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1. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system Hover over a hexagon for more information Tendon strength Lactic acid tolerance Hypertrophy Effects Muscle strength Myoglobin stores Glycogen and fat stores

2. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system Tendon strength • Tendons, like muscles, adapt to the mechanical loading of regular exercise and become stronger. Tendon strength Lactic acid tolerance Hypertrophy Effects Muscle strength Myoglobin stores Glycogen and fat stores

3. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system Hypertrophy • The muscle size and strength increases due to an increase in the volume of the contractile proteins within the muscle cells. This allows for a more forceful contraction. Tendon strength Lactic acid tolerance Hypertrophy Effects Muscle strength Myoglobin stores Glycogen and fat stores

4. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system Myoglobin stores • The amount of myoglobin within skeletal muscle increases, which allows more oxygen to be stored within the muscle, and transported to the mitochondria (the cells power house). The numbers of mitochondria also increase through exercise resulting in an increased rate of energy production. Tendon strength Lactic acid tolerance Hypertrophy Effects Muscle strength Myoglobin stores Glycogen and fat stores

5. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system Glycogen and fat stores • Exercise can increase the muscles ability to store glycogen and fat and therefore the amount of potential energy available. Tendon strength Lactic acid tolerance Hypertrophy Effects Muscle strength Myoglobin stores Glycogen and fat stores

6. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system Muscle strength • Muscle strength increases due to an increase in the volume of the contractile proteins within the muscle cells. This allows for a more forceful contraction . Tendon strength Lactic acid tolerance Hypertrophy Effects Muscle strength Myoglobin stores Glycogen and fat stores

7. The long-term effects of exercise on the muscular system Lactic acid tolerance • Anaerobic training increases the muscles tolerance to lactic acid. Aerobic training extends the capillary network, improving the oxygen supply to the muscles. This results in the muscles being able to work for a longer duration and at a higher intensity without fatiguing. Tendon strength Lactic acid tolerance Hypertrophy Effects Myoglobin stores Muscle strength Glycogen and fat stores