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Energy (TKK-2129)

13/14 Spring Semester . Energy (TKK-2129). Instructor: Rama Oktavian Email: rama.oktavian86@gmail.com Office Hr.: M.13-15, Tu. 13-15, W. 13-15, Th. 13-15, F. 09-11. Outlines. 1. Coal: Introduction. 2. Coal power plant. 3. Coal to chemical (CTC). 4. Recent status of coal technology.

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Energy (TKK-2129)

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  1. 13/14 Spring Semester Energy(TKK-2129) Instructor: Rama Oktavian Email: rama.oktavian86@gmail.com • Office Hr.: M.13-15, Tu. 13-15, W. 13-15, Th. 13-15, F. 09-11

  2. Outlines 1. Coal: Introduction 2. Coal power plant 3. Coal to chemical (CTC) 4. Recent status of coal technology

  3. Coal (Intro) Coal is conventional fossil fuel Formation of Coal  Coal deposits are formed from plant material that died and was deposited in a swampy environment - low in O2  Anaerobic bacteria convert the organic material until environment becomes too acidic and the bacterial die - decomposition stops when the plants have been converted to peat  Peat becomes buried at bottom of swamp  Peat is transformed at high pressure and low temperature (< 200 °C) over ~300 million years to coal

  4. Coal (Intro) Coal is conventional fossil fuel Formation of Coal

  5. Coal (Intro) Coal Mining • Surface Mining • Strip Mining • Underground Mining

  6. Coal (Intro) Types of coal

  7. Coal (Intro) Types of coal

  8. Coal (Intro) Types of coal

  9. Coal (Intro) Chemical composition of coal Source: http://f03.classes.colgate.edu/fsem037-coal/Coal/Default/composition_of_coal.htm

  10. Coal source Energy sources in Indonesia Coal

  11. Coal source Energy sources in Indonesia Coal

  12. Coal power plant Process equipment • Feedwater • Feedwater used in a steam boiler to transfer heat energy from the fuel burning area to mech. Energy of spinning steam turbine • Boiler • Rectangular furnace, pulverized coal is blown in from fuel nozzles at 4 corners. The coal then burns quickly and forms a fireball at the center (seriously, a fireball!!!).

  13. Coal power plant Process equipment • Steam Turbine Generator • Is a series of steam turbines interconnected to each other and then a generator • Steam Condenser • Steam enters from the turbine generator and is pumped into the bottom of the condenser, where pumps recycle the condensed steam from the feedwater • Stack • Releases process emissions.

  14. Coal power plant Process diagram

  15. Coal power plant Pros • Cheap • Cheaper per unit energy than oil or natural gas • Will continue to be an important global resource • Abundance • Coal is the world’s most abundant fossil fuel • Sufficient reserves for the next 250 years

  16. Coal power plant Pros • Efficiency • Larger power plants are more efficient • 38% of the chemical energy is converted to energy • Safe • safest fossil fuel to transport, store and use

  17. Coal power plant Cons • Environmental issues • Coal-Fired Power Plants are the largest contributor of hazardous air pollutants. • Sulfur dioxide (SO2) • Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) • Carbon Dioxide (CO2) • Mercury

  18. Thank You !

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