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Special Senses: Balance

By Morgan Downing Alec Hardesty Hope Andrews. Special Senses: Balance. Mechanisms of Equilibrium . The equilibrium receptors of the inner ear are called the Vestibular Apparatus . It is divided into two parts Static Equilibrium Dynamic Equilibrium. Static Equilibrium.

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Special Senses: Balance

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  1. By Morgan Downing Alec Hardesty Hope Andrews Special Senses: Balance

  2. Mechanisms of Equilibrium • The equilibrium receptors of the inner ear are called the Vestibular Apparatus. Itis divided into two parts • Static Equilibrium • Dynamic Equilibrium

  3. Static Equilibrium • Maculae help us know which way is up our down. Each maculae is a patch of receptor cells with their “hairs” embedded in the otolithic membrane. • Theotolithic membrane is a gel material containing otolithsor tiny stones made of calcium salts; rolls in response to changes in gravity. • The movement of the otoliths send impulses through the vestibular nerve to the cerebellum

  4. Static Equilibrium Otoliths Maculae Receptor Cell Nerve Fiber Olithic Membrane

  5. Dynamic Equilibrium • The Dynamic Equilibrium responds to angled or rotator movements of the head • CristaApullaris are tufts of hair cells covered with a gel cap called the Cupula • The impulses of theses cells travel up to the vestibular nerve to the cerebellum

  6. Dynamic Equilibrium Cristaampullaris Cupula Hair Cell

  7. Other Components of Balance • Although the receptors in the ear control equilibrium, sight and the receptors of muscles and tendons are also important in proving information used for balance to the cerebellum

  8. Disorders Positional Vertigo Mal de debarquement syndrome Feeling of continuously rocking or bobbing after traveling on a boat for long periods of time. This usually goes away a few days after being on land, but severe cases can last years. Dynamic balance disorder in which the cupula doesn’t tilt properly and causes intense feelings of spinning from slight head movements.

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