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Offender DNA Databases

Offender DNA Databases. Global Update. Presented by Tim Schellberg. Gordon Thomas Honeywell Governmental Affairs HID Users Meeting Brasilia, Brazil September 5, 2012. CRIMINAL OFFENDER DNA DATABASES. ARE THE ANSWER. SOLVE CRIME. REDUCE CRIME. EXONERATE THE INNOCENT. SAVE MONEY.

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Offender DNA Databases

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  1. Offender DNA Databases Global Update Presented by Tim Schellberg Gordon Thomas Honeywell Governmental Affairs HID Users Meeting Brasilia, Brazil September 5, 2012

  2. CRIMINAL OFFENDER DNA DATABASES ARE THE ANSWER SOLVE CRIME REDUCE CRIME EXONERATE THE INNOCENT SAVE MONEY

  3. THE WORLD ADOPTS DATABASING 44 COUNTRIES, OVER 40 MILLION OFFENDER SAMPLES Australia Austria Barbados Belarus Belgium Canada Chile China Croatia Cyprus Denmark Estonia Finland France Germany Hong Kong Hungary Iceland Israel Japan Jordan Kuwait LatviaLithuania Netherlands New Zealand Macedonia Norway Panama Poland Portugal Qatar Russia Slovenia Slovakia Singapore South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan United Arab Emirates United Kingdom United States These countries have implemented legislation/polices on a national basis to database the DNA of a defined category of criminal offender

  4. Countries with Nationwide Criminal DNA Database Programs – Approx. Sizes Databases over 1 Million China - 12,000,000 (GTH) United States - 10,423,000 (GTH) United Kingdom - 4,859,903 (GTH2010) France - 1,214,511 (GTH2010) Databases over 100K Germany - 746,912 (GTH) Canada - 223,735 (GTH) Australia - 200,000 (GTH est.) Israel - 170,000 (GTH) Austria - 129,901 (GTH) New Zealand - 124,000 (GTH) Netherlands - 121,272 (GTH) Switzerland - 114,364 (GTH2010) Spain - 112,106 (GTH) Finland - 112,036 (GTH) Databases over 50K Sweden - 99,443 (GTH)Japan - 80,000 (GTH) Denmark - 77,500 (GTH) Hungary - 75,809 (2010) Taiwan - 60,000 (GTH) Databases 50K or less Russia - 50,000 (est.) Jordan - 40,000 (GTH) Singapore - 40,000 (est.) Belarus - 35,000 (GTH) Chile - 35,000 (est.) Latvia - 32,402 (GTH) South Korea - 32,295 (GTH) Hong Kong - 30,000 (GTH est.) Croatia - 29,500 (GTH) Estonia - 29,274 (GTH2010) Poland - 28,071 (GTH) Norway - 23,809 ( GTH2010) United Arab Emirates -23,000 (GTH) Kuwait - 20,000 (GTH) Belgium - 18,012 (GTH) Panama - 15,000 (GTH est.) Slovakia - 8,216 (GTH2010) Portugal - 6,000 (GTH est.) Romania - 5,820 (GTH) Iceland - 5,000 (GTH est.) Slovenia - 3,750 (GTH) Cyprus - 3,000 (GTH est.) Macedonia - 2,449 (GTH) Barbados - 2,000 (GTH est.) ***In countries that do not have national database programs, we estimate 1-3 million additional samples exist from suspects and volunteers but not placed into national database.

  5. THE WORLD IS POSITIONING FOR EXPLOSIVE GROWTH OF OFFENDER DATABASE PROGRAMS WHO WILL BE NEXT? • India • Indonesia • Brazil (Leg Passed) • Pakistan • Nigeria • Mexico • Vietnam • Turkey • Thailand • Italy (Leg passed) • South Africa • Ukraine • Colombia • Kenya • Argentina • Peru • Saudi Arabia • Malaysia (Leg Passed) • Algeria • Morocco • Sri Lanka • Czech Republic • Ireland • Uruguay (Leg Pased)

  6. CODIS IS QUICKLY BECOMING THE INTERNATIONAL DNA DATABASE SOFTWARE STANDARD 6 6 6 39 countries use CODIS 29 of 44 nationwide programs use CODIS Country# Labs Denmark (2) Estonia (1) Finland (1) France (2) *Georgia (1) *Greece (1) Hong Kong (2) Hungary (1) Iceland (1) Israel (1) *Italy (2) *Malta (1) *Mexico (1) Country# Labs Australia (2) *Argentina (1) Barbados (1) Belgium (1) *Bosnia (1) *Botswana (1) Brazil (16) Canada (8) *Cayman Islands (1) Chile (1) *Colombia (3) Croatia (1) *Czech Republic (1) Country# Labs Republic of Korea (1) Latvia (1) Lithuania (1) Netherlands (1) Norway (1) Poland (1) Portugal (1) *Romania (1) Singapore (1) Slovakia (1) Spain (7) Sweden (1) Switzerland (1) • Countries with CODIS 7.0 • * Using CODIS without nationwide offender DNA database program

  7. NEW NATIONWIDE IMPLEMENTATIONS LAST 12 MONTHS • Panama • Law requires DNA from violent/sex offenders, gun owners and police force • Testing underway on criminal offenders • Russia • Law requires testing from violent/sex offenders • Testing has begun on prison population • Kuwait • Currently collecting from some offenders. • Collects from individuals who cannot prove Kuwait citizenship • No specific legislation • Lithuania • All arrestees • All sample destruction

  8. IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONWIDE POLICY IN PROGRESS Brazil ◊ Saudi Arabia ◊ Oman ◊ Thailand ◊ Argentina ◊ Italy ◊ Greece ◊ Kenya ◊ Ukraine ◊ Malaysia ◊ Brunei ◊ Costa Rica ◊ Uruguay ◊ Trinidad & Tobago

  9. IMPLEMENTATION OF NATIONWIDE POLICY IN PROGRESS • Saudi Arabia • Most samples not from criminal offenders, but from immigration and religious visitors • Thailand • Prisoner project positioned to begin in late 2012 • Malaysia • Royal Malaysian Police and Department of Chemistry combined to create one of the world’s most comprehensive database policy.

  10. GLOBAL IMPACT LEGAL DECISIONS United States Maryland v. King Declared Unconstitutional by state supreme court. STATUS: Under appeal to US Supreme Court. Chief Justice Roberts has granted a temporary stay. United Kingdom S and Marper v. United Kingdom

  11. CHINA’S FIGHT AGAINST HUMAN TRAFFICKING Since April 2009 – nearly 39,000 human trafficking cases have been solved. • “The national DNA database is key component of success in China: • Samples from parents compared with: • Street children/criminals • DNA Samples • 1,400 children returned to their parents through DNA matches • A database has reduced child trafficking in China.” – Chen Shiqu, Director of the anti-human trafficking office of the Ministry of Public Security.

  12. POTENTIAL LEGISLATIVE POLICY • Require DNA from children: • Homeless • Criminal acts • Prostitution • Child labor • Adoption • Proactive collection strategies • Taskforce • Inspection and sampling from at-risk institutions • Orphanages • Prostitution houses • Factories

  13. POTENTIAL LEGISLATIVE POLICY • Encourage DNA collection from Parents • Aggressive educational campaign • Considers other relatives if no parents • Sampling of parents is becoming protocol once child reported missing

  14. UPDATE FROM SOUTH AMERICA • Chile • Argentina • Unique government structure will require state by state approach. Cordoba and Buenos Aires to take the lead. • Uruguay • Law passed in 2011 • May be taken upon consent from anyone held by law enforcement • May also be taken from crime scenes, from individuals requested by court order, and from officials of the Ministry of Interior, and Ministry of Defense

  15. UPDATE FROM SOUTH AMERICA • Peru • Legislation being developed • Positioning to pass comprehensive database categories in South America • Sent students to Center of Forensic Excellence • Venezuela • DNA testing infrastructure project underway • Paraguay • DNA testing capabilities being developed in partnership with US Government’s ICITAP program • Colombia • Significant testing continues, but still no offender databasing legislation

  16. LEGISLATIVE SUCCESS IN BRAZIL • Six years of legislative rejection turns when the impact of a serial murder case comes to light, and the Federal Police and a Senator gets aggressive

  17. DNA VICTIM SUPPORT THE MARCO TRIGUEIRO CASE 2006: Brazilian Congress rejects legislation to allow DNA to be taken from every convicted offender. Released from prison in 2008 for a violent crime conviction - no DNA taken as legislation failed. Rapes and murders five women in Belo Horizonte during 2009, leaving DNA at all crime scenes Four of the five murders could have been prevented if the Brazilian Congress would have passed legislation

  18. DNA VICTIM SUPPORT IS SPREADING INTERNATIONALLY Adna Feitor Porto DIED, January 16, 2009 Congress needed to act to save these (4) innocent women. Ana Carolina Assuncao DIED, April 16, 2009 Maria Helena Lopes Aguilar DIED, September 16, 2009 Natalia Cristina De Almeida Paiva DIED, October 7, 2009 Edna Cordeiro De Oliveira Freitas DIED, November 11, 2009

  19. LEGISLATIVE CHAMPIONS Families of BH victims Brazil Federal Police Sen. CiroNogueira

  20. BRAZIL MOVES LEGISLATION FORWARD Senator CiroNogueira passes DNA law from Senate President Rousseff signs DNA database law on May 28, 2012

  21. SOUTH AMERICA ON THE MOVE • Avoid the European compatibility problem and the need for the complex Prüm system • Think Global searching during implementation • Go higher loci • Go CODIS • Plan together as a region

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