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The Emergence of Civilization

The Emergence of Civilization. Prehistory. Exploring Prehistory. Anthropologists - Study skeletal remains to see what early people looked like and how they lived. Donald Johanson -”Lucy” 3 million years ago Mary Leakey- 3.7 million years ago

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The Emergence of Civilization

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  1. The Emergence of Civilization Prehistory

  2. Exploring Prehistory • Anthropologists- Study skeletal remains to see what early people looked like and how they lived. • Donald Johanson-”Lucy” 3 million years ago • Mary Leakey- 3.7 million years ago • Archaeologists- study their artifacts and determine how they lived and what their culture was like.

  3. “Lucy”

  4. Paleolithic Age-Old Stone Age • Glacier climate • Hunter-gatherers • Nomadic • Cave Paintings • Technology: • Tools of stone, bone and wood • Fire • Later…Bow and arrow, fish hooks

  5. Cave PaintingsLascaux in France

  6. Mesolithic Age- Middle Stone Age • New environments developed • Many large animals became extinct- smaller game hunted • Fishing • Beginning of agriculture • Some permanent settlements • Technology: • Tools developed for specific tasks • Stone sickles

  7. Neolithic Age- New Stone Age • First towns and cities appear • Advent of writing- History begins • Produce their own food • Animals domesticated • Agricultural Revolution • Technology: • Made baskets and pottery • Wove cloth • Bronze and then Iron Age • Invention of the wheel and the Sail • Irrigation • Plow and ox teams

  8. Four regions of first civilization • Nile River Valley- Egypt • Tigris and Euphrates Valley- Iraq • Indus River Valley- India • Huang or Yellow River Valley- China

  9. Map of first civilizations

  10. Characteristics of civilization • People are able to produce a surplus of food • People establish cities and town with some form of government • People perform different jobs • Advent of the calendar • A writing system

  11. Hieroglyphics- Early Writing

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