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Understanding Names: Origins, Meanings and Folklore Week 8 From Marmalade to Beef Wellington:

Understanding Names: Origins, Meanings and Folklore Week 8 From Marmalade to Beef Wellington: Naming Food - Part 2. David Clandfield Lifelong Learning Burnhamthorpe Community Centre 1500 Gulleden Drive Mississauga November 27, 2018. Cheeses. Cornish Yarg. Bishop Kennedy (Scottish).

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Understanding Names: Origins, Meanings and Folklore Week 8 From Marmalade to Beef Wellington:

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  1. Understanding Names: Origins, Meanings and Folklore Week 8 From Marmalade to Beef Wellington: Naming Food - Part 2 David Clandfield Lifelong Learning Burnhamthorpe Community Centre 1500 Gulleden Drive Mississauga November 27, 2018

  2. Cheeses

  3. Cornish Yarg Bishop Kennedy (Scottish) Monterey Jack

  4. Names of Food and Recipes • Apples and company • Commemorating the rich and famous mainly • Naming fast foods • National identities and stereotypes • Naming to disguise • Diversity and fusion • Short and sweet

  5. 1487: Frankfurt 1860s: The Bowery 1871: Coney Island 1893: Chicago World’s Fair Frankfurt(er) – 1877/1894 dachshund sausage – 1882 Hot dog: OED – 1884/1892

  6. Hamburg(er) (steak) – 1889 Salisbury steak – 1897 cheeseburger: 1938 burger: 1939 beefburger: 1940 vegeburger: 1945 veggieburger: 1978 What is this?

  7. long (Italian) sandwiches submarine(OED: 1949; f.e. 1901 - 1927) hero (NYC: OED 1938) spuckie (Boston < spucadella?)(established by 1950) garibaldi (Wisconsin – very local) torpedo/zeppelin (Pennsylvania) blimpie (Hoboken, NJ) wedge (Yonkers, NYC, and points north)

  8. grinder Webster’s International Dictionary of the English Language 1954

  9. hoagie: c1950 (St. Joseph, Michigan) Folk etymology Hog Island, Philadelphia Delaware River

  10. poutine OED attrib. FernandLachance “Le Lutin qui Rit” Warwick, Quebec 1957 Also: “Le Roy Jucep” Drummondville, Quebec, 1964

  11. hush puppies OED – 1918 (Southern dialect); 1942 (US mainstream) 1899 (Wikipedia) -- folk etymologies (hunters; Civil War)

  12. Bubble and squeak OED 1767 (leftover meat and cabbage) OED 1951(meat usually omitted for potatoes)

  13. Names of Food and Recipes • Apples and company • Commemorating the rich and famous mainly • Naming fast foods • National identities and stereotypes • Naming to disguise • Diversity and fusion • Short and sweet

  14. French … French toast OED: 1660 with eggs OED: 1882 French fried potatoes OED: 1856 French frieds OED: 1918 French fries OED: 1902 pain perdu

  15. French … Dressing (UK) OED 1616/1874 Beans OED: 1552 Dressing (N.Am.) 1879

  16. The many faces of Welsh rabbit

  17. Welsh rabbit vs Welsh rarebit OED: 1721 memoirs Welsh rabbit; 1747 Hannah Glasse OED: 1781 Welsh rarebit; 1785 Dictionary gives both Note: The simplex rarebit not known in other contexts Welsh love of toasted cheese (Andrew Boorde 1542) • Hannah Glasse’scookbook lists: • Scotch rabbit: simple toasted cheese on toast • Welsh rabbit: same as (a) with optional mustard • English rabbit: (a) with toast soaked in red wine • English rabbit: (c) with white wine too

  18. Scotch… Broth: OED 1735 Collops: OED 1664 Pie : OED 1664 Tallisker - 1830

  19. Nargisikofta (16c?) Scotch egg: OED 1808 Scotch woodcock: OED 1836 Billingsgate pheasant (1890)

  20. What are these? And this? Albany beef (1791) Cape Cod turkey (mid-19c) Prairie strawberries Alaska turkey (1948) Mexican strawberries Arizona strawberries Arkansas strawberries

  21. Names of Food and Recipes • Apples and company • Commemorating the rich and famous mainly • Naming fast foods • National identities and stereotypes • Naming to disguise • Diversity and fusion • Short and sweet

  22. Cuisses de nymphesàl’aurore Auguste Escoffier 1908 Carlton hôtel

  23. Escargots 14c French cookbooks OED: 1892

  24. Angels on horseback OED: Mrs. B 1888 Devils on horseback OED: 1909 Toad in the hole OED: 1787

  25. Mock turtle (obsolete) OED: 1767 Mock turtle soup OED: 1783

  26. Mock duck Tofu duck Wheat gluten plus condiments. Tofu: OED 1880

  27. Bombay duck OED: 1850 (others,1815) Bummalo(in Toronto: bumla) OED: 1698

  28. Ants climbing a tree

  29. Names of Food and Recipes • Apples and company • Commemorating the rich and famous mainly • Naming fast foods • National identities and stereotypes • Naming to disguise • Diversity and fusion • Short and sweet

  30. General Tso’s chicken General Zuo’s chicken 1972 -1973

  31. Chinese-American Chow Mein Chop suey San Francisco – late 19th century?? (miners, politician, railroaders. etc.) Probably c1903 chaomian = fried noodles Toisanese traditional recipe Cantonese: tsapseui(scraps)

  32. Kedgeree OED 1662 Hindi “khich(a)ri” Mulligatawny OED 1784 Tamil “miḷaku-taṇṇīr” Black pepper + water

  33. South African food Bobotie/Bobootie Walkie-Talkies Cape Malay OED - 1870 Afrikaans < Malay Traditional African Townships

  34. Names of Food and Recipes • Apples and company • Commemorating the rich and famous mainly • Naming fast foods • National identities and stereotypes • Naming to disguise • Diversity and fusion • Short and sweet

  35. shortbread (OED 1801) short = easily crumbled (OED 1430) made by adding fat (U.S. “short[e]ning” - OED 1796)

  36. sweetbread (OED 1565)

  37. sweetmeats (OED 1500)

  38. Petits Fours French 1803 or earlier (OED) English 1875 (OED)

  39. Madeleines Middle Ages; 1661; 1755; c1800

  40. Marcel Proust (1871 – 1922) À la recherche du temps perdu 1913-1927

  41. For Further Reference Steven Gilbar: Chicken à la King and the Buffalo Wing. Food Names and the People and Places that Inspired Them Cincinnati: Writers Digest, 2008. Barbara Ann Kipfer: The Culinarian. A Kitchen Desk Reference Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2011. Robert Hendrickson: Talking Turkey. A Food Lover’s Guide to the Origins of Culinary Words and Phrases. New York: Skyhorse Publishing, 2014. Lenny Karpman: Foods that Confuse and Amuse. 1200 Eclectic Names Demystified. Bradenton Florida: Booklocker.com, Inc., 2015 William Sayers: Historical Notes on Culinary Terms. London UK: Prospect Books, 2015

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