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Bloodborne Pathogens Training: Prevention and Safety Measures

Understand the risks of bloodborne pathogens and learn essential safety protocols to prevent transmission. Explore OSHA standards and universal precautions against diseases like HIV and HBV. Discover prevention methods and proper handling of infectious materials to safeguard workplaces.

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Bloodborne Pathogens Training: Prevention and Safety Measures

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  1. Appendix 2 Bloodborne Pathogens

  2. Bloodborne Pathogens • Disease-causing microorganisms that may be present in human blood. • May be transmitted during exposure to blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIMs)

  3. OSHA • Occupational Safety and Health Administration • Provide standards to protect employees from occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens

  4. Who Needs OSHA Training? • Any employee who has potential for occupational exposure to blood or OPIMs

  5. Who Needs OSHA Training? • Physicians • Physicians assistants • Nurses • Housekeepers in health care facilities • Blood bank personnel • EMT • Dentists • Dental hygienists • Fire Fighters • Law Enforcement

  6. Mode of Transmission • Transmitted when blood or OPIMs come in contact with mucous membranes or nonintact skin • Abrasions, burns, rashes, acne, paper cuts, hang nails

  7. Hepatitis B Virus • HBV can affect anyone • Each year in the U.S. 140,000-320,000 people will become infected • Steady decline • HBV vaccine • Prevention methods

  8. HBV Vaccine • Does NOT contain any live components • Given in 3 shots • All people who have routine occupational exposure to blood or OPIM have the right to receive it at no personal expense

  9. Human Immunodeficiency Virus • HIV is the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) • 2 types have been identified (HIV-1 & HIV-2) • Causes suppression of the immune system • Can lead to opportunistic infections and unusual types of cancer

  10. HIV-1 & HIV-2 • HIV-2 AIDS develops more slowly and may be milder • Predominately found in Africa • HIV-1 • Over 1,000,000 people infected in the United States

  11. HIV • NO VACCINATION • Testing is the only way to determine infection • HIV to AIDS may take 8-10 years • Cannot rely on symptoms • Many people who are infected experience no symptoms • AIDS symptoms are similar to other infections • Night sweats, weight loss, fever, fatigue, gland pain or swelling, and muscle or joint pain

  12. HIV • There is no cure • All testing should be done as soon as possible • Thereafter, periodically for at least 6 months • Usually become detectable within 3 months • 99.7% of exposures do not leas to infection

  13. Universal Precautions • An aggressive, standardized approach to infection control • Treat all human blood and body fluids as if they are known to contain bloodborne pathogens

  14. Materials That Require Universal Precautions • Blood • Semen • Vaginal secretions • Cerebrospinal fluid • Synovial fluid • Pleural fluid • Saliva

  15. Materials That Do Not Require Universal Precautions • Feces • Nasal secretions • Sputum • Sweat • Tears • Urine • Vomitus

  16. Prevention • Hand washing • One of the most effective methods • Cleaning work surfaces • Tables and chairs • Protective coverings • floors • Sharps container • Needles, scalpels, etc. • Marked

  17. Personal Protective Equipment • Gloves • Masks • Aprons or smocks • Proper removal techniques

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