Sexual Variants, Abuse & Dysfunctions: A Comprehensive Overview

1. TOPIC 11 SEXUAL VARIANTS, ABUSE AND DYSFUNCTIONS

2. introduction • Early medical and scientific approaches to sexual behavior were heavily influenced by religious doctrines and prevailing cultural values. • Anything that varied from the purpose of sexual behavior which is biological reproduction was considered a form psychopathology and was usually subject to severe moral and legal sanctions.

3. SOCIOCULTURAL INFLUENCES ON SEXUAL PRACTISE AND STANDARDS • Homosexuality and American Psychiatry • Homosexuality as a sickness • Homosexuality as a Nonpathological Variations

4. Sexual and gender variants • Paraphilias • People with paraphilia have recurrent intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges or behaviors • To meet DSM-IV-TR criteria, the patterns must last at least 6 months

5. Types of paraphilias • Fetishism • Transvesticfateshism • Voyeurism • Exhibitionism • Sexual sadism • Sexual masochism • Pedophilia

6. GENDER IDENTITY • Our sense of ourselves as being either male or female is known as gender identity

7. GENDER IDENTITY DISORDER IN CHILDHOOD • Always reflects the child’s physical anatomy • Must be distinguished from sex roles • Boys with gender identity disorder show a marked preoccupation with traditionally feminine activities which is opposite for girls with gender identity disorder. • Treatment • Psychotherapy

8. Transsexualsm • Also known as gender dysphoria. • Most of them report that they were aware of these feelings very early in childhood. • Treatment • Change the person’s identity to match his or her anatomy or change anatomy to match the person’s gender identity

9. SEXUAL ABUSE • Sexual contact that involves physical or psychological coercion or at least one individual who cannot reasonably consent to the contact. • Childhood Sexual Abuse • Pedophilia • Incest • Rape

10. SEXUAL ABUSE • Treatment and Recidivism of Sex Offenders • Psychotherapies • Biological and Surgical Treatments

11. SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS • Inhibitions of sexual desire and interference with the physiological responses leading to organism

12. CRITERIA FOR DIFFERENT SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS • General criteria for all dysfunctions • The disturbance causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty • The sexual dysfunction is not better accounted for by another Axis I disorder and is not due to direct effects of a substance or general medical conditions • Specifiers include: Lifelong vs Acquired Types and Generalized vs Situational Types

13. CRITERIA FOR DIFFERENT SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS • Specific criteria for different dysfunctions • Sexual desire disorders • Sexual Arousal Disorder • Orgasmics Disorder • Sexual Pain disorder

14. Dysfunctions of sexual desire • Dysfunctions of sexual arousal • Male erectile disorder • Female sexual arousal disorder • Orgasmic Disorder • Premature Ejaculation • Male Orgasmic Disorder (retarded ejaculation) • Female Orgasmic Disorder (never experience orgasm) • Dysfunctions involving sexual pain • Vaginismus • Dyspareunia