Creating a heterozygous male

1. HermaphroditeParent genotype Male Parent genotype X Creating a heterozygous male Female gametes Male gametes Progeny genotype Progeny phenotypes and ratios Which progeny are you continuing with? Why?

2. Linkage 1: Cross with Unlinked unc HermaphroditeParent genotype +/+ ; unc/unc Male Parent genotype X Female gametes Male gametes F1 Progeny genotype and ratios F1 Progeny phenotypes

3. Linkage 2: Selfing of hermaphrodite from unlinked cross hermaphrodite self cross X gametes Progeny genotype Progeny phenotypes and ratios

4. Linkage 1: Crossing with Linked unc HermaphroditeParent genotype Male Parent genotype + unc/+ unc X Female gametes Male gametes Progeny genotype Progeny phenotypes and ratios Which progeny are you continuing with? Why?

5. Linkage 2: Selfing of hermaphrodite from linked cross hermaphrodite self cross X gametes Progeny genotype Progeny phenotypes and ratios

6. Mapping 1: Making the double mutant hermaphrodite self cross X gametes Progeny genotype Progeny phenotypes and ratios What if the genotype of the parent was + unc/+ unc?

7. Mapping 2: Making heterozygotes for mapping HermaphroditeParent genotype Male Parent genotype X Female gametes Male gametes Progeny genotype Progeny phenotypes and ratios Why might you see DpyUnc progeny?

8. Mapping 3: Test Cross HermaphroditeParent genotype Male Parent genotype X Parental Recombinant Female gametes Male gametes Progeny genotype Progeny phenotypes and ratios

9. Symbols to Know for Crosses • a//a – a is the allele and // represents the chromatids – there are two for a diploid organism – sometimes written as / • a b//a b – two different genes on the same chromosome • a//a ; b//b – two different genes on different chromosomes • X – symbolizes mating between two different individuals • X - symbolizes a self cross – when the hermaphrodite worms fertilize their own eggs