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Urbanism in slum upgrading. February 2010. Brazil. Land area 8.547.403 km 2 26 States plus the Federal District Population:187 million Around 80% of the population lives in cities. MR of Campinas. MR of São Paulo. MR of the Baixada Santista. State of São Paulo. Area 248,6 km 2
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Urbanism in slum upgrading February 2010
Brazil Land area 8.547.403 km2 26 States plus the Federal District Population:187 million Around 80% of the population lives in cities MR of Campinas MR of São Paulo MR of the Baixada Santista State of São Paulo Area 248,6 km2 645 municipalities Population: 41.05 million MRSP Area 7.9 km2 Municipalities 39 19.6 million inhabitants (47.9% of state total 50.33% do State GDP and 15.57 of national GDP HDI 0,828 (7th position among Brazilian MRs)
CITY OF SÃO PAULO Population = 10.5 million inhabitants Area = 1.509 km² Districts = 31 Distances: North-South = 60 Km East-West = 39 Km
HOUSING POLICY Federal Constitution • recognizes the dwelling as an “individual asylum” and as a “vital necessity of workers” • Articles 182 and 183 and their regulation - Law 10.257/01, the City Statute United Nations Millennium Development Goals • Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation • By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers Master Plan of the City of São Paulo • “Suitable residence is that which guarantees security of possession to the dweller and offers adequate sanitary installations and, also ensures habitable conditions, being served by essential public services.”
LOW-INCOME INTERVENTION AREAS • SLUMS: • Precarious housing settlements with self-built houses made on invaded public and private land. Slums are associated with the problem of land possession and rights of ownership, high indexes of precariousness or absence of urban infrastructure and public services, as well as population with low income levels. • IRREGULAR SUBDIVISIONS: • Real estate properties that cannot be regularized because they don't respect the zoning law legislation. Although the occupier is the buyer, he has no guarantee of possession of the land. In addition to this irregularity, we must consider the self-built nature of the residences and the low income levels of the families. • TENEMENT HOUSES: • Collective multifamily residence, made up of one or more buildings in one urban lot, divided into various rented rooms, often sublet. Various functions in the same room; common use of yards and sanitary installations; precarious circulation and infrastructure and, in general, overpopulation. (Law nº 10.928/91)
HABISP INFORMATION SYSTEM http:\\www.habisp.inf.br
LIST OF SLUMS IN THE CITY OF SÃO PAULO http:\\www.habisp.inf.br
DETAILS ON EACH SETTLEMENT http:\\www.habisp.inf.br
SYSTEM OF PRIORITIZING INTERVENTIONS http:\\www.habisp.inf.br PHASE Prioritizing Characterization Classification Eligibility OBJECTIVE Prioritize performance in favelas meeting the eligibility criteria Select areas for intervention, determining a cut-off line for performance in this phase Classify these areas in groups to guide the type of intervention required Characterize the favela areas in the São Paulo municipality
regularized new neighborhood Morro - new neighborhood- tenure regularization handing over of grant deeds to families Morro - regularized new neighborhood 3 infrastructure index = 1 • urbanization work carried out at Favela do Morro • water supply network • sewage collection network • road system and paving • public lighting • garbage collection new neighborhood Morro - new neighborhood 2 Infrastructure index = 1 upgradeable favela Morro Favela Infrastructure index <1 non-upgradeable favela 1 CLASSIFICATION
area covered by the city's public services monitoring of deeds granted regularized new neighborhood municipal public areas new neighborhood upgradeable favelas programs new neighborhood not located in spring water protection areas tenure regularization program upgradeable favelas located in spring water protection area spring water programs upgradeable favela slum upgrading program municipal public areas upgradeable favelas non-upgradeable favela full slum removal program municipal public areas non-upgradeable favelas ELIGIBILITY
SLUM UPGRADING PROGRAM Guidelines • Minimum number of removals • Priority to the elimination of risk areas • Construction of Housing Units • Construction of sewage networks • Improving precarious access • Enhancing the quality and quantity of leisure facilities • Partnerships with other Municipal Secretariats, State Government and plot-owners
URBANIZAÇÃO DE FAVELA • OBJETIVOS: • IMPLANTAÇÃO DE INFRAESTRUTURA • UNIVERSALIZAÇÃO DOS SERVIÇOS PÚBLICOS • ELIMINAÇÃO DAS ÁREAS DE RISCO • CONSTRUÇÃO DE NOVAS UNIDADES HABITACIONAIS PARA REASSENTAMENTO • CRIAÇÃO DE ÁREAS DE LAZER • RECURSOS • EDUCAÇÃO • DELIMITAÇÃO DA ÁREA DE INTERVENÇÃO • SEQUÊNCIA DOS SERVIÇOS
Preparation of announcement Submission of proposals Qualifying stage Technical proposal Financial proposal Final result SLUM UPGRADING PROGRAM 1 3 4 Selection of areas Urban Designs Social Work Identification of priority areas (prioritization system) The urban designs are developed by companies contracted according to the general guidelines and rules established by SEHAB Social work begins at the design stage of the project and continues throughout the entire intervention and post-urbanization phase Territorial and legal filters Available resources 2 Works Post -occupation and post- urbanization Bids Works are put out to tender after project design agreed Land tenure regularization and registration after completion of works
SLUM UPGRADING PROGRAM Steps in the preparation of urban designs Urban Designs Social Work Identification of community leaders Data survey Research and diagnostic studies Diagnostic studies Public meetings to present diagnostic studies to the residents Registration of families occupying the properties Urban Plans of ZEIS Public meetings for selecting alternatives Basic Design elaboration Answering questions submitted by members of the community Land tenure regularization
SLUM UPGRADING PROGRAM Execution of intervention works Designs and works Social Work Preparation of executive designs Initial actions Detailed execution of works Follow-up actions for families on the “work-fronts” Training in management and maintenance of improvements Works Social inclusion actions Actions to facilitate land and property regularization
HOUSEHOLD REGISTRATION SURVEY Nº of families : 16,284 Residential use : 85.1% Demographic density: 590.43 inhab/ha
GROTINHO Before the intervention: Grotinho risk area
GROTINHO Before the intervention: Grotinho risk area Flooding of the area due to storms and the irregular occupation of land by constructions located in the flood-prone area (precarious access) (December 2005)
GROTINHO Before the intervention: Grotinho risk area
