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Environmental Effects on Noise in Graphene, Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotube Electronic Devices

Environmental Effects on Noise in Graphene, Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotube Electronic Devices.   Brett R. Goldsmith   Ye Lu Zhengtang Luo      A.T. Charlie Johnson University of Pennsylvania Department of Physics and Astronomy. Sources of Electronic Noise. measuring current noise power

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Environmental Effects on Noise in Graphene, Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotube Electronic Devices

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  1. Environmental Effects on Noise in Graphene, Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotube Electronic Devices   Brett R. Goldsmith  Ye LuZhengtangLuo     A.T. Charlie Johnson University of Pennsylvania Department of Physics and Astronomy

  2. Sources of Electronic Noise • measuring current noise power • Thermal Nyquist noise (~10-24) • Instrument Noise (~10-23) • Telegraph Noise (~10-18) • 1/f noise • intrinsic noise • edge states • defects • surrounding environment

  3. Noise Characterization Noise power is calculated from the power spectrum of the current. (using FFT) b = 1 for most devices

  4. Measurements Noise Power: Noise Amplitude: α(T) = Hooge Constant N = number of conduction channels SI is given by the power spectrum of the current through the device.

  5. Graphene Electronics

  6. Resistance vs Temperature measured in a high vacuum chamber, at a rate of 0.1 K/10 seconds

  7. Noise Power vs Temperature - Graphene Fit for noise power at 1 Hz. Noise Power also does not change much with temperature

  8. Graphene – Noise Amplitude Noise Amplitude can also be calculated using fit for noise power at 1 Hz Lin, Avouris, NanoLett., 2008, 8 (8), pp 2119–2125

  9. Reduced Graphene Oxide • Use a strong oxidizer and rapid microwave heating to chemically exfoliate graphite • Spin cast graphene oxide solution • Reduce graphene oxide using • hydrazine • We’re using a large film of GO. 50 mm Lou, et. al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2009, 131 (3), pp 898–899

  10. Reduced Graphene Oxide 50 mm Resistance has a strong temperature dependence.

  11. Noise Power vs Temperature Stronger temperature dependence of noise power. Sharp peaks occur at particular temperatures

  12. Assigning Noise Peaks Location of water freezing point vs. Temperature and Pressure Enhanced noise happens where we expect water to freeze in the vacuum chamber

  13. Noise Amplitude

  14. CNT Network – Noise Amplitude CNT noise amplitude changes quite dramatically with temperature. The literature has attributed these types of noise peaks to environmental effects for a few years, even in single tubes. Kingrey et. al. NanoLett., 2006, 6 (7), pp 1564–1568

  15. Johnson Group UPenn Prof. A.T. Charlie Johnson • Conclusions: • Graphene 1/f noise is weakly dependent on temperature • Reduced graphene oxide 1/f noise shows very strong dependence on temperature and the surrounding environment • Carbon nanotube 1/f noise is environmentally sensitive. • Graphene seems to be coupled to it’s surroundings more weakly than carbon nanotubes. Dr. ZhengtangLuo Dr. Brett Goldsmith Dr. SasaZaric Sam Khamis Bob Johnson Luke Somers Ye Lu Ryan Jones Matthew Berck Dan Singer Nicholas Kybert Thomas Ly Thanks to: IC Postdoc DARPA ARO

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