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H. Detlef Kammeier, Bangkok Independent Researcher and Consultant

Key Issues in Strategic Urban Planning and Environmental Management: An Introductory Overview Day 1: Monday, 11 December. Presentation at the Training Course of the World Bank Institute (WBI) in cooperation with the Association of Cities in Viet Nam (ACVN) Da Nang, 11-14 December 2006.

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H. Detlef Kammeier, Bangkok Independent Researcher and Consultant

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  1. Key Issues in Strategic Urban Planning and Environmental Management: An Introductory OverviewDay 1: Monday, 11 December Presentation at the Training Course of the World Bank Institute (WBI) in cooperation with the Association of Cities in Viet Nam (ACVN) Da Nang, 11-14 December 2006 H. Detlef Kammeier, Bangkok Independent Researcher and Consultant Professor (em), AIT Bangkok, Thailand (1976-2000) Visiting Professor, TU Berlin and BTU Cottbus, Germany

  2. WBI-ACVN Training Course on Urban Planning and Environmental Management, Da Nang, December 2006 • Introduction to the Introduction • Strategic Urban Planning and Management • Urban Environmental Management • Decentralization Effects • The Schedule of the Training Course • Introducing the Speakers

  3. Introduction This is the first “pilot event” in a series of training courses for high-level Vietnamese planners and managers. It is co-organized by the World Bank Institute, the Association of Cities in Viet Nam, and the MOC Training Institute We all hope this first event will serve as a good model for a whole series of similar courses all over the country This first session serves to introduce the broad theme – to be presented and discussed during the next four days (and to be summarized on Friday this week), and to welcome both participants and speakers

  4. WBI-ACVN Training Course on Urban Planning and Environmental Management, Da Nang, December 2006 • Introduction to the Introduction • Strategic Urban Planning and Management • Urban Environmental Management • Decentralization Effects • The Schedule of the Training Course • Introducing the Speakers

  5. OLD Master Plan The plan as a product Emphasis on long-term future but not approach >> no strategic quality “survey-analysis-plan” Mainly physical planning City planner as expert, directing the process Civic leaders and council as decision makers NEW Urban Management Focus on planning process – managing change Emphasis on short and medium-term future, leaving many options open >> strategy “problem focus – goals – survey – analysis – implementation - feedback” Economic, social, institutional aspects City planner – negotiator Multiple stakeholders Strategic Urban Planning (1)

  6. Strategic Urban Planning (2) OLD types of plans: Statutory development plan: physical, legal base, policy, (and some commitment only) Spatial plan: Physical, legal base NEW types of plans: Strategic plan: Policy, physical, financial, institutional, commitment, (legal base) Action plan: Physical, financial, institutional, commitment

  7. Strategic Urban Planning (3) Principal changes in the style of urban planning and environmental management: • From “command and control” to participatory processes of managing change, with the planner as main negotiator and mediator • From focus on “internal” concerns (land use, infrastructure) to full awareness and proficiency in dealing with both of internal and external factors (market, international policies and trends, social habits) • Dealing with a much wider scope – from general policy to highly specific project

  8. 2. Decentralization policies 3. Urban development policies 1. Trade and other policies, internat’l factors Policies shaping urban development (similarly: rural development) Policy formation and implementation >>> Different roles, from national level down to local level National Regional Local

  9. Principal Interventions for Managing Urban Areas (emphasis on land)

  10. A. Tax Measures

  11. B. Non-Tax Measures

  12. C. Direct Involvement of Public Authorities

  13. Strategic Urban Planning (4) National development plan National urban development strategy National environmental strategy (the state of the environment) Regional development planning/management Metropolitan/urban development strategy / structure plan Land use plan >> outline zoning plans Subdivision plans Action area plans Important sector strategies and plans (national and city-specific): Transportation Housing Water/sanitation Solid waste Education Health and others

  14. WBI-ACVN Training Course on Urban Planning and Environmental Management, Da Nang, December 2006 • Introduction to the Introduction • Strategic Urban Planning and Management • Urban Environmental Management • Decentralization Effects • The Schedule of the Training Course • Introducing the Speakers

  15. The relationship of policy context, urban management, urban planning, and urban environmental management

  16. Environmental Transition >> City Typology:All over the world, cities have environmental problems but they (and the solutions) differ by stage of development! Compiled from Bartone, Satterthwaite, et al.

  17. Urban Environmental Management Policy Interventions Geographical Coverage Environmental Issues over Time Source: Memon and Imura, IGES (Japan), 2003

  18. Critical Path Analysis Challenges Necessary condition(s) Essential condition(s) • Zoning and land-use • Titling • Future growth Urban Planning Environmental Problem(water pollution/ scarcity, air pollution, solid waste, industrial pollution, etc) Sources(households, private sector, transport, energy, etc.) Impact(quantitative and qualitative) • Logical and suitable • Human resources • Jurisdiction & Implementation Regulations & Institutions • Public awareness • Information systems • Formal & Informal framework Public participation • Government & donor funding • Economic instruments (MBIs) • Public-private partnerships Financial Mechanisms • Monitoring • Production • Repair and maintenance Appropriate Technology Source: Memon and Imura, IGES (Japan), 2003

  19. Integration Urban Planning and Environmental Management

  20. All major Asian cities now have environmental management guidelines. Experience with PPP has been encouraging, especially together with local government Example: Thailand has adopted operational guidelines in all cities, such as this set (16 small volumes) – tested since 1995

  21. WBI-ACVN Training Course on Urban Planning and Environmental Management, Da Nang, December 2006 • Introduction to the Introduction • Strategic Urban Planning and Management • Urban Environmental Management • Decentralization Effects • The Schedule of the Training Course • Introducing the Speakers

  22. The full meaning of decentralization • Political (or democratic) decentralization • Administrative (or institutional) decentralization – or deconcentration/devolution of authority to lower levels of government • Fiscal decentralization • As a separate category: Economic or market decentralization from government to NGO and market organizations

  23. Present reality of local government performance

  24. Targets under decentralized local government reform

  25. WBI-ACVN Training Course on Urban Planning and Environmental Management, Da Nang, December 2006 • Introduction to the Introduction • Strategic Urban Planning and Management • Urban Environmental Management • Decentralization Effects • The Schedule of the Training Course • Introducing the Speakers

  26. Day 1 (Monday): Strategic Urban Planning System Overview City Devt Strategy (CDS) Approach World Bank Urban Strategies in Viet N VN Case Study Day 2 (Tuesday): Urban Environmental Management UEM Overview, Concepts, Experience Environmental Mgt in Viet Nam (2 presentations) Sustainable City Dev’t VN Case Study The schedule (a)

  27. Day 3 (Wednesday): Urban Finance, and Land Management Urban Finance Concepts (Viet Nam) Regional Planning (VN) Land Mgt Issues Land Mgt – Urban Fringe Issues Day 4 (Thursday): Da Nang City Day Study Tour Da Nang Discussion of Da Nang Issues Wrap-up Panel Discussion Award of Certificates & Closing Ceremony Dinner – Farewell and Welcome The schedule (b)

  28. WBI-ACVN Training Course on Urban Planning and Environmental Management, Da Nang, December 2006 • Introduction to the Introduction • Strategic Urban Planning and Management • Urban Environmental Management • Decentralization Effects • The Schedule of the Training Course • Introducing the Speakers

  29. Introducing the speakers In this first training course, there are mainly foreign speakers (with experience in Viet Nam) and only some Vietnamese colleagues In future courses, there will be mainly Vietnamese speakers, and only some foreigners Brief self-introduction of the speakers: Day 1: Detlef Kammeier, Henry Sharpe, Alan Coulthart Day 2: Allan Rotman (Vinh), Wayne Stone, Nguyen Quang Day 3: Cuong Duc Dang, Lawrie Wilson, Henry Sharpe Day 4: Da Nang speakers, panelists

  30. So much for the course introduction.Now - let’s start floating…

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