Lecture 13 – October 29, 2012 Union Strategy in 1863 & 64: Troop Movements:

1. Lecture 13 – October 29, 2012 Union Strategy in 1863 & 64: Troop Movements: First, What Happened in 1863? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s Army West: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63] Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863] Major Military Initiatives in 1864 - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864 Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts: LA  Mobile, AL [Banks] Chattanooga  Atlanta [Sherman] Army of Potomac  ANV [Grant/Meade] James River  Richmond [Butler] West VA  Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan! Shifting Military Policy Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fighting Hard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley POWs – The Evolution of Prisoner Exchange Policy Prisons – Why Have them? Breakdown of Prisoner Exchange Were Northern Prisons Just as Bad as Southern Ones? Then Talk about Prisons & Desertion

2. 1863

4. Lee -vs- Meade

5. View of Seminary Ridge from Union position on Cemetery Hill

6. View of Cemetery Ridge from Confederate position on Seminary Ridge

10. Lecture 13 – October 29, 2012 Union Strategy in 1863 & 64: Troop Movements: First, What Happened in 1863? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s Army West: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63] Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863] Major Military Initiatives in 1864 - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864 Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts: LA  Mobile, AL [Banks] Chattanooga  Atlanta [Sherman] Army of Potomac  ANV [Grant/Meade] James River  Richmond [Butler] West VA  Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan! Shifting Military Policy Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fighting Hard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley POWs – The Evolution of Prisoner Exchange Policy Prisons – Why Have them? Breakdown of Prisoner Exchange Were Northern Prisons Just as Bad as Southern Ones? Then Talk about Prisons & Desertion

11. Grant’s 1863 Strategy for Vicksburg

13. Siege of Vicksburg – Living in Caves

19. Lecture 13 – October 29, 2012 Union Strategy in 1863 & 64: Troop Movements: First, What Happened in 1863? East: Protecting DC/ Pursuing Lee’s Army West: Dividing, then Subdividing the Confederacy Vicksburg Campaign [after many attempts and a siege, Union victory 7/4/63] Chattanooga – Chickamauga campaign – [August – September 1863] Major Military Initiatives in 1864 - Union’s plans for the winter & spring of 1864 Grant: Assaults on all Fronts! Simultaneous Advance on 5 Fronts: LA  Mobile, AL [Banks] Chattanooga  Atlanta [Sherman] Army of Potomac  ANV [Grant/Meade] James River  Richmond [Butler] West VA  Shenandoah Valley [Sigel] – later Sheridan! Shifting Military Policy Using African Americans --Confederates Respond to EP, Lincoln Counters Davis’s order United States Colored Troops – how & where they served / challenges to fighting Hard Hand of War – Sherman from Atlanta to the Sea Sheridan in the Shenandoah Valley POWs – The Evolution of Prisoner Exchange Policy Prisons – Why Have them? Breakdown of Prisoner Exchange Were Northern Prisons Just as Bad as Southern Ones? Then Talk about Prisons & Desertion

24. Thomas Wentworth Higginson Robert Gould Shaw

26. Libby Prison, Richmond, VA

27. Burying the Dead At Andersonville Prison

29. Captain Henry [Hartmann Heinrich] Wirz, Superintendent Andersonville Prison

30. 1864 Sketch of a Union Prison Camp

31. Baseball at Salisbury, NC Prison Camp

33. Union Prisoner Released from Andersonville, Spring 1865

34. Philip Sheridan – Union Cavalry Commdr. chased Confederates back up the Valley (south) and laid waste to valley resources.

35. Georgia Campaign Grant & Lee in central Virginia