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Effects of Diet and Exercise on the Mental Health of Adolescents in California

Effects of Diet and Exercise on the Mental Health of Adolescents in California. Katherine Williamson Padilla 12/16/2010 Bay Bridge Training Center. Agenda. Background Data Sources & Collection Method Univariate Analysis (1) Multivariate Analysis (2) Qualitative Analysis (3) Conclusion

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Effects of Diet and Exercise on the Mental Health of Adolescents in California

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  1. Effects of Diet and Exercise on the Mental Health of Adolescents in California Katherine Williamson Padilla 12/16/2010 Bay Bridge Training Center

  2. Agenda • Background • Data Sources & Collection Method • Univariate Analysis (1) • Multivariate Analysis (2) • Qualitative Analysis (3) • Conclusion • Data shows kids who eat more fruits and vegetables and engage in physical activity are less likely to experience mental health issues. Socioeconomic status, however, plays a larger role.

  3. Background Adolescence is key! Causes of Mental Illness Research on Adults..but what about kids? Why is this important? Clayton SL, Brindis, CD, Hamor JA, Raiden-Wright H, Fong, C. (2000). Investing in Adolescent Health: A Social Imperative for California’s Future. San Francisco, CA: University of California, San Francisco. National Adolescent Health Information Center.

  4. Data

  5. Data Collection RDD telephone survey of land / cell phone lines in CA 41 single county strata & 3 multi-county strata of 17 counties 1 Adult & 1 Adolescent N = 3,638 adolescents

  6. Variables & Operational Measures Unit of Analysis: Adolescents in the State of CA Dependent Variable: Mental Health Status as measured by “feelings of depression within the last 30 days” Independent Variables: Eating & Exercise habits

  7. Univariate Analysis (1) Is mental health normally distributed? (No!) 1 = All of the Time 2 = Most of the Time 3 = Some of the Time 4 = Not very much of the Time 5 = Not at All .5% = All of the Time 77.3% = Not at All Skewness = -2.303

  8. Univariate Analysis Are good eating habits normally distributed? (No!) 1 = Yes 2 = No 21.8% = Yes 78.2= No Skewness = -.1.369

  9. Univariate (1) Analysis Are good exercise habits normally distributed? (Somewhat)

  10. Regression Analysis reveals that more fruits/veggies & more exercise =less depression What effects how much exercise/fruits/veggies a kid gets? Maybe SES… Multivariate Analysis (2) R squared = .015 There is a correlation, but its weak …..

  11. Crosstab of SES & depression reveals a correlation- 81% of kids in top SES class not at all depressed compared with 61% of kids in the bottom SES (4% vs. 11% for “sometimes depressed) • Regression of fruits/vegs & activity has less predictive value than SES alone Multivariate Analysis (2) R squared for fruits/vegs & exercise & depression = .015 R squared for SES & depression = .020 R squared for SES & exercise = .023 *knowing exercise only increased predictive value by 3% (but forecast accuracy does increase by 50% more than knowing just fruits/vegs)...SES is most significant

  12. Qualitative Data (3) 7 question, open-ended survey  Example Questions -- • How do life style choices like eating and exercise habits influence the mental health of adolescents? • Drawing on experiences from your patients, have you noticed any correlation between lack of exercise and/or unhealthful eating habits and poor mental health?

  13. Qualitative Analysis (3) Question 1: How do life style choices like eating and exercise habits influence the mental health of teens?

  14. Qualitative Analysis Highlights 42% Of total responses indicated diet & exercise make adolescents feel better (endorphins) when dealing with depression 37% said higher levels of diet/exercise led to improved self-esteem in kids

  15. Conclusion There is a link…but its weak Qualitative Data Confirms SES is more predictive Why? What can I take away from this?

  16. Thanks!

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