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PARTS OF SPEECH

Parts of Speech. ?Words, which are the building blocks of language. . ." (Warriner's p. 35*) are explained in this Power Point Presentation. Examples are given to explain the use of different words.*Warriner, John E., Graham, Sheila Laws, Warriner's English Grammar and Composition, 1st course, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich ,NY, 1977 .

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PARTS OF SPEECH

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    1. PARTS OF SPEECH Nouns ** Verbs Pronouns ** Adjectives **Adverbs Prepositions ** Conjunctions Articles ** Interjections Transition Words J. Bogdan 1/08

    2. Parts of Speech “Words, which are the building blocks of language. . .” (Warriner’s p. 35*) are explained in this Power Point Presentation. Examples are given to explain the use of different words. *Warriner, John E., Graham, Sheila Laws, Warriner’s English Grammar and Composition, 1st course, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich ,NY, 1977

    3. NOUNS Nouns name persons, places, things or ideas. Example: Look at that old automobile!

    4. VERBS Verbs are a part of speech that: Show action (example: to run). State something (example: to be). Show condition (example: It seems.). Most verbs change their form to show time (ex: run/ran). Others change to show number. (Ex.: One woman was there. More were not).

    5. PRONOUNS take the place of nouns. They are replacement words. Referring to persons or nouns: I, my, mine, me, myself You, your, yours, yourself, yourselves He, his, him, himself She, hers, her, herself It, its itself We, our, ours, us, ourselves They, their, theirs, them, themselves Who, whose, whom, whoever, whomever Everybody, anybody, somebody Everyone, anyone, someone None, no one, no body Referring to nouns: This, one, each, some, any, all That, either, neither, many, more, much, most These, other, another, what, which Those, both, several, few, whatever, whichever

    6. Adjectives modify nouns or pronouns Adjectives (adj.) modify, make clear or limit the meaning of other words. Descriptive adj. usually answer the question “What kind?’ Limiting adj. usually answer the question “How many?” Proper adj. are made from proper nouns. Use capital letters for proper adjectives. Use a comma to separate a series or groups of adj. Example: The big, black, old horse trotted down the trail.

    7. Adverbs Adverbs tell How?, When?, Where?, How much? Words ending in ‘-ly’ are usually adverbs. Example: The fox ran quickly into the woods.

    8. Preposition A preposition begins phrases that show relationships between nouns, pronouns and other words. Commonly used prepositions: see next page for examples.

    9. Prepositions Commonly used prepositions Aboard behind About below Above beneath Across beside After between Against beyond Along but (except) Amid by Among down Around during At except Before for From throughout In to Into toward Like under Near underneath Of until Off unto On up Over upon Past with Since within Through without

    10. Conjunction Conjunctions connect words, phrases or clauses. Some conjunctions are and, but, either, or, neither, nor. Example: They’re planning and building a house.

    11. Article There are definite and indefinite articles. Definite articles are ‘a, an.’ The indefinite article is ‘the.’

    12. Interjection An interjection expresses strong feelings! Example: Oh, look!

    13. Transition Words These are words that connect, change and transition ideas. See the next slides for some transition words.

    14. Transition Words To add: And, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, nor, too, next, lastly, what’s more, moreover, in addition, first (second, etc.)

    15. Transition Words To compare: Whereas, but, yet, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, on the contrary, by comparison, compared to, up against, balanced against, vis-ŕ-vis, although, conversely, meanwhile, after all, in contrast, although this may be true

    16. Transition Words To prove: Because, for, since, for the same reason, obviously, evidently, furthermore, moreover, besides, indeed, in fact, in addition, in any case, that is

    17. Transition Words To show exception: Yet, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, of course, once in a while, sometimes

    18. Transition Words To show time: Immediately, thereafter, soon, after a few hours, finally, then, later, previously, formerly, first (second, etc.), next, and then

    19. Transition Words To repeat: In brief, as I have said, as I have noted, as has been noted

    20. Transition Words To emphasize: Definitely, extremely, obviously, in fact, indeed, in any case, absolutely, positive, naturally, surprisingly, always, forever, perennially, eternally, never, emphatically, unquestionably, without a doubt, certainly, undeniably, with reservation

    21. Transition Words To show sequence: First, second, third, and so forth, A, B, C, next, then, following this, at this time, now, at this point, after, afterward, subsequently, finally, consequently, previously, before this, simultaneously, concurrently, thus, therefore, hence, next and then, soon

    22. Parts of Speech Each ‘Part of Speech’ is important to all parts of English—our speaking, listening, reading and writing! Enjoy!

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