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Chapter-6-SEMANTICS-PART-1

Semantics - Introduction to Linguistics

Yancie
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Chapter-6-SEMANTICS-PART-1

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  1. Chapter 6 THE STUDY OF MEANING: SEMANTICS

  2. Semantics definition: According to the book, semantics can be defined as the way humans structure meanings of words and sentences through a systematic process, first following cientific study of languages – scientific study of meaning

  3. Scientific study: • It refers to the intention of humanity into the way a language is learnt. Let's say for example that when you started learning English as a second language, the first thing you noticed was that some words had a different meaning compared to their literal writing. • example: It's raining cats and dogs!

  4. Check this sentence, and look at its meaning literally. You might expect dogs and cats would come down from the sky on the floor.

  5. Study of meaning: • It refers to the "how" people might understand language, regarding to the language you speak and having into account the different variations that words may suffer from country to country. • if we were to get the meaning of the idiom "It's raining cats and dogs." maybe the meaning of this sentence might suffer a change.

  6. What then is the meaning of this idiom? explain. We can refer to this case, that meaning of the words matter.

  7. What Is Meaning? PAGES 173-174 ANALYSIS. Meaning can be conceived in a truth valued, proposition of a statement, contradictory, anomalous, ambiguous, or merely vague manner.

  8. 1.The dog liked to guard the house and the postman could not make it to the door because he was barking viciously. • 2. Cats are fish.  • 3. I go to bedearlyeverynight. • 4.The sofa is too big for the living room. Large sofas are perfect for wide spaces. • 5. Colorless green ideas sleep furiously • 6. Itworks. Readthesesentences and discuss in groupswhattype of uterrances are eachone. Thenexplainyouranswers and givereasons of yourarguments.

  9. Read the sentences and explain which of the utterance meanings these might fall into.

  10. WORK IN GROUPS AND WRITE SENTENCES HAVING THE CHARACTERISITCS AFOREMENTIONED ANOMALOUS CONTRADICTORY AMBIGUOUS VAGUE TRUTH VALUED PROPOSITION OF STATEMENT

  11. Linguistic, social and affective meaning What do the linguistic meaning on words mean? Read these sentences: We went to see the playRomeo and Juliet at the theater. Mary’s car has been stolen. You “gonna” checkit?

  12. Readthesewords and phrases and relate them to anocassion in whichpeople use them. • Panquecito • Terron de azúcar

  13. Affectivemeaning • 1. Tina, who always boasts about her two doctorates, lectured me all night on Warhol’s art. • 2. Tina, who’s got two doctorates, gave me a fascinating overview of Warhol’s art last night. • Affectivemeaningrefers to thenotions and intonationswhenwords are utteted. It’s the personal feelings, attitudes, or values of an author or speaker infers from their words and/or nonverbal behavior, such as sarcasm, irony, formality, shyness, toughness, naughtiness, etc.

  14. Linguistic meaning • When we refer to the linguistic meaning of words, the sense and reference on words play an important element, thus if you want to convey any message you need to have in mind these two aspects of language. • Answer in yourwords. To what do wecall a “referent”? Scott’s dog

  15. REFERENTIAL MEANING • “Rahul is sleeping on the sofa” refers to the fact that a person named Rahul is currently asleep on an elongated piece of furniture generally meant to be sat upon. For one thing, not all expressions have referents. Neither a unicorn nor the present king of France has an actual referent in the real world, but both expressions have meaning. 1.Jacqueline Bouvier married John F. Kennedy in 1953. 2. Jacqueline Bouvier married the thirty-fifth president of the United States in 1953

  16. Social meaning • Also known as “social context” this aspect of linguistics is important, since it relates the words to whom it utters them. • As to say : Imma’ need an extra towel. • By gudging on this sentence, maybe you would say that this speaker’s social status is related to the way he speaks.

  17. Social context of words tells us also the educational level of a speaker, or whether if he/she belongs to a determined group in a society. • Is there any characteristic/peculiar way of speaking in your country? • Think about one example in which you would say if a person’s social status or level of education is present in their speech.

  18. Social meaning • It refers to a person’s identity, social status a person uses when making an utterance. • Ex: Y’allgonna visit over the holiday?. • I wanna go on vacation! • I think I might go on vacation! • Mas sin embargo… • Lo que es…

  19. Can you think of more examples using language at these 3 levels of communication?

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