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Vapor Intrusion

Vapor Intrusion. What is Vapor Intrusion?. The migration of volatile chemical vapors from the subsurface to overlying buildings. Vapor Intrusion and Indoor Air Contamination. Dissolved contamination in groundwater volatilizes… Migrates as vapor into overlying vadose zone…

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Vapor Intrusion

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  1. Vapor Intrusion

  2. What is Vapor Intrusion? The migration of volatile chemical vapors from the subsurface to overlying buildings

  3. Vapor Intrusion and Indoor Air Contamination Dissolved contamination in groundwater volatilizes… Migrates as vapor into overlying vadose zone… Enters structures through floor and wall cracks… Becomes trapped inside enclosed space… Exposes occupants to indoor air contamination

  4. Commercial/Industrial Worker Working Over Plume Residents Living Over Plume Basement or Crawl Space Without Basement Who Can Be Affected by Vapor Intrusion?

  5. Delineate groundwater contamination plume, soil vapor plume and/or contaminated soil areas Conduct soil vapor sampling to identify structures potentially impacted by vapor intrusion Conduct sub-slab soil vapor sampling to identify potential for indoor air concerns Delineate groundwater contamination plume, soil vapor plume and/or contaminated soil areas Conduct soil vapor sampling to identify structures potentially impacted by vapor intrusion Conduct sub-slab soil vapor sampling to identify potential for indoor air concerns Basics of Vapor Intrusion / Indoor Air Assessment(*Refer to Applicable Guidance for Appropriate Methods) Conduct indoor and ambient air sampling to confirm indoor air concerns

  6. Screen indoor air prior to sampling to identify residential interferences Remove potential sources before sampling Screen indoor air prior to sampling to identify residential interferences Remove potential sources before sampling Drilling through slab Drilling through slab Placement and cementing of probe Collecting an indoor air sample using a SUMMA canister Collecting an ambient air sample using a SUMMA canister Placement and cementing of probe Collecting an indoor air sample using a SUMMA canister Collecting an ambient air sample using a SUMMA canister Basics of Vapor Intrusion / Indoor Air Assessmentcontinued

  7. No Further Action (NFA) Indoor Air Concentration? Concentrations greater than Action Levels Mitigate Concentrations less than Action Levels Monitor or Mitigate Determine Actions Based on Pathway Completion and Risks CompletedPathway? No Yes

  8. Existing Structures • Sub-Slab Depressurization • Sub-Membrane Depressurization • Sub-Slab Pressurization • Building Pressurization • Indoor Air Treatment • Passive Barriers • Backfill Depressurization Pre-Construction Abatement • Institutional Controls • In-Design Systems • Soil / Groundwater Cleanup Vapor Intrusion Mitigation Methods

  9. Typical Single Building Vapor Intrusion Mitigation • Sub-Slab Depressurization System (SSDS) • Similar to radon gas mitigation system • Negative pressure applied under building • Prevents vapors from entering structure

  10. Innovative Multiple Building Vapor Intrusion Mitigation • Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) System • Simultaneous mitigation for multiple structures • Vapor collection points connected by lattice • Centralized vapor treatment system

  11. Direct Technical Assistance State and local governments Tribes Brownfields Grantees EPA Regional Coordinators EPA Remedial Project Managers EPA On-Scene Coordinators Other EPA Regional staff Information Support Real estate professionals Developers and financial institutions Other private redevelopment interests Consultants, engineers and remediators Potentially Responsible Parties (PRPs) Affected Communities General public Who Can BTSC Help?

  12. Direct Technical Assistance Services • Project Strategy Consultation • Including use of the Triad Approach, Exit Strategies • Facilitation of Systematic Project Planning • Review or development of: • Conceptual Site Models (CSMs) • Dynamic Work Strategies • Recommendation of innovative and real-time investigation technologies • Support with Johnson-Ettinger Vapor Intrusion Model • Evaluation of remedial technologies • Review of mitigation designs • Training – Live / Webcast / Archived

  13. NewVapor Intrusion Primer Pick one up today! OSWER Guidance Johnson-Ettinger Vapor Intrusion Model Online Resource www.brownfieldstsc.org www.clu-in.org www.triadcentral.org ITRC Guidance “Self-Help” Information Assistance • Guidance Documents • Special Issues Primers • Technical Bulletins • Fact Sheets • Case Studies • Technology Descriptions • Web-resources

  14. Vapor Intrusion Summary • Vapor Intrusion is a common Brownfields issue that can significantly affect redevelopment • Methods and tools exist to identify and determine risks • Technologies exist to mitigate concerns Contact: Mike AdamOffice of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovationadam.mike@epa.gov

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