Explore the Significance of Physical Science

1. Physical Science is Important to YOU!! • Central to life? • Affects us constantly!! • Motion: autos, sports • How our bodies function • Use and development of medicines • Technology that we rely on

2. Always try to keep in mindScience is FUN!!

3. Balloons • What happened? • Was there a difference? • Why was there a difference? • An important word in this class and in science--WHY

4. Map of Salisbury University Find where you are on this map.

5. row of windows 1st Floor elevator MAP of Henson Science Hall Can you get the same information from both maps? What is the difference between the two maps? DRAWN TO DIFFERENT SCALES HS 103

6. Difference Between Two Maps • Scale!!! • See what appears to be different things when really looking at same thing

7. Scale • Some common scales in science • Macroscale • Microscale • Nanoscale • Which is bigger, an object that is easily measured on the macroscale or an object that is easily measure on the molecular scale (nanoscale)?

8. Balloons • What happened? • Macroscopic vs nanoscale • Chemical Reaction BeforeAfter

9. Scale • Which scale most important? • Microscopic and macroscopic behavior determined by objects at the nanoscale level

10. A Closer Look at the Nanoscale • Consider a piece of ice from our macroscopic view

11. A Closer Look at the Nanoscale • Consider ice from a nanoscale view This is a tiny piece from the block of ice

12. Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle Divide block of ice in half

13. this is the fundamental particle of water Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle • If divided over and over, eventually reach smallest particle that is a particle of ice • the water molecule to have water (solid, liquid, or gas) must have THIS particle

14. Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle • a molecule has two or more atoms chemically combined (through covalent bonds)

15. Oxygen Molecules Hydrogen Molecules Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle If we have these Although we have some hydrogen atoms and some oxygen atoms present (as we do in water), we DO NOT have water here

16. Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle • The fundamental particle identifies whether substance is an element or compound • Elements • substances that consist of only one type of atom – have only one type of atom in their fundamental particle • hydrogen, oxygen, or mercury for example

17. Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle • Compounds • two or more different types of atoms chemically bound together in the fundamental particle • ice for example • Fundamental particle of ice is a molecule

18. Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle • Substances (samples) in the real world will contain LOTS of fundamental particles • Whether or not these particles are all the same or different determines whether the substance is a pure substance or a mixture • mixtures have more than one type of fundamental particle present • pure substances have only one type of fundamental particle present

19. Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle • It is true that all substances are made of atoms, but the atom is not necessarily the fundamental particle of the substance • Based upon the fundamental particles present in a sample, substances may be classified into the following categories • element, compound, pure substance, mixture

20. Looking at the Nanoscale: the Fundamental Particle In summary • Fundamental Particles may be • Atoms • Molecules • (not talk about now – ions) • Samples/substances may be classified by fundamental particles • Element • Compound • Pure Substance • Mixture • Examples to try (Page 14)

21. Cards