1) What evolutionary force creates adaptations

1. 1) What evolutionary force creates adaptations • A) mutation • B) genetic drift • C) selection • D) migration

2. 2) Adaptations are favored because • A) they help the species survive • B) they are more advanced • C) they create a balanced ecosystem • D) they promote the reproduction of the genes that code for them • E) all of the above

3. 3) Independent contrasts • A) are used to ensure statistical independence of data points in comparative studies • B) require phylogenetic information about the group under study • C) are the differences between taxa that have arisen after the taxa diverged from a common ancestor • D) all of the above

4. 4) trade-offs • A) affect virtually all traits • B) cause traits to be optimized not maximized • C) can be due to functional trade-offs and/or allocation trade-offs • D) all of the above

5. 5) Should we expect all traits of all organisms to be perfectly adapted • A) yes, selection is sufficiently strong as to cause adaptation everywhere • B) no, because evolution is random • C) no, because environments change over time and because there are phylogenetic constraints and trade-offs