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Chapter 10

Chapter 10. Tobacco. History. Early Medical Use Europe New World The spread of tobacco use Tobacco production Nicotiana tobacum Nicotiana rustica Tobacum . Types of Use. Snuff Chewing tobacco Cigars Cigarettes. Figure 10.1 Trends in cigarette sales since 1945. Who is Smoking?.

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Chapter 10

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  1. Chapter 10 Tobacco

  2. History • Early Medical Use • Europe • New World • The spread of tobacco use • Tobacco production • Nicotiana tobacum • Nicotiana rustica • Tobacum

  3. Types of Use • Snuff • Chewing tobacco • Cigars • Cigarettes

  4. Figure 10.1 Trends in cigarette sales since 1945

  5. Who is Smoking? • Males are more likely than females • Current smokers are more likely to be heavy drinkers and illicit drug users • Highest rate among 18- to 25-year olds • College graduates are the least likely to smoke

  6. Tobacco Facts • Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease and premature death in the U.S. • Males are more likely than females to report the use of any tobacco product.

  7. Nicotine • It is a colorless, highly volatile liquid alkaloid • When smoked, nicotine enters the lungs and is then absorbed into the bloodstream • When chewed or dipped, nicotine is absorbed through the mucus lining of the mouth

  8. Nicotine • Amount of tobacco absorbed depends on: • Exact composition of tobacco • How densely the tobacco is packed • Whether a filter is used and characteristics of filter • The volume of smoke inhaled • The number of cigarettes smoked

  9. Figure 10.2 Mortality ratios (total death, mean age 55 to 64) as a function of the age at which smoking started and the number of cigarettes smoked per day.

  10. Chronic Illnesses • Men and women who smoke have more chronic illnesses, including: • Emphysema & bronchitis • Cardiovascular disease • Cancer • Bronchopulmonary disease • Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

  11. Effects without Smoking • Mainstream smoke - smoke drawn through the mouthpiece of the cigarette • Sidestream smoke - smoke released into the air directly from the lighted tip of a cigarette • Passive smoking - nonsmokers’ inhalation of tobacco smoke • Environmental tobacco smoke - sidestream smoke and exhaled mainstream smoke that is inhaled by the passive smoker

  12. Trying to Quit • “Cold turkey” • Behavioral modification • Smoking cessation aids • Nicotine gum • Nicotine patches • Nicotine nasal spray • Nicotine inhalers • Buproprion

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