veterinary Medicine University of California, Davis

  2. Acid-Base Physiology The body regulates the pH (acidity) of the blood by manipulating bicarbonate H+ + HCO3-↔ H2CO3 ↔ CO2 + H2O H+ (acid from muscle exertion) Alkalizing agent

  3. Neutralize Acid to Enhance Performance  Summary. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate enhance performance when consumed before high-intensity events. A gain of 1-2% is possible in events lasting a few minutes… The substances work by helping to neutralize the acid produced by active muscles. Neutralize Acid to Enhance Performance : R Mc Naughton, B. Dalton, J. Tarr, D. Buck http://www.sportsci.org/traintech/buffer/lrm.htm

  4. Neutralize Acid to Enhance Performance Summary. Sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate enhance performance when consumed before high-intensity events. A gain of 1-2% is possible in events lasting a few minutes… The substances work by helping to neutralize the acid produced by active muscles. Reference: R Mc Naughton, B. Dalton, J. Tarr, D. Buck : Neutralize Acid to Enhance Performance http://www.sportsci.org/traintech/buffer/lrm.htm

  5. Neutralize Acid to Enhance Performance  A Gain of 1-2%: 6 Furlongs about 3-7 Lengths 1 Mile about 4-9 Lengths 11/4 Mile about 6-12 Lengths

  6. TCO2 vs. Top 3 Finishers * * * 0.0001 0.0005 0.0065 0.0564 >33mml/l >34mml/l >35mml/l >36mml/l Cohen, Stanley, Arthur & Wang, Equine Veterinary Journal(2006) 38:543-548 Funded byOak Tree Racing Association

  7. Normal TCO2: 37.0 mmls ~1.5mmls

  8. RECOMMENDED “BEST PRACTICES” FOR TCO2 TESTING AND SAMPLE COLLECTION 37mm/l + Measurement Uncertainty

  9. TCO2 Testing Program * Prior to announced TCO2 Testing Program

  10. TCO2 Greater than 36mmls/lat Hollywood Park Spring 2006 • 40 Samples Exceeded 36mmls/l from 37 Horses • Only 1 sample exceeded the 37mmls/l limit • 21/40 Samples came from just 1 trainer • 28/40 Samples came from just 2 trainers

  11. TCO2 Greater than 36mmls/lat Hollywood Park Spring ’07&’08 NONE Over the last 18 months the rate of samples > 36mml/l in SoCal is < 0.020%

  12. Furosemide: • Is significantly associated with finishing in the top 3 (P= 0.001) separate from the TCO2 effect • Reduction of EIPH? • Weight Loss? • Increase in TCO2? • Some other unidentified factor

  13. Anabolic Steroids

  14. No Steroids Oak Tree Racing Association, October 25, 2008

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