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Caring For Trees

Caring For Trees. Julianne Schieffer Penn State Department of Ecosystem Science and Management. Reduce Maintenance Costs and Efforts. Choose quality plant material. Plan and design well - plant the right tree in the right place.

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Caring For Trees

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  1. Caring For Trees Julianne Schieffer Penn State Department of Ecosystem Science and Management

  2. Reduce Maintenance Costs and Efforts Choose quality plant material. Plan and design well - plant the right tree in the right place. Provide care to young trees - correct planting, irrigation, and pruning.

  3. Mulching 3 – 3 - 3

  4. Understanding Tree Biology Removing more than 25% live crown causes stress to the tree and a biological response to produce more leaves and water sprouts. Food is made in leaves and stored behind new buds - Photosynthesis

  5. Terminal and Lateral Buds Growth regulating hormones (auxin) produced by apical meristem inhibit lateral growth. Accounts for orderly branch development and spacing

  6. Branch Attachment Branch Collar: an interweaving of branch wood followed by trunk wood (each year) that holds the branch in place; this is the reason that a large heavy branch can sway in the wind without falling off.

  7. Branch Collar Branch Collar

  8. Branch Protection Zone • Branch Collar • Branch bark ridge • Branch protection zone • Dormant bud • Pith protection zone • Pith 2 1 3 4 5 6 Photo credit: Dr. Alex Shigo

  9. Don’t Make Flush Cuts! The trunk is now exposed to decay and future structural problems.

  10. Wound Closure The branch collar forms wound-wood or callus to seal wounds and protect from infection. Painting wounds does not prevent decay! Oil based paints even harm the tree.

  11. Good Tree Form Central Leader Strong/Wide Branch Unions

  12. Good Tree Form Central Leader Strong/Wide Branch Unions

  13. Poor Form - Co-Dominant Stems Illustration: Dr. Alex Shigo Included Bark Photo: V. Cotrone

  14. Co-Dominant Stems- Bradford Pear Photos: V. Cotrone

  15. Topping Reduction Pruning? Pollarding?

  16. When to Prune? • Winter (Dormancy) is Best • Avoid Spring as leaves are emerging –tears bark, removes many leaves before they produce food. • Avoid Fall as leaves are coming off the tree - stimulates tender sprouting; decay spores present. • Prune Deadwood anytime • Spring Flowering – to maximize flowering, prune just after blossoms fall. “Bleeding” doesn’t hurt trees – it is just sap!

  17. Training for Structure & Form

  18. What do you think?

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