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Globalisation, Inequality and Space: Examining Economic Geography

This lecture explores the concept of globalisation and its various forms, with a focus on economic globalisation and its impact on inequality and spatial relations. It also discusses maquiladoras as an example of economic globalisation. Useful readings and resources are provided for further understanding.

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Globalisation, Inequality and Space: Examining Economic Geography

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  1. GE21001 Dynamic Human WorldsEconomic Geography, Lecture 3Globalisation, Inequality and Space (Part 1) Dr. Susan P. Mains Geography

  2. Lecture Outline • Recap from Lecture 3 • Defining Globalisation • Forms of Globalisation: • Economic • Maquiladoras • Useful Readings: • *MacKinnon, D. and Cumbers, A. (2007) An Introduction to Economic Geography: globalisation, uneven development and place. London, Pearson Prentice Hall. Chapters 6, 7 and 10.

  3. Producers, Products, Places and Consumers www.followthethings.com ‘invisible’ ecomomies and geographies e.g., iPad factory production https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fHxi2jnYhbE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y9STw1ouM2k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5YfvSP7Kq6E Poverty: economic and spatial inequalities Images of poverty: tends to be associated with particular regions/countries …but, more complex and contradictory E.g., poverty in the UK http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pM5vfQoV2lo

  4. Defining Globalisation • Globalisation as a “discourse” of social and spatial relations • Economic, social and political linkages • “uneven” development • quantitatively and qualitatively different  • global village or global image?  • long history of global links

  5. Defining Globalisation Economic Globalisation: • Multi-national corporations • Transnational practices • International division of labour • Sexual division of labour • Area of finance particularly important

  6. Defining Globalisation Economic Globalisation: • technology industries, “footloose” industries • increased capital flows • humans as mobile capital: • migration, seasonal workers, • sex workers, sweatshops • historically: slave trade-constructions of race

  7. Defining Globalisation Economic Globalisation: Maquiladora factories End of Bracero programme (1964) Border Industrialisation Program (BIP) Foreign-owned factories in Mexico Tax, duty and infrastructure incentives Assembly, textile industries Initially, up to 12 miles south of Mexico-US border Now expanded into interior Currently over 3000 companies Also viewed as part of NAFTA

  8. Maquiladoras Maquiladoras at a glance http://s3.amazonaws.com/corpwatch.org/downloads/maqfacts.pdf

  9. Maquiladoras

  10. Defining Globalisation Economic Globalisation: Maquiladora factories End of Bracero programme (1964) Border Industrialisation Program (BIP) Foreign-owned factories in Mexico Tax, duty and infrastructure incentives Assembly, textile industries Initially, up to 12 miles south of Mexico-US border Now expanded into interior Currently over 3000 companies

  11. Defining Globalisation Economic Globalisation: Maquiladora factories Largely female workforce Repetitive, long hours, low pay unions excluded Limited transfer of skills Gender stereotypes of workers High mortality rates Hazardous workplaces Declining environmental conditions “MAQUILÁPOLIS [City of Factories]“ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yK2KzIGb44I

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