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Chapter 8

Chapter 8. Glacier. A glacier is a large moving mass of ice. Valley Glacier: . A glacier that forms in high mountainous areas. Crevasses:. Deep cracks in the surface of the ice. Continental Glaciers:. Glaciers that cover broad continent sized areas. Cirques:.

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Chapter 8

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  1. Chapter 8

  2. Glacier • A glacier is a large moving mass of ice.

  3. Valley Glacier: • A glacier that forms in high mountainous areas.

  4. Crevasses: • Deep cracks in the surface of the ice.

  5. Continental Glaciers: • Glaciers that cover broad continent sized areas.

  6. Cirques: • Deep depressions in the land surface carved out by glaciers.

  7. Moraines: • Ridges consisting of till deposited by glaciers.

  8. Outwash Plains: • Leading edge of glaciers where meltwater streams flow and deposit outwash.

  9. Drumlins: • Glaciers that move over older moraines and form new landforms.

  10. Eskers: • Long winding ridges of layered sediments that are deposited by streams.

  11. Glacial Lakes: • A natural impoundment of melt water at the front of a glacier.

  12. Kettle Holes: • Depression in ice after ice blocks melt.

  13. Arete: • A sharp, narrow mountain ridge. It often results from the erosive activity of alpine glaciers flowing in adjacent valleys.

  14. Mass Movement • Downslope movement of Earth’s materials, due to gravity, that can occur suddenly or very slowly depending on the weight of the materials.

  15. Creep • Slow, steady downhill, movement of loose weathered Earth materials, especially soil, causing objects on a slope to tilt.

  16. Mudflow • Rapidly flowing often destructive mixture of mud and water that may be triggered by an earthquake intense rainstorm or violence eruption.

  17. Landslide • Rapid downslope movement of a mass of loose soil, or debris that has separated from bedrock; can be triggered by an earthquake.

  18. Slump • Mass movement that occurs when Earth materials in a landslide rotate and slide along curved surface, leaving a crescent shaped scar on a slope.

  19. Avalanche • Landslide that occurs in a mountainous area when snow falls in an icy crest, becomes heavy and slips off and slides swiftly down the mountain side.

  20. Rock Falls • Rocks Falls commonly occur at high elevations, in steep road cuts, and on rocky shorelines.

  21. Deflation • The lowering of the land surface that results from the wind removal of surface particles is called deflation.

  22. Abrasion • Another process of erosion, called abrasion, occurs when particles such as sand rub against the surface of rocks or other materials.

  23. Ventifact • Rocked shaped by windblown sediments • Formed by abrasion

  24. Dune • Pile of windblown sand that develops overtime whose shape depends on sand availability wind velocity and direction and amount of vegetation presents

  25. Loess • Thick wind blown fertile deposit of silt that contains high levels of nutrients and minerals

  26. suspension • State in which small particles such as silt or sand are held up and carried by wind over long distances

  27. saltation • Another method of wind transport causes a bouncing motion of particles

  28. Leeward: • The direction downwind from the point of reference.

  29. Windward: • The direction upwind from the point of reference.

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