1 / 36

Chemistry 100(02) Fall 2013

Chemistry 100(02) Fall 2013. Instructor: Dr. Upali Siriwardane e-mail : upali@coes.latech.edu Office : CTH 311 Phone 257-4941 Office Hours : M,W, 8:00-9:30 & 11:30-12:30 a.m Tu,Th,F 8 :00 - 10:00 a.m.   Or by appointment Test Dates :.

alesia
Download Presentation

Chemistry 100(02) Fall 2013

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chemistry 100(02) Fall 2013 Instructor: Dr. UpaliSiriwardane e-mail: upali@coes.latech.edu Office: CTH 311 Phone257-4941 Office Hours: M,W, 8:00-9:30 & 11:30-12:30 a.m Tu,Th,F8:00 - 10:00 a.m.   Or by appointment Test Dates: September 30, 2013 (Test 1): Chapter 1 & 2 October 21, 2013 (Test 2): Chapter 3 & 4 November 13, 2013 (Test 3) Chapter 5 & 6 November 14, 2013 (Make-up test) comprehensive: Chapters 1-6 9:30-10:45:15 AM, CTH 328

  2. REQUIRED: Textbook:Principles of Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, 2nd Edition-Nivaldo J. Tro - Pearson Prentice Hall and also purchase the Mastering Chemistry Group Homework, Slides and Exam review guides and sample exam questions are available online: http://moodle.latech.edu/ and follow the course information links. OPTIONAL: Study Guide: Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, 2nd Edition-Nivaldo J. Tro 2nd Edition Student Solutions Manual: Chemistry: A Molecular Approach, 2nd Edition-Nivaldo J. Tro2nd Text Book & Resources

  3. Chapter 3. Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations 3.1 Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Water……………………………. 78 3.2 Chemical Bonds…………………………………………… 80 3.3 Representing Compounds: Chemical Formulas and Molecular Models.. 82 3.4 An Atomic-Level View of Elements and Compounds…………….. 84 3.5 Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Names…………………… 87 3.6 Molecular Compounds: Formulas and Names……………………… 93 3.7 Formula Mass and the Mole Concept for Compounds………… 97 3.8 Composition of Compounds…………………………….. 100 3.9 Determining a Chemical Formula from Experimental Data……… 105 3.10 Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations…………………… 110 3.11 Organic Compounds………………………. 114

  4. Chapter 3. KEY CONCEPTS

  5. CHEMICAL BONDS: THE FORCE BETWEEN ATOMS Methane, CH4 What Makes a Molecule?

  6. Molecular Compounds: Nonmetal Name the most “metallic” of the nonmetals first. + Nonmetal Change the ending of the nonmetal to “IDE.” • Indicate the number of atoms of the nonmetal by Latin prefixes. • Mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca • Examples: • – P2O5: diphosphorouspentaoxide • – CO: carbon monoxide 2-10

  7. For compounds composed of two non-metallic elements the more metallic element is listed To designate the multiplicity of an element Greek prefixes are used: mono  1; di 2; tri 3; tetra 4; penta5; hexa6; hepta7; octa8 Naming Binary Molecular-Covalent Compounds

  8. 1) H2O, Na3PO4, HCl, C2H6, NH3, KCl, CH4, NH4Cl, C6H12O6, Brass- CuxZny, SO3, NaCl, CO2 Identify the types of compounds in the above list: Molecular compound: Ionic compound: Alloy: Organic: Inorganic:

  9. H2O, Na3PO4, HCl, C2H6, NH3, KCl, CH4, NH4Cl, C6H12O6, Brass- CuxZny, SO3, NaCl, CO2 2) Which of the above compounds have Molecular formula: Ionic formula: Distinct empirical formula:

  10. 3) Indicating the type and number of atoms in a molecule of the covalent compound: C6H12O6. C: H: O: Molecular formula: e. Empirical formula: CHEM 100, Fall 2012 LA TECH 2-14

  11. Simple Binary Molecular Compounds H2O water (common name) NH3ammonia (common name) N2O dinitrogen oxide (nitrous oxide) NO nitrogen monoxide (nitric oxide) NO2 nitrogen dioxide N2O4 dinitrogen tetroxide CO carbon monoxide CS2 carbon disulfide SO3 sulfur trioxide CCl4 carbon tetrachloride PCl5 phosphorus pentachloride SF6 sulfur hexafluoride

  12. 4) Give systematic names to following binary inorganic molecular compounds a) H2O: b) HCl: c) SF6: d) BF3: e) N2O4: f) CCl4: g) SO3: h) PCl3:

  13. alkanes – CnH2n+2E.g. C5H12pentane alkenes –CnH2n E.g. C2H4 ethene alkynes – CnH2n-2E.g. C2H2 ethyne alco hols– ROH E.g C2H5OH ethanol Hyd rocarbons and Alco hols where R refers to the hydrocarbon radical backbone created by substituting an -OH functional group for a H atom in the hydrocarbon

  14. 5) Give the common name of the following molecular compounds NH3: CH3COOH: C6H12O6: C2H5OH:

  15. ACIDS • Types of acids • Binary acids • H+ and nonmetal anion In aqueous solutions, acids contain the H+cation and • Oxyacids • H+cation and polyatomic anion anion. 2-19

  16. Naming Acids Formula starts with acidic H HClHydochloric acid HNO3Nitric acid H2SO4Sulfuric acid HClO3Chloric acid H3BO3Boric acid H3PO4Phosphoric acid

  17. Names of acids and ions HClO2 chlorous ClO2¯ “chlortie” HClO3 chloric ClO3¯ chlorate HClO4 perchloric ClO4¯ perchlorate HNO3 nitric NO3 ¯ nitrate HClOhypochlorousClO ¯ ”hypochlorite” HNO2 nitrous NO2 ¯ nitrite

  18. Naming bases formula ends with OH Ba(OH)2 barium hydroxide NaOHsodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide NH4OH ammonium hydroxide

  19. 6) Give the names of the following acids

  20. Types of Chemical Formula Molecular Shows ratio of atoms each element in the : C2H6O Condensed Shows groups of atoms bonded together in the formula. E.g ethyl alcohol: CH3CH2OH Structural Shows bonding of important groups in the formu E.g ethyl alcohol: a compound. E.g ethyl alcohol

  21. 2-25 Models of Ethanol CHEM 100, Fall 2012 LA TECH

  22. 7) Given the structural formula of an organic compound, write the for the following: CH3CHClCH2OH molecular formula condensed formula structural formula line formula CHEM 100, Fall 2012 LA TECH 2-26

  23. Hydrocarbons Catenation The formation of chains of atoms of the same This key feature of carbon permits a vast number of compounds to exist. Four types of hydrocarbons Alkanes (saturated): single C-C bonds Alkenes (unsaturated): double C=C bond Alkynes (unsaturated): triple bond Aromatic (unsaturated): benzene rings e lement.

  24. Alkanes CnH2n+2 methane – CH4 ethane – C2H6 propane – C3H8 butane – C4H10 pentane – C5H12 hexane – C6H14 heptane – C7H16 octane – C8H18 nonane– C9H20 decane– C10H22

  25. Base names of hydrocarbons Meth- 1 Eth- 2 Prop- 3 But- 4 Pent- 5 Hex- 6 Hept- 7 Oct- 8 Non- 9 Dec- 10 I see much memorization in your future! Prefix Carbons

  26. 8) Name, molecular, condensed and line formula of straight chain alkane (saturated hydrocarbons) or n-alkanes. 4 carbon n-alkane: 7 carbon n-alkane:

  27. What is an Isomer? Compounds with the same number and type of atoms but with different arrangements are called constitutional isomers Condensed formulas Molecular FormulaC5H12 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 pentane CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3 2-methylbutane (CH3)4C 2,2-dimethylpropane All are isomers of C5H12.

  28. Alkane Isomers is there a formula?

  29. 9) Draw the structural formula of constitutional isomers of butane with molecular formula C4H10. n-butane: CH3CH2CH2CH3 isobutene: (CH3) 3CH

  30. Butane molecules are present in the liquid and gaseous states in the lighter Butane

  31. Determine empirical formulas for the following: 1. An ionic compound that has two aluminum ions for every three oxide ions Hexane, C6H14 Arabinose, C5H10O5 Hydrogen peroxide, Al2O3 (C3H7)n where n = 2 (CH2O)n where n = 2 (HO)n where n = 2

  32. Classifying Organic Compounds Examples Functional Group Ending Hydrocarbons C and H only -ane Alcohols R-OH -ol Acids R-COOH -oic acid Amines R-NH2 -amine Ketones R(C=O)R’ -one Aldehydes R-CHO -al

  33. 10) Classification and the name of the following

  34. The Many Representations of a Molecule

  35. 11) Identify the classification or name of the following biologically important molecules

More Related