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ERGONOMICS IN TENNIS RACKET

ERGONOMICS IN TENNIS RACKET. ARNOULD Benjamin GREGORZKI Brice MOUFFLARD Paul RODRIGUES Chris. What do you know about tennis racket ?. According to you , what the date of tennis racket creation ? Why there are oversized kind of rackets ?

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ERGONOMICS IN TENNIS RACKET

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  1. ERGONOMICS IN TENNIS RACKET ARNOULD Benjamin GREGORZKI Brice MOUFFLARD Paul RODRIGUES Chris

  2. What do you know about tennis racket ? • According to you, what the date of tennis racket creation ? • Whythere are oversizedkind of rackets ? • What are the ergonomicsinvolvement in Rackets ?

  3. History of tennis racket • Appeared with the Jeu de Paume, the first wooden racket was created in 1505 • Tennis was born at the end of the XIXth century • The second sport practiced in France : 1 102 921 members in 8 217 affiliate clubs in 2011

  4. Regulations and Standards • Size • They are defined by the rules of the ITF International Tennis Federation • Standardization of the racket • NF ISO 11416 defines the components and physical parameters and terminology to be adopted by all manufacturers

  5. Evolution of Tennis RacketUntil the 1930s : The Wood • Headsize : substantially spherical or square 16.2 cm in width and 16.5 cm in length. • The grip is made of wood and cork or bare does not have octagonal shape with flat surfaces and chamfers. • The strings is natural gut of sheep or beef. • Decoration is almost absent.

  6. Evolution of Tennis RacketFrom the 1930s to 1960s : the classicism and laminatedwood • Leather grip • Strings are always in naturalgut of sheep. • Nylon appearedat the end of the 50’s.

  7. Evolution of Tennis RacketThe seventies : the changes • Metal frames easier to produce. • Wood frames change to double branchwithstillsmallhead. • The grip stretch out for the twohand’s flip side. • First frames in fiber • The synthetics strings becomewidespread • Bighead patent (PRINCE) in 1976

  8. Evolution of Tennis RacketThe 1980’s : carbonfibers, composites • Increasing power of composite racquets • Progressive disappearance of wood • Research new forms : midsize and largesize head • Design more pronounced • Commercial life is reduced • Metal for the average range

  9. Evolution of Tennis RacketThe 1990’s : Supremacy of composite • Generalization of composites • Supremacy of midsizehead • Relegation of metal … • Simplifications of forms • Development of technicals concepts • Aerodynamism, flexibility, rigidity, new headsize design • Coloured decoration * • Marketing more aggressive • Kid/Adultcompleteassortment

  10. Evolution of Tennis Racket2000 : Explosion of technology and marketing • Generalization of midsizehead • New technology innovation • Specialcolor and design • Carbon nanotube

  11. Innovation withneither future • Over time, more or less fanciful innovations have been created • INPI and “google patents” data bases give the latest and other more traditional.

  12. Example of innovation withneither future • Brian Battistone, inventor

  13. Future • The rules of raquet size are frozen and limitcreativity • Main innovation trail are : • Material • Manage vibrations control • Stringing • Accessory (tennis racket cover, bag…)

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