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vitamin A

BMLT VITAMIN A

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vitamin A

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  1. SUBMITTED BY – PAYAL COURSE- BMLT IIND YEAR MUR : 2301157 SUBMITTED TO : SHANTI NATH MAM

  2. TOPIC VITAMIN - A

  3. Introduction to Vitamin A • • Fat-soluble vitamin essential for vision, growth, and immunity. • • Exists in different forms: Retinol, Retinal, Retinoic Acid, and Beta-Carotene. • • Obtained from both animal and plant sources.

  4. Sources of Vitamin A • Animal sources- liver oil,butter,milk, cheese,egg- yolk, • Plant sources- tomatoes,carrots,green yellow vegetables,spinach and fruits like mangoes,papayas,corn,sweet potatoes

  5. Recommended Daily Allowance • Adult male- 3000 IU • Adult female- 3000 IU • Recommended daily allowance is 6000IU • 1 IU=0.3 micro gms of Retinol

  6. Absorption and Transport of Vitamin A • • Absorbed in the small intestine along with dietary lipids. • • Incorporated into chylomicrons and transported via lymphatic system. • • Stored mainly in the liver as retinyl esters. • • Retinol is transported in the blood by Retinol Binding Protein (RBP).

  7. Functions of Vitamin A • • Vision: Essential for rhodopsin formation in the retina. • • Gene Expression: Regulates cell differentiation. • • Immunity: Enhances immune function and skin health. • • Antioxidant Properties: Neutralizes free radicals.

  8. Vitamin A and Immunity • Enhances immune response by maintaining epithelial integrity. • Supports production of white blood cells to fight infections. • Deficiency increases susceptibility to infections, particularly in children. • Plays a role in preventing inflammatory diseases.

  9. Deficiency of Vitamin A • Night Blindness (Nyctalopia). • Xerophthalmia and Bitot’s Spots. • Increased susceptibility to infections. • Impaired growth and development.

  10. Toxicity of Vitamin A • Hypervitaminosis A: Acute and chronic toxicity. • Symptoms: Headache, dizziness, liver damage, birth defects. • Excess supplementation can be harmful.

  11. Clinical Diagnosis of Vitamin A Deficiency • Laboratory Tests: • - Serum Retinol Concentration (Gold standard). • - Retinol-Binding Protein (RBP) measurement. • - Conjunctival Impression Cytology (CIC) for eye health. • Dark Adaptation Test assesses night vision function.

  12. Importance in Health and Disease Prevention • Essential for: • - Preventing childhood blindness. • - Reducing the risk of infectious diseases. • - Supporting pregnancy and fetal development. • - Maintaining healthy skin and mucosal barriers.

  13. Conclusion • Vitamin A plays a crucial role in vision, immunity, and cellular health. • • Balanced intake is necessary to prevent deficiency and toxicity. • Deficiency leads to severe health issues like blindness and infections.

  14. Thank You

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