Exploring Celestial Coordinate Systems and Time Measurement in Astronomy

Jan 10, 2025

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Dive into the intricate world of celestial coordinate systems, from the celestial sphere to sidereal time, solar time, and the ecliptic coordinate system. Understand how these systems help navigate the heavens and track celestial objects. Discover the significance of the galactic coordinate system, Lambert cosine law, and how they tie into understanding seasons. Explore the beauty and precision of astronomical measurements and calculations.

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Exploring Celestial Coordinate Systems and Time Measurement in Astronomy

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Presentation Transcript

celestial sphere
Celestial coordinate system
Sidereal time and solar time
Horizontal coordinate system
Ecliptic coordinate system
Galactic coordinate system
Lambert cosine law
seasons

Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere. Imagine the sky as a hollow sphere The stars are attached to this hollow sphere, they rise in the east and set in the west The Sun, Moon and the planets wander on this sphere Celestial Sphere Very convenient But why spherical?? Pythagoras-> Shadow of the Earth.

398 views • 17 slides

Motions of the Celestial Sphere

Motions of the Celestial Sphere. Constellations. Sky looks like a dome with the star painted on the inside. 88 constellations such as Ursa Major, Orion, etc. Asterisms are not constellations for example the Big Dipper, the Teapot, etc. Descriptions of Celestial Sphere.

301 views • 11 slides

Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere. YOUR SUBTITLE GOES HERE. Your Topic Goes Here. Your Subtopics Go Here. Your Topic Goes Here. Your Subtopics Go Here. Transitional Page. elements. www.animationfactory.com.

348 views • 5 slides

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. Lab 2. Celestial sphere. Geocentric model. zenith - the point on the celestial sphere that is directly over our heads always 90 ˚ from the horizon celestial meridian - the arc that goes through the North point on the horizon, Zenith, and South point on the horizon .

728 views • 26 slides

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. Six Ingredients to Locating Objects on the "Celestial Sphere" . Right Ascension (RA) ~ longitude Declination (DEC) ~ latitude Zero point of RA = Vernal Equinox Zero point of DEC = Celestial Equator Rotation angle of sphere given by Sidereal Time (ST)

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The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. Celestial Equator Ecliptic Two intersecting planes -- the 4 cardinal pts – equinoxes and solstices . The sky from 3 different position on Earth. Origin of the seasons -- tilt of the Earth’s axis . Precession . Phases of the Moon . Eclipses of the Sun and Moon .

296 views • 9 slides

Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere. Greek geocentric model ( c . 400 B.C.). What was once so mysterious about the movement of planets in our sky?. Planets usually move slightly eastward from night to night relative to the stars.

492 views • 26 slides

Ancient astronomy & celestial sphere

Ancient astronomy & celestial sphere. ASTR 1010 Lecture 3 . In this lecture, you will learn. 2-1 The importance of astronomy in ancient civilizations around the world 2-2 That regions of the sky are divided around groups of stars called constellations

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Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere. ORION. Orion.

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Celestial Sphere Notes

Celestial Sphere Notes. Altazimuth Coordinate . Altitude Degrees above the horizon 0 ° to 90 ° Azimuth Degrees right of North 0 ° to 360 °. Altazimuth Coordinate. Horizon Zenith Meridian. Coordinate System. Celestial Sphere. Extension of our globe North/South Pole Equator.

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Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere. Local View. On earth objects are usually viewed in flat Euclidean geometry. From the earth the stars appear to be fixed on a sphere that rotates. Great distance to objects Earth’s rotation. Any plane through the center of a sphere intersects the sphere in a great circle .

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2. The Celestial Sphere Goals :

2. The Celestial Sphere Goals : 1. Gain familiarity with the basic co-ordinate systems used in astronomy. 2. Tackle simple problems in practical astronomy involving timekeeping and star positions. 3. Examine the timekeeping systems in current use. Astronomical Co-ordinate Systems:

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Positions on the Celestial Sphere

Positions on the Celestial Sphere. How to locate (and track) objects from a spinning, orbiting platform in space…. Homework 1 due Tuesday Jan 15. Pointing and Tracking Astrophysical Objects. Frisco Peak Telescope – Pointing and Tracking Precision less than 10 arcsec

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The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. (The sphere should really be rotating, not Earth). An Ancient Greek Idea. Imagine the universe to be a hollow sphere with the Earth at the center The Celestial Sphere Idea based upon how things _________ to be The pattern of stars in the sky ________________

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The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. The Caracol at Chichen Itza. Built around 1000AD. The Mayans developed a very accurate calendar. They also placed special significance on Venus. Human Sacrifices were routinely performed to worship Venus. Name that constellation. Orion the Hunter. North Pole.

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The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. Celestial Equator Ecliptic Two intersecting planes -- the 4 cardinal pts – equinoxes and solstices. The sky from 3 different position on Earth. Origin of the seasons -- tilt of the Earth’s axis. Precession. Phases of the Moon. Eclipses of the Sun and Moon.

303 views • 9 slides

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. From our perspective on Earth the stars appear embedded on a distant 2-dimensional surface – the Celestial Sphere. The Celestial Sphere. Although we know better, it is helpful to use this construct to think about how we see the night sky from Earth.

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Motions in the sky: The celestial sphere

Motions in the sky: The celestial sphere. What is the celestial sphere?. An imaginary sphere surrounding Earth that contains all the objects we see when we look at the sky.

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The Celestial Sphere

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The Sun and the Celestial Sphere

The Sun and the Celestial Sphere. As the Earth orbits the Sun we seen the Sun in different locations against the backdrop of stars. The Earth reaches the same location in its orbit on the same calendar date each year. The Sun and the Celestial Sphere.

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The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere. Stars at different distances all appear to lie on the celestial sphere. The 88 official constellations cover the celestial sphere. Why do stars rise and set?. Earth rotates from west to east, so stars appear to circle from east to west. Our view from Earth:.

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Exploring Celestial Coordinate Systems and Time Measurement in Astronomy

Exploring Celestial Coordinate Systems and Time Measurement in Astronomy

Presentation Transcript

Celestial Sphere

Motions of the Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere

Ancient astronomy &amp; celestial sphere

Celestial Sphere

Celestial Sphere Notes

Celestial Sphere

2. The Celestial Sphere Goals :

Positions on the Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

Motions in the sky: The celestial sphere

The Celestial Sphere

The Sun and the Celestial Sphere

The Celestial Sphere

Ancient astronomy & celestial sphere