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Architecture Conservation ( EAGD 5120 ) Lecture 7

University of Palestine Faculty of Applied Engineering and Urban Planning Department of Architecture 1 st Semester 2010 -2011. Architecture Conservation ( EAGD 5120 ) Lecture 7 Building Conservation: Building Conservation Strategies Dr. Nihad M. Almughany. CONTENTS.

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Architecture Conservation ( EAGD 5120 ) Lecture 7

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  1. University of PalestineFaculty of Applied Engineering and Urban PlanningDepartment of Architecture1st Semester 2010 -2011 Architecture Conservation ( EAGD 5120 ) Lecture 7 Building Conservation: Building Conservation Strategies Dr. Nihad M. Almughany

  2. CONTENTS • 1- REVIEW OF LAST LECTURE. • 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES • A- BUILDING RESTORATION • B- BUILDING RESTORATION (S. Johnson) • C- ANTI RESTORATION • D- MAINTENANCE • E- RESTORATION ACCORDING TO SPECIFIC STYLE • F- ADAPTIVE RE-USE • G- RECONSTRUCTION • H- REPLICATION • I- PRESERVING THE SKIN ONLY • L- CONSERVATION VIA MOVING

  3. 1- REVIEW OF LAST LECTURE • LISTED BUILDING. • ARCHAEOLOGICAL BUILDING. • ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND LISTED BUILDING PARTS. • CRITERIA FOR LISTING. • HERITAGE CLASSIFICATION. • GRADES OF LISTING. • مشروع السجل الوطني للمباني التاريخية في فلسطين

  4. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES • BUILDING RESTORATION • ANTI RESTORATION • RESTORATION ACCORDING TO SPECIFIC STYLE • ADAPTIVE RE-USE • RECONSTRUCTION • SYMBOLIC RECONSTRUCTION • REPLICATION • PRESERVING THE SKIN ONLY • CONSERVATION VIA MOVING

  5. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES: A- BUILDING RESTORATION • Inspired by Viollet Le Duc , the busiest restorer in the 19th Century. • Le Duc “ to restore a building is not just to preserve it , to repair it and to remodel it , it is to reinstate it in a complete state such as it may never have been at any given moment “ . • Depends on individual intervention according to restorer’s principles. • ترميم المبنى وإظهاره بشكل جميل غير متقيد بأي شكل كان عليه المبنى من قبل ولم يبد المبنى بهذا الشكل من قبل

  6. Sainte- Marie- Madeleine, Vezelay

  7. Saint Denis Basilica Notre- Dam de Paris

  8. Saint Antonin Town Hall

  9. Pierrefonds Castle

  10. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:B- BUILDING RESTORATION (S. Johnson) • Another principle of restoration is described by Samuel Johnson in his dictionary: “ The act of replacing in a former state . To give back what has been lost or taken a way “. • Restoration according to the state of the building at a particular time, regardless of alterations that happened afterwards. • Includes remove of additions and replacement of missing parts , needs accuracy and historic archives.

  11. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:C- ANTI RESTORATION • J. Ruskin theories in the “ Seven Lamps of Architecture, The Lamp of Memory ”: • “ We have no right whatever to touch them. They are not ours. They belong partly to those who built them and partly to all generations of mankind who are to follow us. The dead have still their right in them “. • “ Restoration is the worst manner of destruction“. • “ The greatest glory of a building is not in its stones, nor in its gold. Its glory is in its age “. • Smallest and most careful degree of intervention is required.

  12. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:C- ANTI RESTORATION • Scott : • “ No scarping or tooling of the surface of the stone should take place under any circumstances “ . • “ The whole of the old work should be preserved and exposed to view, so as to show the history of the fabric, with its successive alterations , as distinctly as possible“ .

  13. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:D- MAINTENANCE: • Maintenance is an approach to restoration which was not denied even by anti restoration critics: • Scott : “ I could almost wish the word restoration expunged from the architectural vocabulary and that we could content with the more common place term “ reparation “ . • Ruskin : “ it is better to take proper care of monuments , because then there will be no need to restore them “ . • Fielden : “ All historic buildings should be inspected regularly at five-year intervals in order to establish maintenance plans “.

  14. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:E- RESTORATION ACCORDING TO A SPECIFIC STYLE • Matching one specific historic style. • All buildings are restored according to the designated style. • Needs accuracy and changes the true image of the building.

  15. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:F- ADAPTIVE RE-USE • Finding viable uses for historic buildings to justify their continual existence in the town’s every day activities. • Much of the literature on conservation stresses that the key to preserve old buildings often lies in adapting them to new uses • EH chief Chris Green : “ the biggest challenge we face is creative re-use. There is not much point in listing half-a-million buildings if we cannot keep them in use”.

  16. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:F- ADAPTIVE RE-USE • Change of use has some restrictions. New uses should be either sympathetic or in contradiction to the original use. For example , some churches were converted to sympathetic uses such as libraries, convention halls, university multipurpose halls and museums . Others were subject to radical changes as they turned into residential houses.

  17. Templeton Carpet Factory, Glasgow (converted to the Templeton Business Centre

  18. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:G- RECONSTRUCTION • Reconstruction is usually made for vanished buildings or vanished elements of a building. • Introduction of materials and elements where loss has occurred based on archaeological, historic, archival and literary evidence. • Widely criticized, Ruskin “ The thing is a lie from the beginning to end “ . • The Royal Palace in Warsaw forming one entire side of an important square . • Art Lovers House, Glasgow .

  19. The Royal Palace in Warsaw

  20. Art Lovers House, Glasgow

  21. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:G- RECONSTRUCTION • SYMBOLIC RECONSTRUCTION: • Reconstruction of the meaning or the symbol of a building . • Contemporary materials and technology are used to construct a symbol of the historic building using its proportion, shape , function or image . • Franklin Home site in Philadelphia .

  22. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:H- REPLICATION • Replication is a copy of a still existing building or artifact . • Replicas are the construction of the shape and sometimes the symbol that the original building represents. • Fitch: “ the replica can coarsen and corrupt public appreciation of the prototype “ . • David sculpture in Florence.

  23. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:I- PRESERVING THE SKIN ONLY • The location of the historic building in an active commercial site and the adaptive reuse of the building requires a radical change inside while preserving and keeping the facades in order to respect the urban setting . • This approach is widely practiced around the world . • The Colonnades, Bath, UK

  24. 2- BUILDING CONSERVATION STRATEGIES:L- CONSERVATION VIA MOVING • The removal of the building from its site where it is no longer appropriate to another location because it gets in the way of the construction of specific project or because of environmental aspects. • Church of St. Mary Alder bury crossed the Atlantic from London to Missouri. • Abu Symbol, Egypt .

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