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Taiwan Education at the Crossroad: When Globalization meets localization

Discover the major features of Taiwan's educational system, the differences between American and Taiwanese education, and the challenges facing Taiwan's education in the globalized world. Get insights into teacher-student interactions, moral education, and the daily schedule of Taiwanese students.

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Taiwan Education at the Crossroad: When Globalization meets localization

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  1. Taiwan Education at the Crossroad:When Globalization meets localization Chuing Prudence Chou (周祝瑛)Professor, Cheng-chi University, TaiwanEmail: iaezcpc@nccu.edu.tw Aug. 5, 2011

  2. You are going to learn about Taiwan’s education… • Why do you need to know about Taiwan’s education? • What are you going to learn about Taiwan's education? • What are the major features in Taiwan’s schools? • Why study in Taiwan: pro and cons

  3. Spot Light : Taiwan • Area :36,000 square kilometersPopulation: 23 millionCapital : Taipei CityLanguage : Mandarin/Taiwanese/Hakka/Indigenous LanguagesReligion : Buddhism/Taoism/Christianity/Islam

  4. About 98% of the population is of Han Chineseethnicity. • 86% are descendants of early Han immigrants known as "native Taiwanese" • The most recent immigrants from mainland China after 1949. • Recent foreign spouses from Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand and the Philippines (more than 5% of the primary and secondary students are from foreign spouses)

  5. Literacy rate: 96.1%• Men 97%  • Women 95% • Enrollment 5,384,926 •  • Primary 2,153,717 • Secondary1,676,970  • Post-secondary 1,270,194 Major problem: a drastic declining birth rate and entering an aging society since late-1990s

  6. Source: Accounting and Statistics, Executive Yuan, Taiwan.

  7. Taiwan’s educational system

  8. Educational philosophy: A Credential Society, efforts over innate abilities • Confucian heritage: group-oriented, academic success, respect for teachers, exam-oriented • A capital society: • Supplement Education

  9. What are the differences between American educational system and Taiwan’s educational system? • Taiwan: Nine-year compulsory education . • United States: Twelve years compulsory education. • In Taiwan, there is must six years of elementary school, three years of junior high school and three years of senior high school. • But in US, there are many different kinds of school systems. For example, 5-3-4, 6-2-4 or 6-3-3. • Since Taiwan only has nine-year compulsory education, students in Taiwan need to take the standard test both for high school admission and college admission.

  10. Something you should know about Taiwan’s education • How do teachers interact with their students? • How do teachers interact with other teachers? • When do Taiwanese students start learning foreign language? • Moral education • What is the typical schedule of a student?

  11. How do teachers interact with their students? Different from US, Taiwanese students have less interaction with teachers in the classroom. In average, there are about 36 students in a classroom. It is hard for teachers to interact with every students in the classroom.

  12. The interactions between teachers Usually, teachers share a big “staff room” together. Teachers can improve their way of teaching by the exchange of their teaching experience with other teachers.

  13. Moral education Schools value academic competition and formal moral education in a daily setting. Students tidy up their classroom daily from elementary school to high school. Schools have weekly discipline and sanity contests for honor and pride . Winners will be recognized merit certificates.

  14. What is the typical daily schedule of students? • Students usually arrive at 7:30AM and depart around 4:30-5:30PM. • Students usually go to cram school or receive private tutoring class after school. • A typical schedule of a senior high school student is as follows:

  15. A SCHOOL DAY(10th Grade)

  16. When does Taiwanese students start learning foreign languages? Since many parents want their children to speak other languages, they send their children to a bilingual school (it may even start from kindergarten!) In public schools, students start learning English from 3rd grade to freshman year in college.

  17. Educational Reform in Taiwan • 1987-88 : the external and internal environmental factors resulting in a series of nation-wide education changes • 1989-93 : when the legislators passed many education bills and acts to ensure the reform policies to be based on throughout the country

  18. 1994-98 : the Committee of Education Reform under the Executive Yuan drew many representatives from all walks of life to design the theme, framework and progress of the reform, etc. • 1999 to date : the numerous negative public opinions against the educational reform programs. The increasing gaps between the urban VS. rural and the rich vs. the poor.

  19. 4 Major Educational Issues • Globalization VS. Localization • Gender Stereotyping • Equity of Educational Opportunity • Family Educational expenditure on Cram Schools: NT$2,640 (US$80) per subject / month

  20. Cram schools • With the intense pressure placed on students to achieve, many students enroll in private after-school classes intended to supplement their regular education. • Popular subjects in cram schools include English, mathematics, and the natural sciences. • Classes are generally very orderly and controlled, with class sizes as high as 200 or so students.

  21. Common in East Asia, cram schools have become the de facto parallel education system because they are so prevalent in East Asian countries like Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Vietnam, and many others . • It's a traditional belief that parents should send their children to all kinds of cram schools in order to assist their children to compete and excel at the expense of social life and sports.

  22. Statistics of the hours Taiwanese students spend attending extra-curricular activities（2003）

  23. Education Features(15 years old)

  24. What can be learned and imported from elsewhere? (borrowing) • What can be taught and exported elsewhere? (lending), • The phenomena of cross-national policy attraction and educational borrowing • Global and international convergence in education at the expense local needs and cultural diversity

  25. Toward a Twelve-year Basic Education Program in Taiwan (2014) • 1. The drastic declining birth rate • 2. Am emerging aging society • 3. The migration flow to China • 4. The myth and reality of education reform : the debate over the textbooks and entrance exam between Ministry of Education and Taipei City Government • 5. Internationalization of higher education

  26. Education in 2020 • What will happen to the next generations of Taiwan and the world? • What do learn from each other? • What will happened when cross-straitizatoin, globalization and localization takes place in Taiwan and the world?

  27. Q & A

  28. Thanks for your attention. • Have a nice trip in Taiwan and God Bless! • Chuing Prudence Chou Email: iaezcpc@nccu.edu.tw • Website: http://www3.nccu.edu.tw/~iaezcpc/English%20index.htm • Aug. 5 , 2011

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