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Entering the World Stage. America Becomes an Imperialist Power. What is Imperialism?. Reasons for imperialism:. Industrial Revolution New markets for goods Raw materials for manufacturing Naval refueling stations. US Foreign Investment 1869-1908.
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Entering the World Stage America Becomes an Imperialist Power
Reasons for imperialism: • Industrial Revolution • New markets for goods • Raw materials for manufacturing • Naval refueling stations
Alfred T. Mahan The Influence of Sea Power on History: 1660-1783
Reasons for imperialism: (con’t) • Power & prestige • Nationalism
Reasons for imperialism: (con’t) • Ideology • Social Darwinism • Missionaries
Imperialist nations: • Great Britain • France • United States • Belgium • Germany • Japan
“Seward’s Folly” 1867 • Purchased from Russia for $7.2 million
Hawaii • 1778—James Cook explored HA
Hawaii • American Missionaries Imiola Church – first built in the late 1820s
Hawaii • Ideal for fueling station & for trade • Sugar cane plantations
Hawaii • King Kalakaua—negotiates treaty w/ US to import sugar • Queen Liliuakalani—overthrown by sugar planters • Sanford Dole—becomes president of HA • 1898—HA becomes US territory
China • Europe—carves out spheres of influence • Open Door Policy—proposed by John Hay
China • Boxer Rebellion
Japan • Began the 1800s isolated & unindustrialized • Matthew Perry opened trade w/ Japan • Japan industrializes & begins trading
Gentlemen’s Agreement • US & Japan agree to end Japanese immigration to US • CA ends segregation of Japanese schools children
Treaty of Portsmouth:1905 • Ends Russo-Japanese War • Earns Roosevelt Nobel Peace Prize
Causes of Span-Amer War • Cubans revolt against Spain • José Marti & yellow journalism • Spanish General Valeriano Weyler • De Lome letter • USS Maine
Joseph Pulitzer Image from Gen. Weyler’s “Reconcentration Camps” William Randolf Hearst Hearst to Frederick Remington: You furnish the pictures, and I’ll furnish the war!
Dupuy de Lome, Spanish Ambassador to US Criticized President McKinnley
Spanish American War • Cuba • Strategy: control port city of Santiago • Teddy Roosevelt & the Rough Riders • Battle of San Juan Hill • US Navy sinks entire Spanish fleet • Philippines • Commodore Dewey • Manila Bay • Emilio Aguinaldo: leads rebels against Spanish • Surrounded by Dewey & Aguinaldo, Spanish surrender
Results of the Span-Amer War • Spain gives up all claims to Cuba • US gains Puerto Rico & Guam • Spain gives up Philippines for $20 million • US seen as strong militarily & financially