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Vitamin A deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency. Supervision Prof. Dr . Mervat Salah. Intended Learning Outcomes. By the end of this lecture, students will have a general overview on vitamin A in it’s deficiency health outcomes. VITAMIN D.

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Vitamin A deficiency

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  1. Vitamin A deficiency Supervision Prof. Dr . MervatSalah

  2. Intended Learning Outcomes • By the end of this lecture, students will have a general overview on vitamin A in it’s deficiency health outcomes.

  3. VITAMIN D • Vitamin D comprises a group of sterols; the most important of which are cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) & ergosterol (vitamin D2). • Humans & animal utilize only vitamin D3 & they can produce it inside their bodies from cholesterol. • Cholesterol is converted to 7-dehydro-cholesterol (7DC), which is a precursor of vitamin D3.

  4. VITAMIN D • Exposure to the ultraviolet rays in the sunlight convert 7DC to cholecalciferol. • Vitamin D3 is metabolically inactive until it is hydroxylated in the kidney & the liver to the active form 1,25 Dihydroxycholecalciferol. • 1,25 DHC acts as a hormone rather than a vitamin endocrine & paracrine properties.

  5. FUNCTIONS • Calcium metabolism: vitamin D enhances ca absorption in the gut & renal tubules. • Cell differentiation: particularly of collagen & skin epithelium • Immunity: important for Cell Mediated Immunity & coordination of the immune response.

  6. Vitamin D deficiency • Deficiency of vitamin D leads to: • Rickets in small children. • Osteomalacia • Osteoporosis

  7. GROUPS AT RISK • Infants • Elderly • Dark skinned • Covered women • Kidney failure patients • Patients with chronic liver disease • Fat malabsorption disorders • Genetic types of rickets • Patients on anticonvulsant drugs

  8. Sources of Vitamin D • Sunlight is the most important source • Fish liver oil • Fish & sea food (herring & salmon) • Eggs • Plants do not contain vitamin D3

  9. THERAPEUTIC USES • Rickets & Osteomalacia • Osteoporosis • Psoriasis • Cancer prevention (prostate & colorectal) • Autoimmune diseases

  10. TOXICITY • Hypervitaminosis D • causes hypercalcemia,which manifest as: • Nausea & vomiting • Excessive thirst & polyuria • Severe itching • Joint & muscle pains • Disorientation & coma.

  11. RICKETS

  12. Assignment • علا حازم علي حسن

  13. Recommended text book • Manual dietetic book

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