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Chapter 10. Cultural Diversity. 10:1 Culture, Ethnicity, and Race. Health care workers are involved with many different people Respect individuality Be aware of factors that cause each person to be unique Influence is cultural/ethnic heritage. Culture.
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Chapter 10 Cultural Diversity
10:1 Culture, Ethnicity, and Race • Health care workers are involved with many different people • Respect individuality • Be aware of factors that cause each person to be unique • Influence is cultural/ethnic heritage
Culture • Values, beliefs, attitudes, language, symbols, rituals, behaviors, and customs unique to a particular group of people • Passed from one generation to next • Often defined set of rules • Foundation of behavior, but variances (continues)
Culture (continued) • Culture is learned • Culture is shared • Social in nature • Dynamic and constantly changing
Ethnicity • Classification of people based on national origin and/or culture • Share common heritage, geographic location, national origin, social customs, language, and beliefs • Common ethnic groups • Subgroups within larger ethnic groups
Race • Based on physical or biological factors • Color of skin, hair, and eyes • Facial features • Blood types • Bone structure • Race cuts across multiple ethnic and cultural groups
Cultural Diversity • Differences among people resulting from cultural, ethnic, and racial factors • These differences influence a person’s behavior • Differences exist within ethnic/cultural groups • United States called a “melting pot,” or is it more accurately a “salad bowl?”
Acculturation • Process of learning the beliefs and behaviors of a dominant culture and assuming some of the characteristics • Every individual has unique blend of characteristics • Need to develop sensitivity to differences
10:2 Bias, Prejudice, and Stereotyping • Bias: preference or inclination that inhibits impartial judgment • Prejudice: strong feelings or beliefs about a person or subject; pre-judging others without reviewing facts or information; often based on fear • Stereotyping: making the assumption that everyone in a group is the same (continues)
Bias, Prejudice, and Stereotyping(continued) • Creates barriers to relationships • Health care workers need to avoid feelings and assumptions • Ways to avoid bias, prejudice, and stereotyping
10:3 Understanding Cultural Diversity • Cultural and ethnic beliefs will affect behavior • Health care worker needs to be aware of these beliefs to meet the physical, social, emotional, and mental needs of individuals (continues)
Understanding Cultural Diversity(continued) • Family organization • Nuclear • Extended • Patriarchal versus matriarchal • Recognition and acceptance of family organization is essential in all aspects of the health care field (continues)
Understanding Cultural Diversity(continued) • Language • Personal space and touch • Eye contact • Gestures • Health care beliefs (See Table 10-1 in text) • Spirituality and religion (See Table 10-2 in text)
10:4 Respect Cultural Diversity • Regard each individual as unique • Everyone adopts beliefs and forms a pattern of behavior based on culture, ethnicity, race, life experiences, spirituality, and religion • Health care workers must learn to respect differences in individuals