_Aspect Biology by sujan prodhan

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  wek^we`¨vjq, †gwW‡Kj I †W›Uvj Ges GBPGmwm cix¶vq ev‡qvjwR GKwU Avewk¨K welq| cÖvq mKj cvewjK wek¦we`¨vjq fwZ© g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ? 1 WHY BIOLOGY fwZ© cix¶vq ev‡qvjwRi ¸iæZ¡ cix¶v‡ZB ev‡qvjwR †_‡K D‡jøL‡hvM¨ msL¨K cÖkœ _v‡K| ZvQvov dv‡g©mx, gvB‡µvev‡qvjwR, †R‡bwU·mn DbœZgv‡bi K¨vwiqvi Mo‡Z ev‡qvjwRi weKí †bB| ZvB mevi Av‡M Rvb‡Z nq, †Kvb RvqMvq KZ b¤î _v‡K... cÖm½ 01 mvaviY wek¦we`¨vjq µwgK wek¦we`¨vj‡qi bvg BDwbU cix¶v c×wZ †gvU b¤î ev‡qvjwRi b¤î DËi Kivi aiY A D C A A A D A F A FST SAQ + MCQ MCQ SAQ + MCQ MCQ SAQ MCQ SAQ + MCQ MCQ MCQ MCQ MCQ 01 100 11.25 + 18.75 Hw”QK XvKv wek^we`¨vjq 02 80 44 Avek¨K Rvnv½xibMi wek^we`¨vjq 03 ivRkvnx wek^we`¨vjq 100 16+16/ 8+8 (Rxe+MwYZ) Hw”QK 04 100 25 Hw”QK PÆMÖvg wek^we`¨vjq 05 72 24 Hw”QK RMbœv_ wek^we`¨vjq 06 100 20 Avek¨K Lyjbv wek^we`¨vjq 07 80 5 + 20 Hw”QK Bmjvgx wek^we`¨vjq 08 100 25 Hw”QK Kzwgjøv wek^we`¨vjq 09 80 20 Hw”QK †eMg †iv‡Kqv wek^we`¨vjq 10 120 24 Hw”QK ewikvj wek^we`¨vjq 11 100 25 Hw”QK evsjv‡`k BDwbfvwm©wU Ae cÖ‡dkbvjÕm cÖm½ 02 weÁvb I cÖhyw³ wek¦we`¨vjq µwgK wek¦we`¨vj‡qi bvg BDwbU cix¶v c×wZ †gvU b¤î ev‡qvjwRi b¤î DËi Kivi aiY A B C B 70 10 Hw”QK kvnRvjvj weÁvb I cÖhyw³ wek^we`¨vjq 01 MCQ 80 25 Avek¨K h‡kvi weÁvb I cÖhyw³ wek¦we`¨vjq 02 MCQ 80 20 Avek¨K 100 35 Avek¨K gvIjvbv fvmvbx weÁvb I cÖhyw³ wek¦we`¨vjq 03 MCQ cvebv weÁvb I cÖhyw³ wek¦we`¨vjq 04 80 8 + 15 Hw”QK SAQ + MCQ A nvRx ‡gvnv¤§` `v‡bk weÁvb I cÖhyw³ 05 100 25 Avek¨K MCQ A wek¦we`¨vjq A B C C 100 25 Hw”QK MCQ MCQ MCQ †bvqvLvjx weÁvb I cÖhyw³ wek¦we`¨vjq 06 100 25 Avek¨K 100 25 Avek¨K 80 35 Avek¨K e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb weÁvb I cÖhyw³ 07 MCQ wek¦we`¨vjq 80 35 Avek¨K H C 100 10 + 15 Avek¨K iv½vgvwU weÁvb I cÖhyw³ wek^we`¨vjq 08 SAQ + MCQ cÖm½ 03 K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq µwgK wek¦we`¨vj‡qi bvg cix¶v c×wZ †gvU b¤î ev‡qvjwRi b¤î DËi Kivi aiY Avek¨K 100 30 mgwš^Z K…wl wek^we`¨vjq fwZ© cixÿv 01 MCQ cÖm½ 04 †gwW‡KjI †W›Uvj µwgK wek¦we`¨vjq/K‡j‡Ri bvg cix¶v c×wZ †gvU b¤î ev‡qvjwRi b¤î DËi Kivi aiY Avek¨K 100 30 †gwW‡Kj K‡jR fwZ© cixÿv 01 MCQ MCQ Avek¨K 100 30 †W›Uvj K‡jR fwZ© cixÿv 02  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

2  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  g g¨ ¨v vw wR RK K¨ ¨v vj j † †c cÖÖ‡ ‡R R‡ ‡› ›U Uk kb b g g‡ ‡b b i iv vL Lv vi i † †K K․ ․k kj j g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY RxeweÁv‡bi g~j n‡jv Z_¨g~jK ÷vwW| Z_¨g~jK ÷vwWi †ÿ‡Î Z_¨ g‡b ivLv GKUv eo P¨v‡jÄ| ZvB G P¨v‡jÄ‡K †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z Z_¨¸‡jvi weKí I GKmv‡_ Dc¯’vcb GKwU Ab¨Zg gvBjdjK| P‡jv GKUz AbïKg Dc¯’vcbvi †Póv Kwi|  M‡í M‡í ev‡qvjwR  Q‡›` Q‡›` ev‡qvjwR  •ewk‡ó¨ •ewk‡ó¨ ev‡qvjwR  mv¤úªwZK Z‡_¨ ev‡qvjwR  Z‡_¨ Z‡_¨ ev‡qvjwR cv_©‡K¨ cv_©‡K¨ ev‡qvjwR  weÁvbx‡ì Ae`v‡b ev‡qvjwR  Ø‡›Ø Ø‡›Ø ev‡qvjwR  cwifvlvq ev‡qvjwR †kÖYxweb¨v‡m ev‡qvjwR  Q‡K Q‡K ev‡qvjwR  •eÁvwbK bv‡g ev‡qvjwR †cÖg = cÖvYxweÁvb MAGIC-01: M‡í M‡íev‡qvjwR Breakup= Dw™¢`weÁvb...!! STORY-01: What is Love? .... †cÖg †KejB ev‡qv‡KwgK¨vj wiA¨vKkb, P‡jv GB wiA¨vKk‡bi gva¨‡g Avgiv gvby‡li fv‡jvevmvq ni‡gvb¸‡jvicÖfve †`‡L †bB| Avgv‡ì †eª‡b GKUv †KwgK¨vj Av‡Q †dbvBj-_vqjvwgb, hLb GKUv gvbyl Av‡iKUv gvby‡li cÖwZ AvK…ó nq ZLb GUv wbtmiY nq| hLb AvKl©Y Av‡iv †ekx nq ZLb Av‡iv `ywU ni‡gvb wbtmiY nq, biGwc‡bwd«b Avi †Wvcvwgb| biGwc‡bwd«b Gi Rb¨ nvZ Nvgvq, Avi †Wvcvwgb Avgv‡ì fvj jvMvq| Kcvj Nvgvq, eyK aodo K‡i hLb G `ywU Av‡iv †ekx wbtmiY nq ZLb Av‡iv fv‡jvjv‡M| Gi ci wbtmiY nq, me‡P‡q Lvivcni‡gvbUv hvi bvgAw·‡Uvwmb| Aw·‡Uvwmb hLb †ekx wbtmiY nq ZLb gvbylfv‡e†m†cÖ‡gc‡o‡Q ... Avm‡j wKQzB bv ...... !! meB ÿwY‡Ki †gvn ... dvBbvj Bwbsm ch©šÍ hv wbtm„Z nq Zvi bvg †U‡÷v‡÷iY ....... STORY-02: cy®úcÎ web¨vm ievU© ûK mv‡neRev bv‡gi GKUv †g‡q‡K Lye fvj‡e‡m †d‡j hv c‡i †cÖ‡gi m¤úK© †_‡K we‡q‡Z cwiYZ nq| †g‡qUvi bvg Rev wQj e‡j, wg. ûK Rev dzj Lye cQ›` KiZ| †Zv GKw`b ûK mv‡ne, Rev‡KLye †ivgvw›UK gy‡W ej‡jv- ÒI‡Mv Avgvi fv‡jvevmv, GKUv Rev dzj AvKevÓ...? I  †Mv  fvj  fvj‡fU Rev  AvK  AvK›` ev  I‡cb MÜivR Revi e„wZ evejv  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  wg‡mm ûKRev dzj AvU© Ki‡jv, wKš‧ fvj n‡jv bv| ûK mv‡ne †Zv†i‡M Av¸b| †Zvgv‡ì †Zv wmwmgcy‡ii ÒBK&wiiÓ g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 3 K_v g‡b Av‡Q| BK&&wi †`L‡Z †Kgb wQj? wg. ûK †i‡M wM‡qZvi eD‡Kej‡jv- ÒZzB Rev, BK…i g‡Zv Kv‡jv evìÓ: Rev ZzB B K… Kv‡jv evì       Revi UzB‡÷W Bgweª‡KU K…òP~ov KvjKvmy›`v evì jvwV `jgÛj ZLb Rev Lye Awfgvb Ki‡jv, wg. ûK mv‡neRevi ivM fv½v‡bvi Rb¨ ej‡jv- Òmwi †cqvix KzBb †fgwmÓ mwi †cqvix KzBb †f g wm      gUi  wkg mwilv †cqviv KzBbKvbwmqvj †fw·jvwi STORY-03: Sarcopterygii -Gi •ewkó¨ Avgiv Kg‡ekx mevB mvK©vm †`‡LwQ ZvB bv| n‡iK iKg gvbyln‡iK mv‡R Avwef©~Z nq- †KDev bvqK, †KDev MvqK, †KDev ¸Ûv, Avevi †KDev WvBwb| mvK©v‡mi †h WvBwbUv Av‡Q †h Lye fvj Mvb Mvq|a‡iv Zzwg GKw`b mvK©vm †`L‡Z wM‡q‡Qv, mvK©vm †`‡L G‡m †Zvgvi eÜy‡K ej‡ZQ ... Rvwbm †`v¯Í ...ÒmvK©v‡mi WvBbx- Aw¯’i Mvb MvqÓ mvK©v‡mi WvBbx Aw¯ i Mvb     mv‡K©vc‡UwiwR WvBwdmvK©vj Aw¯ gq M¨vb‡qW STORY-04: fvBiv‡mi DcKvwiZv †gndzR mv‡ne hZUv-bv eD‡qi f³ Zvi †P‡q †ekx kvjxKvi f³| KviY Zvi kvjxKv Zvi eD‡qi †P‡q my›ìx| hvi Kvi‡Y Zvi kvjxKvi mv‡_ †m Lye †LvkM‡í †g‡Z_v‡K| GKw`b †gndzR mv‡ne Zvi eD I kvjxKv‡K wb‡q mvdvix cv‡K© Nyi‡Z†Mj| GK RvqMvq e‡m Zviv wZbRb Mí Ki‡ZwQj Gi dv‡K†gndzR mv‡n‡eieD †Mj AvBmwµgwKb‡Z| AvBmwµg wK‡b G‡m †`‡L Zvi †evb †bB| ZLb †m†gndzR mv‡ne‡KwRÁvmv Ki‡jv Avgvi †evb †Kv_vq ... ? ZLb†gndzR mv‡ne†ivgvw›UK gy‡W ej‡jv- Òcv‡k emv wcÖqv R½‡j UvBMvi †`L‡Z wM‡q‡QÓ we.`ª.:†gndzR mv‡ne eBwUi †jLK| cv‡k emv wcÖqv R½j UvBMvi fv‡jvevmv bvgK GB MíwUi kÖwgK-    †cøM   †gndzR Avn‡g` †cvwjI emšÍ RjvZ¼, RwÛm UvBd‡qW wfRy¨qvjvB‡Rk‡b, †gvt bvRgym mvwKe  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

4  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  Avc‡WU Z_¨ MAGIC-02: mv¤úªwZK Z‡_ëv‡qvjwR g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY Rvb‡Z n‡e h_v_© WHO (World Health Organization) COVID-19†K PandemicA_©vr •ewk¦K gnvgvwi wn‡m‡e 11 gvP© 2020 Zvwi‡L †NvlYv K‡i‡Q| 19 wW‡m¤î 2019 Px‡bi Dnv‡b GwU cÖ_g kbv³ nq Ges 31 wW‡m¤î 2019 GKR‡bi g„Zzï gva¨‡g c„w_exevmx G m¤^‡Ü cÖ_g Rvb‡Z cv‡i| 8 gvP© 2020 evsjv‡`‡k cÖ_g 3 Rb COVID-19†ivMx kbv³ nq| †kÖwYweb¨vm : (Unranked): Virus Realm: Riboviria Phylum: Incertae sedis Order: Nidovirales Family: Coronaviridae Genus: Betacoronavirus Subgenus: Sarbecovirus Species: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Strain: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS COV-2) MVb : RNAI †cÖvwUb AveiY Øviv MwVZ| †Kvb †Kvb cÖKvi‡f` Gi AvIZvfz³:  †MvjvKvi  ewnt¯Í AveiYhy³ RNA fvBivm  BgvwR©s fvBivm RyI‡bvwUK  jÿY: Avµg‡Yi 14 w`‡big‡a¨ jÿY cÖKvk cvq| GRb¨ m‡›`nfvRb e¨w³‡K 14 w`b †Kvqv‡ibUvB‡b ivL‡Z nq|R¡i, mw`©, k¦vmKó, ï®‥ Kvwk, gv_v e¨v_v, Mjv e¨v_v, gvivZ¥K ch©v‡q AÁvb n‡q hvIqv, wkï-e„× I Kg †ivM-cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv m¤úbœ e¨w³‡ì wbD‡gvwbqv, eª¼vBwUm nq|   kbv³KiY : b¨v‡mvd¨vwiwÄqvj †mvqve †m¤új wb‡q RT-PCR†gwkb Gi mnvqZvq kbv³ Kiv nq Ges ey‡Ki G·‡i wbD‡gvwbqv wbwðZ K‡i|  wbqš¿Y/cÖwZKvi : AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡K †iwR÷ªvW© wPwKrmK Gi civgk© Abyhvqx Pj‡Z n‡e| wKQz †ivMxi †ÿ‡Î DcmM© Abyhvqx Aw·‡Rb, c¨vivwmUvgj eënvi Kiv nq| GQvov Rvcvbx Ilya A¨vwfMvb, Av‡gwiKvi †ig‡Wwmwfi, wKDevi B›Uvi‡dib Avjdv Uz-we Ges d¨vwfwcivwfi eënv‡i fv‡jv dj cvIqv †M‡Q|  cÖwZ‡iva : GLb ch©šÍ †Kvb cÖKvi f¨vKwmb Avwe®‥…Z nqwb| ZvB me©`v cwi®‥vi cwi”Qbœ _vK‡Z n‡e,Ab¨ e¨w³ †_‡K Kgc‡ÿ 3 dzU`~‡i _vK‡Z n‡e| me©`v n¨vÛ †mwbUvBRvi I gv¯‥ eënvi Kiv DËg| weÁvbx‡ì Ae`vb MAGIC-03: weÁvbx‡ì Ae`v‡bev‡qvjwR ¯§iY Kiv †hvM¨ Kvg weÁvbxi bvg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb    †kÖwYweb¨vm we`¨vi RbK| Dw™¢` I cÖvYxi wØc` bvgKi‡Yi c×wZ cÖYqb K‡ib| Systema Naturae (1735-68), Genera Plantarum (1737), Species Plantarum (1753) cÖf…wZ Zuvi weL¨vZ MÖš | [DU. 2013-14; JU. 2014-15, 13-14, 11-12; MBSTU. 2014-15; RU. 2012-13, 11-12, 10-11; K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm CU. 2012-13; IU. 2015-16; MAT. 2002-03] 1707-1778, myB‡Wb  †j‡Ýi weea©b ÿgZv A‡bK ¸Y evwo‡q AYyexÿYh‡š¿i DbœwZ mvab K‡ib|  cZ‡½i RxebPµ eY©bv K‡ib|  cÖ_g •KwkK RwjKvi †fZ‡i i³ msenb eY©bv K‡ib| AYyRxeweÁv‡bi RbK| A¨v›Uwb f¨vb †j‡fbûK 1732-1723, [JU. 2018-19] †b`vij¨vÛm  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  weÁvbxi bvg g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 5 ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb    cÖvwYweÁv‡bi RbK| i‡³i wfwË‡Z cÖvwYRM‡Zi †kÖwYweb¨vm K‡ib| On the Generation of Animals, Historia Animalium, Parts of Animals Zuvi K‡qKwU D‡jøL‡hvM¨ eB| A¨vwi÷U&j wLªóc~e©: 384-322, MÖxm     AvaywbK A¨vbvUwgi RbK| Zuvi ch©‡eÿ‡Yi wfwË‡Z cieZ©x‡Z wPwKrmvwe`¨vq gvbe‡`n e¨e‡”Q` AšÍfz©³ nq| †ckx, Aw¯  I ¯œvqyZ‡š¿i cÖ_g wbLuyZ eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb| Zuvi weL¨vZ MÖ‡š i bvg- Fabrics of Human Body (1543)| A¨vb‡Wªm †f‡mwjqvm 1514-1564, †ejwRqvg    e„‡°i †Møv‡giæwj, †iPb bvwjKv, ¯^v`Kzuwo GeshK…Z I cøxnvi MÖwš gqZv Avwe®‥vi K‡ib| gw¯Í®‥ I AcwUK ¯œvqyi m~² MVb eY©bv K‡ib| dzmdzmxq i³ RvwjKv kbv³ I eY©bv K‡ib| gv‡m©‡jv gvjwcwR 1628-1694, BZvwj     Cell k‡ãi cÖeZ©K| wQwci AvYyexÿwYK cÖ‡Kvôgq MVb †`‡L G¸‡jv‡K Cell bv‡g AwfwnZ K‡ib hv AvRI cÖPwjZ| cvjK, †g․gvwQi ûj, gjv‡¯‥i i¨vWzjv, gvwQi c`, gv‡Qi AuvB‡ki e„w× †iLv cÖf…wZi eY©bv †`b| MicrographiaMÖ‡š’i iPwqZv| ivevU© ûK [DU. 2015-16, 1999-00; J. Board-2015] 1635-1703, Bsj¨vÛ     kvixiwe`¨vi RbK| gvbe‡`‡n i³ mÂvjb m¤ú‡K© Zuvi M‡elYvq AvaywbK kvixi-we`¨vi wfwË ¯’vwcZ nq| On the motion of heart & blood in animal MÖ‡š i iPwqZv| wW¤^vYy †_‡K mKj Rxe m„wó nq G aviYv e¨³ K‡ib| DBwjqvg nv‡f© 1578-1657, Bsj¨vÛ    Biology k‡ãi cÖeZ©K| weeZ©b m¤^‡Ü ÔAwR©Z ¸Yvejxi DËivwaKviÕ bv‡g me©cÖ_g myk„sLj gZev` cÖKvk K‡ib| Philosophie Zoologique (1809), HydrogcologicZuvi weL¨vZ MÖš | [JU. 2019-20; RU. 2012-13] Ruv-evcwU÷ j¨vgvK© 1744-1829, d«vÝ     Dictator of Biologybv‡g cwiwPZ| Zzjbvg~jK kvixiwe`¨vi RbK| Rxevk¥we`¨v‡K weÁv‡bi Ab¨Zg kvLvwn‡m‡e cÖwZôv K‡ib| Zuvi †jLv weL¨vZ MÖš  Le Regne Animal (1817)| R‡R©m Kz¨wf‡q 1769-1832, d«vÝ    AvaywbK åƒYwe`¨vi RbK| Zzjbvg~jK åƒYwe`¨vi cÖwZôv K‡ib| RvwZMZwe`¨v I b„ZË¡ wb‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© M‡elYv K‡ib| Kvj© Avb©÷ fb †eqvi 1792-1876, G‡¯Ívwbqv  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

6  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  weÁvbxi bvg g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb     cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb gZev‡ì cÖe³v| cÖRvwZi DrcwË I weeZ©‡b cÖK…wZi f~wgKv e¨vL¨v K‡ib| c¨vb‡R‡bwmm (Pangenesis) gZev` cÖeZ©b K‡ib| weL¨vZ MÖš’ The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection| Pvj©m ievU© WviDBb [CoU. 2019-20] 1809-1882, Bsj¨vÛ   †Kvl gZev‡ì cÖe³v| †Kvl gZev` (Cell Theory)-Gi gva¨‡g †NvlYv K‡ib †hRxe‡`n †Kv‡l MwVZ Ges c~e©eZ©x †Kvl †_‡K bZzb †Kvl m„wó nq|  cuP‡b AYyRx‡ei f~wgKv kbv³ K‡ib| w_I‡Wvi †mvqvb [CU. 2012-13] 1810-1882, Rvg©vwb   eskMwZwe`¨vi RbK| gUiïuwU MvQ wb‡q M‡elYvjä djvd‡ji wfwË‡Z †h `ywU m~Î †NvlYv K‡ib Zv wesk kZvãxi †Mvov †_‡K eskMwZi †g․wjK wfwËiƒ‡c cwiMwYZ nq| G Kvi‡Y Zuv‡K AvaywbK eskMwZwe`¨vi RbK e‡j AwfwnZ Kiv nq|  eskMwZi Law of Segregation Ges Law of Independent Assortment bvgK `ywU hyMvšÍKvix bxwZ cÖKvk K‡ib| [MAT. 2003-04; CU. 2011-12, 06-07; RU. 2012-13, 08-09] †MÖMi †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj 1822-1884, Aw÷ªqv    cÖvwYweeZ©b m¤^‡Ü WviDB‡bi Abyiƒc gZev` (WviDB‡bi Av‡MB) cÖKvk K‡ib| cÖvwY‡ì Awf‡hvRb m¤^‡Ü M‡elYv K‡ib| A‡÷ªjxq I Gkxq gnv‡`k gaëZ©x Øxcmg~‡n cÖvYx‡ì we¯Ívi m¤^‡Ü wZwb †h gZ cÖKvk K‡ib Zvi wfwË‡Z H ¯ v‡b GKwU KvíwbK †iLv (Iqv‡j‡mi †iLv) Aw¼Z n‡q‡Q| Avj‡d«W iv‡mj Iqv‡jm 1823-1913, Bsj¨vÛ     f¨vw·‡bi Avwe®‥viK| RjvZ¼, A¨vb_ª¨v·, gyiwMi K‡jiv I †ikg g‡_i †ivM m„wóKvix AYyRxe Avwe®‥vi K‡ib| gyiwMi K‡jiv, Mevw` cïi A¨vb_ª¨v· I RjvZ‡¼i f¨vw·b Avwe®‥vi K‡ib| cv¯‧ivB‡Rkb c×wZ D™¢veb K‡ib| jyB cv¯‘i [RU. 2010-11; MAT. 2002-03] 1822-1895, d«vÝ   wgD‡Ukb gZev‡ì cÖe³v| wgD‡Ukb gZev` cÖwZôv K‡i gšÍe¨ K‡ib †h wgD‡Uk‡bi d‡j msNwUZ AvKw¯§K cwieZ©‡bi d‡jB weeZ©b N‡U _v‡K, nvRvi eQ‡ii gš i wbe©vP‡bi d‡j bq| wnD‡Mv wW wåm   Awf¯ªe‡Yi f~wgKv Ges Awf¯ªewYK Pvc I c`v‡_©i AvYweK IR‡bi m¤úK© eY©bv K‡ib| 1848-1935, The mutation Theory, Plant Breeding weL¨vZ MÖ‡š i iPbv K‡ib| †b`vij¨vÛm    Rvg©cøvRg gZev‡ì cÖe³v| Rvg©cøvRg gZev` (Germplasm theory)-Gi gva¨‡g eskMwZ c`v‡_©i mÂvi e¨vL¨v K‡ib| Bu`y‡ii 5wU es‡k (901wU Bu`y‡ii) †jR †K‡U j¨vgv‡K©i ÔAwR©Z ¸Yvejxi DËivwaKviÕ gZev‡ì AmviZv cÖgvY K‡ib| AMv÷ fvBRg¨vb [JU. 2013-14; RU. 2011-12, 10-11, 08-09; JnU. 2007-08] 1834-1914, Rvg©vwb   g¨v‡jwiqv cÖwZ‡iv‡ai cw_K…Z| g¨v‡jwiqvi AvµvšÍ e¨w³i i³ †PvlY Kiv gkv msMÖn K‡i 1897 mv‡j jÿ K‡ib g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi RxebP‡µi wbw`©ó Aa¨vq GKwU wbw`©ó cÖRvwZi gkvi cvK¯ wj‡Z AwZevwnZ nq|  1902 mv‡j kvixiwe`¨v ev wPwKrmv weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‥v‡i f~wlZ nb| [CU. 2008-09] †ivbvÛ im 1857-1932, hy³ivR¨  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  weÁvbxi bvg g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 7 ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb     wRb gZev‡ì cÖe³v| weÁvbx gM©vb wesk kZvwãi cÖ_g hy‡MB eskMwZwe`¨vi GK bZzb †ÿÎ Avwe®‥vi K‡ib| 1933 mv‡j kvixiwe`¨v ev wPwKrmvweÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi®‥v‡i f~wlZ nb| wZwb eskMwZi Chromosomal Theory Ges wj½ RwoZ •ewkó¨ †µv‡gv‡mvg wR‡bi •iwLKweb¨vm, µwmsIfvi I wgD‡Ukb e¨vL¨v K‡ib| _gvm nv›U gM©vb [BSMRSTU. 2018-19] 1866-1945, hy³ivóª   `wÿY Gwkqvi †kÖô cvwLweÁvbx| mgMÖ fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡k cvwL-cÖRvwZi bvg wjwce×KiYmn G‡ì we¯Í…wZ I msiÿ‡Y D‡`¨v‡Mi cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡ib|  cvwLi Rxeb BwZnvm, we¯Í…wZ I msiÿY wb‡q wZwb †h 10wU eB wj‡L‡Qb Zvi g‡a¨ The Book of Indian Birds, Indian Hill Birds, wkï‡ì Rb¨ Our Birds we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨| mvwjg Avjx 1896-1978, fviZ     K…wÎg wRb Avwe®‥viK| GKwU C÷ wR‡bi K…wÎg cÖwZwjwc ms‡køl K‡ib| wZwb cÖ_g †cÖvwUb ms‡køl‡b wbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi f~wgKv eY©bv K‡ib| †Lvivbv 1968 mv‡j Av‡iv `yÕRb weÁvbx Robert W. Holley Ges Marshall W. Nirenberg Gi mv‡_ wRbZË¡ I gwjKz¨jvi ev‡qvjwRi †ÿ‡Î Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ kvixiwe`¨v I wPwKrmvweÁv‡b †bv‡ej ni †Mvwe›` †Lvivbv cyi¯‥vi cvb| 1922-2011, fviZ   †cwbwmwjbbvgK A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUKAvwe®‥vi K‡ib| 1945 mv‡j kvixiwe`¨v ev wPwKrmv weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‥v‡i f~wlZ nb| m¨vi Av‡jK‡RÛvi †d¬wgs 1881-1955, ¯‥Uj¨vÛ  µ‡qëR‡djU-BqvKe wWwRR- gvbyl mn wewfbœ cÖvYxi gw¯Í‡®‥ Awbivgq‡hvM¨ GK e¨vwa| 1982 mv‡j weÁvbx ÷¨vbwj we. cÖæwRbvi G †iv‡Mi m‡›`nRbK msµvgY G‡R›U kbv³ K‡ib| GwU wQj GKwU †cÖvwUb| wZwb Gi bvg †`b wcÖqb|  ÷¨vbwj we. cÖæwRbvi 1997 mv‡j kvixiwe`¨v ev wPwKrmv weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‥v‡i f~wlZ nb| 1942- eZ©gvb, hy³ivóª  A¨vwg‡bv Gwm‡Wi k„•L‡j MwVZ †cÖvwUb AYy Avgv‡ì †Kv‡li Rxeb cÖwµqv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i|  1999 mv‡j kvixiwe`¨v ev wPwKrmv weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‥v‡i f~wlZ nb| ¸›Uvi †eøv‡ej 1936-2018, hy³ivóª    Ò†U÷wUDe †eweÓ m„wó cÖwµqvi RbK| IVF c×wZi cÖe³v| 2010 mv‡j kvixiwe`¨v ev wPwKrmv weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‥v‡i f~wlZ nb| [RU. 2019-20] ievU© wR. GWIqvW©m 1925-2013, Bsj¨vÛ   A‡Uv‡dwR m¤ú‡K© avibv †`b| 2016 mv‡j kvixiwe`¨v ev wPwKrmv weÁv‡b †bv‡ej cyi¯‥v‡i f~wlZ nb| BDwk‡bvwi Imywg 1945-eZ©gvb, Rvcvb  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

8  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  †kÖYxweb¨vm g›` bq MAGIC-04: †kÖwYweb¨v‡mev‡qvjwR g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY hw` cwiPq Rvb‡Z nq   ¯úÄ Phylum : Porifera Class Order Family Genus Species  †Ku‡Pv Phylum : Annelida Class Order Family Genus Species  wPswo Phylum : Arthropoda Class Order Family Genus Species  wUKwUwK Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species : Chordata : Calcarea : Heterocoela : Sycettidae : Sycon : Sycon gelatinosum : Reptilia : Squamata : Gekkonidae : Hemidactylus : Hemidactylus brookii : Oligochaeta : Haplotaxida : Megascolecidae : Metaphire : Metaphire posthuma  †`v‡qj cvwL Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species  nvBWªv Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species  Nvmdwos Phylum Class Subclass Order Family Genus Species  iæB gvQ Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species  gvbyl Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Sub-Order : Hominoidea Family Genus Species : Chordata : Aves : Passeriformes : Muscicapidae : Copsychus : Copsychus saularis : Malacostraca : Decapoda : Palaemonidae : Macrobrachium : Macrobrachium malcolmsonii : Animalia : Cnidaria : Hydrozoa : Hydroida : Hydridae : Hydra : Hydra vulgaris  Av‡cj kvgyK Phylum : Mollusca Class Order Family Genus Species  mgy`ª Zviv Phylum : Echinodermata Class : Asteroidea Order : Phanerozonia Family : Astropectinidae Genus : Astropecten Species : Astropecten : Gastropoda : Mesogastropoda : Pilidae : Pila : Pila globosa : Arthropoda : Insecta : Pterygota : Orthoptera : Acrididae : Poekilocerus : Poekilocerus pictus euryacanthus  Bwjk gvQ Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species  Kz‡bve¨vO Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species : Chordata [RU. 2019-20] : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae : Labeo : Labeo rohita : Actinopterygii : Clupeiformes : Clupeidae : Tenualosa : Tenualosa ilisha [DU. 2019-20] : Chordata : Chordata : Mammalia : Primates : Amphibia : Anura : Bufonidae : Duttaphrynus : Duttaphrynus melanostictus : Hominidae : Homo : Homo sapiens  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES   g¨v‡jwiqv Kingdom : Protista Sub-Kingdom : Protozoa Phylum : Apicomplexa Class : Sporozoa Order : Haemosporidia Family : Plasmodiidae Genus : Plasmodium Species : P. vivax  wiKwkqv Kingdom : Plantae Grade : Bryophyta Division : Bryophyta Class : Hepaticopsida Order : Marchantiales Family : Ricciaceae Genus : Riccia  †Uwim Kingdom : Plantae Grade : Tracheophyta Division : Filicinophyta Class : Filicineae Order : Filicales Family : Polypodiaceae Genus : Pteris  k~K‡ii wdZvK…wg Phylum : Platyhelminthes Class : Cestoda Order : Cyclophyllidea Family : Taeniidae Genus : Taenia Species : Taenia solium  †fovi hK…Z K…wg Phylum : Platyhelminthes Class : Trematoda Order : Echinostomida Family : Fasciolidae Genus : Fasciola Species : Fasciola hepatica  †Ku‡PvK…wg ev †MvjK…wg Phylum : Nematoda Class : Phasmida Order : Ascarida Family : Ascaridae Genus : Ascaris Species : Ascaris lumbricoides  †RuvK Phylum : Annelida Class : Hirudinea Order : Gnathobdellida Family : Hirididae Genus : Hirudinaria Species : Hirudinaria manillensis  KuvKov Phylum : Arthropoda Class : Malacostraca Order : Decapoda Family : Portunidae Genus : Portunus Species : Portunus pelagicus g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 9  Avi‡kvjv Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species  wSbyK Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species  †Wwfj wdk Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species  mx j¨vg&‡cÖ Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species  nvOi Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species  UvwK gvQ Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species  wMwbwcM Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species : Arthropoda : Insecta : Dictyoptera : Blattidae : Periplaneta : Periplaneta americana : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Unionoida : Unionidae : Lamellidens : Lamellidens marginalis : Mollusca : Cephalopoda : Octopoda : Octopodidae : Octopus : Octopus macropus : Chordata : Petromyzontida : Petromyzontiformes : Petromyzontidae : Petromyzon : Petromyzon marinus : Chordata : Chondrichthyes : Carcharhiniformes : Carcharhinidae : Scoliodon : Scoliodon laticaudus : Chordata : Actinopterygii : Channiformes : Channidae : Channa : Channa punctatus : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Caviidae : Cavia : Cavia porcellus  ev`yo Phylum Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species : Chordata : Mammalia : Chiroptera : Pteropodidae : Pteropus : Pteropus giganteus  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

10  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES   †Rwjwdk Phylum : Cnidaria Class : Scyphozoa Order : Semaeostomae Family : Ulmaridae Genus : Aurelia Species : Aurelia aurita  Mj`v wPswo Phylum : Arthropoda Sub-Phylum : Crustacea Class : Malacostraca Order : Decapoda Family : Palaemonidae Genus : Macrobrachium Species : Macrobrachium rosenbergii  gv¸i Phylum : Chordata Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Siluriformes Family : Clariidae Genus : Clarias Species : Clarias batrachus  •K gvQ Phylum : Chordata Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Perciformes Family : Anabantidae Genus : Anabas Species : Anabas testudineus  †MvLiv Phylum : Chordata Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class : Reptila Order : Squamata Family : Elapidae Genus : Naja Species : Naja naja  KeyZi Phylum : Chordata Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class : Aves Order : Columbiformes Family : Columbidae Genus : Columba Species : Columba livia  cUKv gvQ Kingdom : Animal Phylum : Chordata Sub-Phylum : Vertebrata Class : Actinopterygii Order : Tetraodontiformes Family : Tetraodontidae Genus : Tetraodon Species : Tetraodon patoca g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY  Avg Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Magnoliopsida : Sapindales : Anacardiaceae : Mangifera : M. indica  KuvVvj Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species  avb Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species  bxj MvB Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Sub-family : Bovinae Genus Species  Nwoqvj Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species  wbg Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Magnoliopsida : Moraceae : Moraceae : Artocarpus : A. heterophyllus : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Liliopsida : Cyperales : Poaceae : Oryza : O. sativa : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Bovidae : Boselaphus : B. tragocamelus : Animalia : Chordata : Reptillia : Crocodilia : Gavialidae : Gavialis : G. gangteticus : Plantae : Magnoliophyta : Magnoliopsida : Geraiales : Meliaceae : Melia : M. azadirachta  Bu`yi Kingdom Phylum Sub Phylum : Vertebrata Class Order Family Genus Species : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Rodentia : Muridae : Rattus : Rattus rattus  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  Q‡›` Q‡›` wKQzÿY MAGIC-05: Q‡›` Q‡›` ev‡qvjwR g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 11 g‡b ivL mvivÿY ïf `„wó:Q‡›`-Avb‡›` _vK‡j gvby‡li ¯œvqyi mRxeZv †e‡o hvq| wbDi‡b `xN©ÿY Z_¨¸‡jv D¾xweZ _v‡K d‡j `xN©w`b g‡b _v‡K| eB‡Z †gvU 200 GiI †ewkQ›` I 150 GiI †ewk wUcm&& Av‡Q hv †Zvgvi Z_¨g~jK ÷vwW‡K MwZkxj Ki‡e| gyLgÛjxq Aw¯’ mg~n : Mnemonic : †fvjv gvgv Rvcv‡b Bb Q›` †fv jv gv gv Rv cv †b Bb Z_¨ †fvgvi j¨vwµgvj g¨vwÛej g¨vw·jv RvB‡Mvg¨vwUK c¨v‡jUvBb b¨vmvj Bbwdwiqi b¨vmvj K¼v nv‡Zi Kvc©vj Aw¯’ mg~n : Mnemonic : She looks too pretty; Try to catch her Q›` She Z_¨ ¯‥¨vd‡qW looks jy‡bU too pretty wcwmdg© Try to catch K¨vwc‡UU her n¨v‡gU UªvBKz‡qUªvj Uª¨v‡cwRqvg Uª¨v‡cR‡qW cv‡qi Uvm©vj Aw¯’ mg~n : Mnemonic : Kvj Zzwg bv Kvbœv KiwQ‡j Q›` Kvj Zzwg bv Kvbœv KiwQ‡j Z_¨ wKDe‡qW U¨vjvm †bwfKzjvi K¨vj‡Kwbqvm Kzwbdg© K‡ivwUKvi Aw¯’ mg~n : Mnemonic : dzcy Zzwg A`¨ G‡mQ Q›` dz cy Zzwg A`¨ G †mQ Z_¨ d«›Uvj c¨vivBUvj †Ug‡úvivj Aw·wcUvj G_g‡qW †ùb‡qW mvB‡bvwfqvj Aw¯’mwÜ : Mnemonic : †n wcÖqv †Kb G‡j mÜ¨v†ejvi c‡i Q›` †n wcÖqv †Kb G‡j mÜ¨v †ejvi c‡i Z_¨ wnÄ (Kâv) wcfU KÛvBj‡qW Bwjcm‡qW m¨vWj (wRb AvK…wZ) ej I †KvUi †cøb (mgZj) wSjøxwenxb †Kvlxq A½vbymg~n : Mnemonic : ivBmyj gvB‡µvevm †c‡qB wm‡j‡U wdij ivBmyj ivB‡ev‡Rvg gvB‡µvevm B wm‡j‡U †mw›UªIj Q›` †c‡q wdij  Z_¨ gvB‡µvwdjv‡g›U, gvB‡µvwUDweDjm †cÖvwU‡qv‡mvg B›UviwgwW‡qU wdjv‡g›U ürwc‡Ûi w¯’wZKvj : Mnemonic : AWvwm (871) Ges wbWvwm (853) A (8) Awj›` Wv (7) Wvqv‡÷vj wb (8) wbjq Wv (5) Wvqv‡÷vj Q›` wm (1) wm (3) Z_¨ wm‡÷vj wm‡÷vj mgq 0.8 †m†KÛ 0.7 †m†KÛ 0.1 †m†KÛ 0.8 †m†KÛ 0.5 †m†KÛ 0.3 †m†KÛ DNA fvBivm mg~n : Mnemonic :wUUz m¨vi nvwmg fvB‡qi wmwbqi, †fwi wUcm w`‡Z cv‡ib Q›` wUUz m¨vi nv - wmg fvB‡qi wmwbqi †fwi wUcm w`‡Z TIV T2 dvR fvBivm Z_¨ GwW‡bv nvwc©m wmg‡cø· f¨vKwmwbqv fvBivm f¨vwiIjv gvby‡li P¶z MÖwš’ : Mnemonic :nvgjv Q›` nv g jv Z_¨ nv‡W©wiqvb MÖwš  †g‡evwgqvb MÖwš  j¨vwµgvj MÖwš   ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

12  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  i³ RgvU euvavi cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`vb mg~n: Mnemonic : AbjvB‡b †mw`b cÖ_g KjwU wd« †c‡qwQjvg Q›` AbjvB‡b †mw`b cÖ _g g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY Kj wU wd« †c‡qwQjvg wUmy¨ wdweª‡bv‡Rb _ªw¤^b,_ª‡¤^vmvBU, †cÖv_ªw¤^b K¨vjwmqvg †cøBU‡jU Z_¨ AbyPwµKv †miv‡Uvwbb (Ca++) _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b dvBweª‡bv‡Rb, dvBweªb Prothrombin  A-wd-m = (Prothrombin, Platelet,Calcium,wUmy¨ _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b, AbyPwµKv, wdweª‡bv‡Rb,†miv‡Uvwbb) fvBivm evwnZ ev NwUZ †ivM mg~n: Mnemonic : evsjv‡`‡k Aew¯’Z wc.wR nvmcvZvj GKwU B›Uvib¨vkbvj gv‡binmwcUvj, wUcy m¨vi GLvbKvi Wv³vi Q›` evsjv‡`‡k Aew¯’Z wc (Platelet) Or PCT  wR nvmcvZvj GKwU B›Uvib¨vkbvj gv‡bi Z_¨ emšÍ AuvwPj †cvwjI, cxZR¡i RjvZ¼, RwÛm nvg, nvwc©m GBWm Bbd¬z‡qÄv gv¤úm, wg‡Rjm nmwcUvj wUcy m¨vi GLvb Kvi Wv³vi SARS[k¦mbZ‡š¿i †ivM] †ncvUvBwUm-G, we, wm av‡bi Uzs‡iv †ivM dzU GÛ gvD_ K¨vÝvi †W½y e¨vK‡Uwiqv evwnZ ev NwUZ †ivM mg~n: Mnemonic : UzKz wmK`vi wbD-gv‡K©‡U wWcR‡ji AvMgb †Ui †c‡j, ûU K‡i aŸsm hÁ Pvjvq Q›` Uz Kz wmK`vi wbD-gv‡K©‡U wWcR‡ji Av M gb Z_¨ UzÛz †ivM Kzô wmwdwjm wbD‡gvwbqv wWc‡_wiqv Avgvkq, AvbwWD‡j‡UW R¡i M‡bvwiqv †gwbbRvBwUm †Ui †c‡j ûU K‡i aŸsm hÁ Pvjvq UvBd‡qW, wU‡Ubvm †cøM ûwcs Kd ev Kvwk K‡jiv abyósKvi h²v bvg †`‡L gvQ g‡b bv n‡jI cÖK…Zc‡¶ gvQ Zv Rvbe GLb GKmv‡_: Mnemonic : W±i †Nvl m¨vi K¨vUwibv‡K cvBqv nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z evsjv ej‡ZwQ‡jb Q›` W±i †Nvl m¨vi K¨vU wibv‡K cvBqv nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z ev sjv ej‡ZwQ‡jb †Nvov mvKvi wdk, K¨vU wdk, KivZ cvBK gvQ, evUvid¬vB jvs wdk (dzmdzm Z_¨ WM wdk, Doy°z gvQ wiUv gvQ nvZzox nv½i gvQ ÷viwRqb wdk gvQ c¨vWj wdk wdk gvQ) Micro element/gvB‡µv‡g․j/†M․Y Dcv`vb (6wU): Mnemonic :KjKvZvq `v`ywR Zvgvbœv g¨vWvg‡K †evgv †g‡i‡Q Q›` KjKvZvq `v`y wR Zvgvbœv g¨vWvg‡K †evgv †g‡i‡Q †K¬vwib (Cl) `¯Ív/wRsK (Zn) Zvgv (Cu) gwje‡Wbvg (Mo) †evib (B) g¨v½vwbR (Mn) Z_¨  wcÖq wkÿv_©xiv ïay gvB‡µv †g․j¸‡jv Q‡›`i gva¨‡g fv‡jv K‡i g‡b ivL‡jB Pj‡e KviY GKUz wPšÍv K‡i gvB‡µv‡g․j 6 wU ev` w`‡jB g¨v‡µv‡g․j cvIqv hv‡e Bbkvjøvn| gvj‡fwm †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢`: Mnemonic : †gmIqv‡K†Xi KvR Q›` †g m †K †Xi Kv R Z_¨ †g¯ÍvcvU ¯ j cÙ †Kbvd-†g¯Ív cvU †Xuom Kvc©vm Zzjv Rev ATP-i msL¨v g‡b ivLvi mnR Dcvq: Mnemonic : Cydon For GOATS = 2401, 0626, 3236 Q›` C Z_¨ †µem Pµ F G O A T S A¨vwmUvBj †Kv-GB‡jKUªb cÖevnZš¿ (ETS) mevZ k¦mb 6 wU d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jmb MøvB‡KvjvBwmm AevZ k¦mb 24 wU 01 wU 06 wU 2 wU 32 wU 36 wU msL¨v cøvRgv †cÖvwUb (4 wU): Mnemonic : GAP File G A P File Q›` Z_¨ †MøvweDwjb A¨vjeywgb †cÖv_ªw¤^b wdweª‡bv‡Rb/dvBweª‡bv‡Rb  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  åƒYxq †g‡mvWvg© D™¢~Z Ask mg~n : Mnemonic : †Zvgvi wWI‡Wbv‡g j¤^v †c‡iK ms‡hvRb g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 13 Q›` †Zvgvi wWI †Wbv‡g j¤^v †c †i K ms †hv Rb Z_¨ BD‡÷wkqvb Wvwg©m †Ww›Ub jwmKvZš¿ †ckx wUmy¨ †iPbZš¿ K¼vj Zš¿ msenbZš¿ †hvRK Kjv Rbb Zš¿ (cÖRbb bvjx (ùv‡Zi) (i³) Zš¿) åƒYxq G‡ÛvWvg© D™¢~Z Ask mg~n : Mnemonic : KLbI KLbI R¡‡i AšÍ‡ii g‡a¨ Ah_v mskq Rv‡M| Q›` KLbI KLbI R¡‡i AšÍ‡ii g‡a¨ A h _v mskq Rv‡M Z_¨†iPb-Rbb Z‡š¿i wKQy AskAšÍt¯Íi (†c․wóKbvjx) ga¨K‡Y©i AveiY (KLbI KLbI)AMœ¨vkq hK…Z _vBi‡qW, _vBgvmk¦mbZš¿ åƒYxq G‡±vWvg© D™¢~Z Ask mg~n : Mnemonic : Gbvgy‡ji †Pv‡Li AcwUK¯œvqyi cvIqvi A‡bK| Q›` Gbvgy‡ji †Pv‡Li AcwUK ¯œvqyi cvIqvi A‡bK Z_¨ Gbv‡gj (ùv‡Zi), GwcWvg©vj Ask (Z¡‡Ki) †PvL (P¶z) Aj (mgMÖ) ¯œvqyZš¿ cvqyi AveiY AšÍtKY© gvbe‡`‡ni †Pv‡Li Aw¶‡Mvj‡Ki †Kvi‡qW Gi Ask mg~n : Mnemonic : CHIPS Q›` Ch I P S wmwjqvix ewW AvBwik wcDwcj mvm‡cÝix wjMv‡g›U Z_¨ e„°xq bvwjKv ev †ibvj bvwjKv ev †ibvj wUDweD‡ji Ask mg~n : Mnemonic : PHD Complet Q›` P H D Complet Proximal convoluted tubule Proximal=†Mvov‡`kxq Henle’s loop Distal convoluted tubule Distal= cÖvšÍxq Collecting tubule msMÖvnK bvwjKv Z_¨ A_© gvby‡li ¶z`ªv‡š¿i Ask mg~n : Mnemonic : DJ Bwjqvm D J Q›` Bwjqvm Z_¨ wWI‡Wbvg †RRybvg Bwjqvg gvby‡li e„n`v‡š¿i Ask mg~n: Mnemonic : wmKv‡g A¨v‡cwÛ· _v‡K Q›` wm Kv †g A¨v‡cwÛ· _v‡K Z_¨ wmKvg †Kvjb gjvkq ev †iKUvg GwU wmKv‡gi GKwU wbw®…q Ask hv‡ì wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K ev Av‡Q : Mnemonic : wjcv †k¦Z e¨v‡Oi wbD mvBb¨vcm †cj Q›` wj cv †k¦Z e¨v‡O i wb D mv Bb¨vc m †cj ¯œvqy m½x †ckx wj‡çvmvBU(Lymphosite) c¨v‡ibKvBgv †Kvl†k¦Z i³ KwYKv Z_¨ e¨vOiÿx‡KvlwbDibDU BivB‡_ªveøv÷ †Kvl †Kvl †Kvl (WBC) hv‡ì wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K bv ev bvB : Mnemonic : Aby cwiYZ Avimxi ¯Í‡bi cÖwZ AvK…ó | Q›` Aby cwiYZ Avi mxi ¯Í‡bi cÖ wZ AvK…ó mxfbj¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYxi †jvwnZ KwYKv (RBC) Platelet AbyPwµKv Avi‡kvjv Z_¨ cwiYZ mxf‡Kvl †Zjv‡cvKv Avw`‡Kvl hv‡ì†K¬v‡ivwdj _v‡K bv ev bvB : Mnemonic : Avwg I ev`j fvB bxjv m¨v‡ii cÖvBgvixi QvÎ Q›` Av wg ev`j fvB bxjv m¨v‡ii cÖvBgvixi QvÎ A¨vMvwiKvm, Avw`‡KvlwgDKi, gvkiæge¨vK‡Uwiqv, e¨v‡Oi QvZvfvBivmbxjvf meyR •kevjmvqv‡bv e¨vK‡Uwiqv†cwbwmwjqvgQÎvK Z_¨  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

14  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  hv‡`i cwienb Zš¿ _v‡K bv ev bvB : Mnemonic : Qq kZ AvgB cuPv g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY Q›` Qq kZ Av g B cuPv Z_¨ QÎvK •kevj A¨vMvwiKvm gm, wgDKi C÷ †cwbwmwjqvg gvZ…‡`n †_‡K †hmKj RxevYy Agiv ev cøv‡m›Uv ev wdUv‡m †h‡Z cv‡i: Mnemonic : gv- Avgiv nvwme GB †ejv Q›` gv- Avgiv nv wm e GB †ejv GBP.AvB.wf (HIV) Z_¨ gv †_‡K Agiv/cøv‡m›Uv/wdUvm nvg wmwdwjm MywUemšÍ I RjemšÍ iæ‡ejv C4-Dw™¢‡`i D`vniY/ C4-Pµ †`Lv hvq †hme Dw™¢‡`: Mnemonic: AuvwL gy»‡K wZbevi f~qv wPwV w`j AuvwL gy wZ b evi f~qv wPwV w`j AvL gy_vNvm wgjøvZ b‡UvkvK evRiv f~Æv wPbv `ye©vNvm/WvUv gvby‡li 12 †Rvov K‡ivwUK mœvqyi bvg: Mnemonic :OOO To To AFA Nygvq fMv †mvRv n‡q O O O To To A Q›` Z_¨ Olfactory Optic Occulomotor Trochlear Trigeminal Abducens F A Nygvq fMv †mvRv n‡q Facial Auditory Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory Hypoglossal gvbe‡`‡n 5 ai‡bi A¨vw›UewW cvIqv hvq : Mnemonic : GAMED Q›` G IgG A IgA M IgM E IgE D IgD Z_¨  Wvm©vj A¨vIU©vi kvLv mg~n : Mnemonic : Canned Soup Really Good In Pink Cups. Q›` C S R G I P C Sup. Mesenteric Artery Inf. Mesenteric Artery Common Iliac Artery Z_¨ Coeliac Artery Renal Artery Gonadal Artery Phrenic Artery  gvby‡li wj½RwoZ †ivMmg~n : Mnemonic : wngy iv‡Z †`kx `B-wdiwb †U÷ K‡i nvwc‡q coj| Q›` wngy iv‡Z †`kx `B Z_¨ wn‡gvwdwjqv ivZKvbv Wy‡kwb-gvmKz¨jvi wW÷ªwd Wvqv‡ewUm BbwmwcWvm Q›` wdiwb †U÷ K‡i nvwc‡q d«¨vRvBj X wmb‡Wªvg (Colour blindness) (jvj-meyR eY©vÜZv) Z_¨ †Uw÷Kyjvi †dwgbvB‡Rkb nvBcviUªvB‡Kvwmm jvB‡mv‡mvg †ewk cvIqv hvq †hLv‡b: Mnemonic:†k¦Z cÖvYxi e„° I A‡š¿ jvB‡mv‡mvg †ewk _v‡K| Q›` †k¦Z cÖvYx e„° A‡š¿ Z_¨ †k¦Z i³KwYKv mKj cÖvYx‡Kvl e„° †Kvl A‡š¿i AveiYx †Kvl wbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi MVb g‡b ivLvi Dcvq : Mnemonic:wPwb bvB‡Zv dviæK Q›` wPwb bvB‡Zv dviæK †c‡›UvR my¨Mvi (Sugar) bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em (Base) dm‡dvwiK GwmW (Phosphoric acid) Z_¨  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  A‡ci‡bi PviwU Ask g‡b ivLvi Dcvq : Mnemonic:†i¸jvi Acv‡iUi‡`i MVbMZ Dbœqb g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 15 Q›` †i¸jvi Acv‡iUi‡`i MVbMZ Dbœqb Regulator gene Operator gene Structural gene Promoter gene Z_¨ cvwb‡Z `ªeYxq Protein : Mnemonic:nvmy co‡Z Gj Q›` nvmy co‡Z Gj Z_¨ wn‡÷vb †cÖvUvwgb A¨vjeywgb Nvmdwos/ †Zjv‡cvKvi cÖ_g g¨vw·jvi Ask (5wU) Mnemonic :gvi‡j Kó jv‡M Q›` gvi‡j Kó jv‡M g¨vw·jvwi cví j¨vwmwbqv Kv‡W©v ÷vBc&m M¨vwjqv Z_¨ nvBWªvi Pjb (9 cÖKvi) Mnemonic :µgms‡KvPbfv‡e jywcs MøvBwWs Avi µwms K‡i cvwb‡Z bZ n‡q mgfv‡e †f‡m muvZvi KvU‡j †`‡ni ms‡KvPb I cÖmviY nq Q›` µgms‡KvPb fv‡e jywcs MøvBwWs Avi µwms K‡i cvwb‡Z bZ n‡q Z_¨ µgms‡KvPb jywcs MøvBwWs µwjs bZgyLx Pjb Q›` mgfv‡e †f‡m muvZvi KvU‡j †`‡ni ms‡KvPb I cÖmviY nq Z_¨ mgvimwës fvmv muvZvi †`‡ni ms‡KvPb I cÖmviY wj_vj wR‡bi cÖfve RwbZ †ivMmg~n : Mnemonic :wn‡ivBb cv‡kB _v‡K Q›` wn‡ivBb cv‡kB _v‡K Z_¨ wn‡gvwdwjqv Bbd¨v›UvBj A¨vgviwUK BwWIwm cv-wenxb evQzi BKw_Iwmm _¨vjv‡mwgqv µxcvi gyiMx cyiæl cÖRbbZ‡š¿i Ask (11wU) Mnemonic :†K †hb Møvm c‡o †¯‥vUvi w`‡q BDUv‡b© ïµev‡ii wcÖ †mwgbv‡ii g‡a¨ Avmj Q›` †K †hb Møvm c‡o †¯‥vUvi w`‡q BDUv‡b© Z_¨ KvIcvi Gi MÖwš  MøvÝ †cwbm cÖ‡÷U MÖwš  †¯…vUvg BD‡iUvi, BD‡i_ªv Q›` ïµev‡ii wcÖ †mwgbv‡ii g‡a¨ Avmj Z_¨ ïµvkq, fvmwWdv‡iÝ wcÖwcDm †mwgbvj †fwmKj g~Î_wj mevZ k¦mb cÖwµqvi avc (4wU) Mnemonic :MÖv‡g G‡m B‡jKkb Kie Q›` MÖv‡g G‡m B‡jKkb Kie A¨vwmUvBj CO-A m„wó B‡jKUªb UªvÝ‡cvU© wm‡÷g (ETS) Z_¨ MøvB‡KvjvBwmm †µem Pµ cøvRgv †cÖvwUb mg~n : Mnemonic :GbwRI MÖæc Avi wd‡i Avm‡ebv Q›` GbwRI MÖæc Avi wd‡i Avm‡ebv †MøvweDwjb (1,2,,) A¨vbwRI‡Ubwmb †cÖv_ªw¤^b dvBweª‡bv‡Rb A¨vjeywgb Z_¨ †cÖv‡dR- 1 Gi avcmg~n (5wU): Mnemonic :cvKv Wv‡j RvB‡MvwW Q›` cvKv Wv‡j RvB‡MvwW Z_¨ c¨vKvBwUb WvqvKvB‡bwmm †j‡ÞvwUb RvB‡MvwUb wW‡cøvwUb  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

16  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  Z‡_¨ Z‡_¨ wKQzÿY MAGIC-06: Z‡_¨ Z‡_ëv‡qvjwR g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY g‡b ivL mvivÿY ïf `„wó:Aa¨vqwfwËK †gvU 54wU Z_¨wfwËK QK Av‡Q| hv †Zvgv‡K GKmv‡_ cixÿvi Av‡M wiwfkb w`‡Z n‡e| Sample–01 gvbe‡`‡ni me©v‡c¶v †QvU-eo, AveiY Ges GKgvÎ welq mg~n : me‡P‡q eo/ me‡P‡q†QvU wel‡qi bvg me‡P‡q eo/ me‡P‡q†QvU wel‡qi bvg gvbe‡`‡ni mev©‡c¶v eo ev mbvj MÖwš  gvbe‡`‡ni jwmKv Z‡š¿i mev©‡c¶v eo MÖwš  hK…Z (Liver) cøxnv gvby‡li gw¯Í‡®‥i me‡P‡q eo Ask †m‡ieªvg gvbe‡`‡ni mev©‡c¶v eo K‡kiæKv KwU‡`kxq K‡kiæKv gvbe‡`‡ni me©v‡c¶v eo AšÍt¶iv MÖwš  _vBi‡qW gvbe‡`‡ni me©v‡c¶v mij I ¶z`ª ck©yKv 11 I 12Zg ck©yKv gvbe‡`‡ni mev©‡c¶v†QvU MÖwš  wcUzBUvix MÖwš  gvby‡li cðvr gw¯Í‡®‥i me‡P‡q eo Ask †m‡i‡ejvg gvbe‡`‡ni hK…‡Zi me‡P‡q eo LÛ Wvb LÛ gvbe‡`‡ni wbDwK¬qv‡mi mev©‡c¶v Nb Ask wbDwK¬Ijvm gvbe‡`‡ni `xN© lwói g‡Zv Aw¯  wdeyjv gvbe‡`‡ni mev©‡c¶v eo†k¦Z i³KwYKv, †QvU KwYKv g‡bvmvBU, AYyPwµKv gvbe‡`‡ni Aw¯ ‡Z mev©‡c¶v †ekx cwigv‡Y †h K¨vjwmqvg dm‡dU gvbe‡`‡ni nuv‡oi me‡P‡q k³ I KwVb Ask wb‡iUAw¯  Dcv`vbwU _v‡K gvbe‡`‡ni e„nËg A½Zš¿ AšÍt¶iv MÖwš  gvbe‡`‡ni mev©‡c¶v `xN©Zg †Kvl mœvqy †Kvl/ wbDib gvbe‡`‡ni mev©‡c¶v KwVbZg e¯‧ `vu‡Zi Gbv‡gj ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki Rivqyi me©v‡c¶v evB‡ii ¯Íi †cwi‡gwUªqvg gvbe‡`‡ni GKgvÎ bob¶g nv‡oi bvg g¨vwÛej ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki Rivqyi me©v‡c¶v wfZ‡ii ¯Íi G‡Ûv‡gwUªqvg gvby‡li gw¯Í‡®‥i me©v‡c¶v evB‡ii AveiY gvby‡li ürwc‡Ûi me©v‡c¶v evB‡ii AveiY gvby‡li agbx ev wkivi me©v‡c¶v evB‡ii AveiY gvby‡li Aw¶‡Mvj‡Ki me©v‡c¶v evB‡ii AveiY cyiæl gvby‡li †¶‡Î me©v‡c¶v ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ni‡gvb ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki/bvixi †¶‡Î me©v‡c¶v ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ni‡gvb gvbe‡`‡ni mev©‡c¶v my`„p Kjv Aw¯  Wyïv g¨vUvi gvbe‡`‡ni `xN©Zg †ckx mvi‡Uvwiqvm dvBeªvm †cwiKvwW©qvg gvbe‡`‡ni ¶z`ªZg †ckx †÷wcwWqvm wUDwbKv A¨vW‡fw›Uwmqv †¯‥¬iv (Sclera) †U‡÷v‡÷ib gvbe‡`‡n me‡P‡q †ekx wjçMÖwš  _v‡K Nv‡o gvbe‡`‡ni me©v‡c¶v eo mœvqy UªvB‡Rwgbvj mœvqy gvbe‡`‡ni me©v‡c¶v†QvU mœvqy Ajd¨v±ix mœvqy B‡÷ªv‡Rb Sample–02 RxeweÁv‡bi †KvbwU‡K wK ejv nq †Kv‡li cÖvY‡K›`ª ejv nq wbDwK¬qvm‡K i³ KwYKv •Zixi KviLvbv ejv nq Aw¯  †K gvB‡UvKwÛªqv G‡ÛvcøvRwgK RvwjKv †K Collar bone/Beauty bone ejv nq d¬zBW Ad jvBd ejv nq †Kv‡li cvIqvi nvDR/kw³Ni ejv nq K¬¨vwfKj †K †Kv‡li MvVwbK K¼vj ejv nq cvwb †K CycasDw™¢` wn‡gv‡Møvweb †K Rxe‡bi†f․Z wfwË ejv nq †cÖv‡UvcøvRg †K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq eskMwZi †f․Z wfwË ejv nq †µv‡gv‡Rvg †K iweb ûW AYy ejv nq †`‡ni ivmvqwbK evZ©v evnK /†Kv-AwW©‡bUi ni‡gvb †K gvbe †`‡ni AvYyex¶wbK ‣mwbK ejv nq †k¦Zi³KwYKv †K (Chemical massenger) ejv nq gvbe‡`‡ni j¨ve‡iUix ejv nq hK…Z †K i‡³i gva¨‡g wKiƒ‡c 1 AYy Kve©b WvBA·vBW m‡e©v”P evBKve©‡bU iƒ‡c cwievwnZ n‡Z cv‡i gvbe‡`‡ni QuvKbhš¿ ejv nq e„° †K gw¯Í‡®‥i †ciKhš¿ ejv nq _¨vjvgvm †K gvbe‡`‡ni ÔPumping machineÕ ejv nq Rxeb-mgy‡`ªi Kg©gyLi †cvZvkªq ejv nq gRNA†K cøvw÷W †K ürwcÛ‡K Dw™¢‡ì fvBiv‡mi eskMwZi evnK ejv nq hK…Z †K mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi hš¿cvwZ ejv nq Sample–03 wewfbœ wel‡qi RbK/cÖeZ©K/cÖ¯ÍveK/D™¢veK/cwiKíbvKvix/ DcjwäKvix 1. 2. 3. 4. A¨vwióUj A¨vwióUj RxeweÁv‡bi RbK cÖvYxweÁv‡bi RbK w_Id«v÷vm K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm Dw™¢`weÁv‡bi RbK AvaywbK U¨v‡·‡bvvwgK †evUvbx I RyIjwRi RbK 5. 6. 7. eskMwZ/ †R‡bwU·/ RxbZË¡/ mycÖRbb we`¨vi RbK †MÖMi †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj †kªYxKiY we`¨vi/ AvaywbK †kªbxweb¨vm we`¨vi RbK/D™¢veK K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm wØc` bvgKiY (Binomial Nomenclature) Gi cÖeZ©K- K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  8. wÎc` bvgKiY (Trinomial Nomenclature) Gi cÖeZ©K- 9. cÖvYx RM‡Zi †kªbxweb¨v‡mi cÖ_g cwiKíbvKvix 10. i‡³i wfwË‡Z cÖvYx RM‡Zi †kªbxweb¨vmKvix 11. e¨vK‡UwiIjwR I †cÖv‡UvRyIjwRi RbK 12. kvixiwe`¨vi RbK 13. AvaywbK åæYwe`¨vi RbK 14. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii RbK 15. †Uó wUDe †eexi (Test Tube Baby) RbK 16. Dw™¢` RM‡Zi AvaywbK †kªbxweb¨v‡mi RbK 17. AbyRxe/Rxevby we`¨vi (Microbiology) RbK 18. fvw·b/wUKvi (Vaccine) RbK 19. ev‡qvjwR (Biology) k‡ãi cÖeZ©K Sample–04 RxeweÁv‡bi wewfbœ gZev‡ì cÖeZ©K/cÖe³v/cÖ¯ÍveK/†NvlK- g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 17 †¯ø‡Mj A¨vwióUj A¨vwióUj wjE‡qb ûK DBwjqvg nv‡f© Kvj© Avb©÷ †eqvi nvevij¨vÛ ievU© wR.A¨vWIqvW©m gvi¸wjm wjE‡qb ûK GWIqvW© †Rbvi Ru¨v e¨vcwUó j¨vgvK©, gZvšÍ‡i Uª¨vwf‡ibvm (1801) gZev‡ì/g‡W‡ji bvg cÖeZ©K/cÖe³v/†NvlK gZev‡ì/g‡W‡ji bvg cÖeZ©K/cÖe³v/†NvlK ÔwW¤^vYy †_‡KB Rxe‡bi myÎcvZÕ gZev‡ì ÔcÖvK…wZK wbev©PbÕ gZev‡ì cÖeZ©K Pvj©m ievU© WviDBb DBwjqvg nv‡f© cÖeZ©K Ôc¨vb‡R‡bwmmÕ gZev‡ì cÖeZ©K Pvj©m ievU© WviDBb Ô†cÖv‡UvcøvRg Rxe‡bi †f․Z wfwËÕ-Dw³wU _gvm n¨v·jx A¨vWvgmb, j¨vgvK©, wW. Ry¨‡mv, ev‡qv‡R‡bwmm gZev‡ì cÖeZ©K jy&B cv¯‧i cÖvK…wZK †kªbxweb¨v‡mi cÖeZ©K wW. K¨vÛj, †eb_vg-ûKvi| ev‡qv‡R‡bwUK (Biogenetic Theory)Z‡Ë¡i cÖe³v DNA-Gi Wvej †nwj· g‡W‡ji cÖeZ©K/cÖ¯ÍveK ev‡qvM¨vm Drcv`‡bi Av`k© g‡Wj Kvj© Av‡b©÷ †eqvi IqvUmb I wµK (1953) Rxb gZev‡ì cÖeZ©K w¯ i‡Wvg g‡Wj T.H. Morgan Sample–05 RxeweÁv‡bi mg¯Í AcwUgvg / m‡ev©Ëg / myweavRbK ZvcgvÎv bvg ZvcgvÎv bvg ZvcgvÎv 22-350C 20Ñ450 C 10-250C 30-450C 35-400C 37-38C n¨vP-¯ø¨vK P‡µi (C4Dw™¢‡ì Rb¨) AcwUgvg ZvcgvÎv GbRvBg/Dr‡mP‡Ki AcwUgvg ZvcgvÎv mv‡jvKms‡køl‡bi m‡ev©Ëg ev AcwUgvg ZvcgvÎv k¦m‡bi Rb¨ myweavRbK ZvcgvÎv K¨vjwfb P‡µi (C3Dw™¢‡ì Rb¨) AcwUgvg ZvcgvÎv `ya wk‡í`B •Zwi‡Z Sample–06 Rxe weÁv‡bi wewfbœ GKK mg~n †Kvl (Cell) wbDib (Neuron) wbDib (Neuron) A¨vjwfIjvm(Alveolus) †jvweDj Rxe †`‡ni MvVwbK I Kvh©Kix GKK †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii ¶z`ªZg MvVwbK GKK gvB‡mwjm DNA wbDwK¬IUvBW ¯œvqyZ‡š¿i MvVwbK I Kvh©Kix GKK †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi MvVwbK GKK DNA Gi GKK hK…‡Zi MvVwbK I Kvh©Kix GKK gw¯Í‡®‥i MvVwbK I Kvh©Kix GKK dzmdz‡mi MvVwbK I Kvh©Kix GKK †ncv‡UvmvBU dzmdzm L‡Ûi dzmdzmxq Kvh©Kix GKK `„p Aw¯ i MVbg~jK GKK †K ejv nq n¨vfviwmqvb Zš¿ †cÖvwU‡bi gyj MvVwbK GKK A¨vgvB‡bv GwmW e„‡°i MvVwbK GKK †bd«b Sample–07 †µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi wewfbœ aiY/cÖK…wZ/MVb n¨vcø‡qW (n) n¨vcø‡qW (n) wWcø‡qW ( n wUªcø‡qW 2 ) wWcø‡qW ( n n¨vcø‡qW (n) n¨vcø‡qW (n) n¨vcø‡qW (n) n¨vcø‡qW (n) n¨vcø‡qW (n) n¨vcø‡qW (n) cÖvBgvix ¯úvg©v‡UvmvBU †¯úvi †m‡KÛvix ¯úvg©v‡UvmvBU Rbb ‡Kvl 2 ) 3 ( n ¯úvg©vwUW RvB‡MvU, †`n‡Kvl ) ïµvYy/¯úv©g ¸ßexRx /Ave„ZexRx Dw™¢‡ì mm¨ Kjv ev G‡Ûv¯úvg© n¨vcø‡qW (n) wWcø‡qW (2n) n¨vcø‡qW (n) ¯úvg©v‡Uv‡Rvqv bMœexRx Dw™¢‡ì mm¨ Kjv ev G‡Ûv¯úvg© wW¤^vYy/ Ifvg †cvjvi ewW †¯úv‡ivdvBwUK Dw™¢` M¨v‡g‡UvdvBU Dw™¢`  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

18  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  Sample–08 wewfbœ †Kvl/ MÖwš’/bvjx cvIqv hvq ev †Kv_vq _v‡K? g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY Me‡jU I †kvlY¶g †Kvl cvIqv hvq e„n`v‡š¿ †evg¨vÝ K¨vcmyj/ †Møv‡giæjvm/ e„°bvjx _v‡K e„° Polysiphonia g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxex mvBdb †Kvl/ UªvB‡Kveøv÷ jvjvMÖwš  mvdbvm© KYv mvU©jx I wjwWM †Kvl cvIqv hvq ïµvk‡q iæMx bvgK Awf‡¶c/wfjvB/c¨vivBwUb †Kvl cvIqv hvq cvK¯ jx‡Z gvó ‡Kvl /Kupffercell cvIqv hvq AvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨vbm _v‡K/cvIqv hvq hK…‡Z †mwgwb‡divm bvwjKv _v‡K ïµvk‡q AMœ¨vk‡q A¨v‡µv‡mvg cvIqv hvq ïµvYy M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš  _v‡K cvK¯ jx‡Z wn‡gvR‡qb g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxex †jvweDj/mvBbym‡qW/†K›`ªxq wkiv _v‡K hK…‡Z †cv‡WvmvBU †Kvl e„° Ø‡›Ø Ø‡›Ø wKQzÿY MAGIC-07: Ø‡›Ø Ø‡›Øev‡qvjwR g›` fzwj mvivÿY ïf `„wó:Z‡_ï Ø›Ø me©`vB wePwjZ welq| Z‡_ï Ø‡›ì †_‡K †ewi‡q Avm‡Z cÖ‡qvRb mwVK Z‡_ï wbf©yj Dc¯ vcbv| ZvB wbf©yj Dc¯ vcbvi Rb¨ Avgv‡ì GB ÿz`ª Av‡qvRb| 01.A¨v‡Wªbvj K‡U©· †_‡K wbtm„Z ni‡gvb:  Møy‡KvKwU©K‡qW  Møy‡KvKwU©K‡qW 02.†Pv‡Li cÖavb Ask 2wU:Aw¶‡MvjK  Avbylw½K Ask (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) †Pv‡Li cÖavb Ask 3wU: Aw¶‡MvjK Aw¶‡cwk  Aw¶cjøe 09.G ch©šÍ 60wU (AvRgj m¨vi)/ 50wU (nvmvb m¨vi) †m· wjsKW wRb cvIqv †M‡Q| wgbv‡i‡jvKwU©K‡qW (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) †m·/†h․b KwU©K‡qW(Ref: nvmvb+KvBqyg m¨vi) 10.cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb gZev‡ì †g․wjK wm×všÍ: eske„w×i D”Pnvi  Rxeb msMÖvg †hvM¨Z‡gi Rq eske„w×i D”Pnvi  Rxeb msMÖvg †hvM¨Z‡gi Rq cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb I bZzb cÖRvwZ m„wó (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi) 11.i‡³i ZvcgvÎv : 36-380 C : 36-370 C (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi ) 12.i‡³i cwigvY : †gvU IR‡bi 8% : †gvU IR‡bi 7-8% Lv`¨ I evm¯ v‡bi mxgve×Zv cwie„wËi Amxg ¶gZv cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) cÖvK…wZK m¤ú‡ì mxgve×Zv cÖKi‡bi Dcw¯ wZ (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) †Pv‡Li cÖavb Ask 4wU:  P¶z cjøe P¶y‡ckxP¶zMÖwš P¶z‡MvjK (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) 03.P¶z‡ckx 6wU: wgwWqvj †iKUvm mywcwiqi †iKUvm  mywcwiqi AewjK  Bbwdwiqi AewjK (Ref: AvRgj+nvmvb+Avjxg m¨vi) G‡›Uwiqi †i±vm †cv‡÷wiqi †i±vm mywcwiqi †i±vm Bbwdwiqi †i±vm  mywcwiqi AewjK  Bbwdwiqi AewjK (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) 04.P¶zMÖwš’ :3 ai‡bi  j¨vwµgvj/AkÖæMÖwš  nv‡W©wiqvb MÖwš  †g‡evwgqvb MÖwš   P¶zMÖwš’ : 5 ai‡bi  j¨vwµgvj/AkÖæMÖwš  †g‡evwgqvb/Uvimvj MÖwš  †gvj Gi MÖwš  nv‡W©wiqvb MÖwš  zeis Gi MÖwš  05. UªvwKqv 16-20wU (AvRgj m¨vi) / 15-20wU (Avjxg m¨vi) C AvK…wZi ZiæYvw¯  wb‡q MwVZ j¨vUvivj †iKUvm Bbwdwiqi †iKUvm (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) 13. cÖwZ NbwgwjwjUvi i‡³ cÖvq 5000-8000 wU wewfbœ ai‡bi †k¦ZKwYKv _v‡K (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) cÖwZ NbwgwjwjUvi i‡³ cÖvq 6000-8000 wU wewfbœ ai‡bi †k¦ZKwYKv _v‡K (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) cÖwZ NbwgwjwjUvi i‡³ cÖvq 4000-11000 wU wewfbœ ai‡bi †k¦ZKwYKv _v‡K (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) 14.wewfbœ KwYKvi msL¨v I Avqy®‥vj: KwbKvi bvgmsL¨v cÖwZ Nbwgwg i‡³ (Ref: AvRgj+Avjxg m¨vi) Avqy®‥vj 3000-6000 12 N›Uv †_‡K 3 w`b (Avjxg wbD‡Uªvwdj (Avjxg m¨vi) m¨vi) 24 w`b (KvBqyg m¨vi) BIwm‡bvwdj100-400 (Avjxg m¨vi) 150-300(KvBqyg m¨vi) 25-200 (Avjxg m¨vi) 3-5 w`b (Avjxg m¨vi) 8-12 w`b (KvBqyg m¨vi) (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) 9-18 gvm (Avjxg m¨vi) †e‡mvwdj 0-400 (KvBqyg m¨vi) 12-15 w`b (KvBqyg m¨vi) 100-700 (Avjxg m¨vi) 10-12 w`b (Avjxg m¨vi) 06.dzmdz‡mi 70-90 eM©wgUvi AvqZ‡b 700 wgwjqb (AvRgj m¨vi)/480 wgwjqb (KvBqyg m¨vi)/300 wgwjqb (Avjxg m¨vi) A¨vjwfIwj _v‡K | g‡bvmvBU 1500-2700 7-30 w`b (KvBqyg m¨vi) (KvBqyg m¨vi) 07.¯^vfvweK gvby‡li k¦mbnvi: 14-18 evi/wgwbU (AvRgj m¨vi) 1500-4000 100-120 w`b (Avjxg m¨vi) wj‡çvmvBU (Avjxg m¨vi) 2-3 w`b (KvBqyg m¨vi) 16-18 evi/wgwbU (Avjxg m¨vi) 5-10 w`b (AvRgj m¨vi) 08.i‡³ 65%(AvRgj m¨vi)/85% (Avjxg m¨vi)/40% Gi †ewk (KvBqyg m¨vi) CO2evBKve©‡bU †h․Miƒ‡c cwievwnZ nq| AbyPwµKv 3-10 w`b (nvmvb m¨vi) 2,50,000-5,00,000 2.5- 9 w`b (Avjxg m¨vi)  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  15.my¯  gvby‡li RxeÏkvq ¯úw›`Z nq M‡o 2600 wgwjqb evi (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) my¯  gvby‡li RxeÏkvq ¯úw›`Z nq M‡o 100000 evi (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) 16.jwmKvq †Kvlxq Dcv`vb: wj‡ùvmvBU (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi) jwmKvq †Kvlxq Dcv`vb: g‡bvmvBU (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) 17.¯¿x‡jv‡Ki wW¤^bvjxi ‣`N©¨: 10 †m.wg. (Ref: AvRgj+ nvmvb m¨vi) ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki wW¤^bvjxi ‣`N©¨: 12 †m.wg. (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) ¯¿x‡jv‡Ki wW¤^bvjxi ‣`N©¨: 10-12 †m.wg. (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) 18.GKevi iRtmªv‡ei mgq wbM©Z i‡³i cwigvY : 30-80 wgwjwjUvi (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi) : 30-40 wgwjwjUvi (Ref: AvRgj + Avjxg m¨vi) 19. ïµvYyi MVb :  g¯ÍK  MÖxev  ga¨LÛ †jR / d¬¨v‡Rjvg (Ref: nvmvb+KvBqyg m¨vi)  g¯ÍK  MÖxev †jR (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) 20. cÖwZwU ïµvkq 200-300 wU (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)/250wU (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) †jvweD‡j wef³ g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 19 27.Kve©b cigvYyi msL¨vi Dci wfwË K‡i g‡bvm¨vKvivBW‡K wbgœwjwLZfv‡M fvM Kiv hvq: AvRgj m¨vi nvmvb m¨vi gÛj m¨vi Uªv‡qvR †U‡UªvR †c‡›UvR †n‡·vR 28.Awj‡Mvm¨vKvivBW‡K Av`©ªwe‡kølY Ki‡j 3-10wU (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)/2-10wU (Ref: AvRgj + gÛj m¨vi) g‡bvm¨vKvivBW cvIqv hvq 29. `ªeYxqZvi Dci wfwË K‡i mij †cªvwUb‡K 7 fv‡M (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)/ 6 fv‡M (Ref: gÛj m¨vi) fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q 30.AvK…wZ Abymv‡i e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡K Pvifv‡M (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)/ 5 fv‡M (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi)/7 fv‡M (gÛj m¨vi) fvM Kiv hvq| 31.K°vm‡K cuvPfv‡M (nvmvb m¨vi)/6 fv‡M (AvRgj+gÛj m¨vi) fvM Kiv hvq| 32.†÷ªvgv‡Z Aew¯’Z cÖwZwU †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷ 40-60wU (nvmvb m¨vi)/10-100wU (gÛj m¨vi) MÖvbv _v‡K| Uªv‡qvR †U‡UªvR †c‡›UvR †n‡·vR †n‡ÞvR Uªv‡qvR†U‡UªvR †c‡›UvR †n‡K&ªvR †n‡ÞvR A‡±vR b‡bvR†W‡KvR 21.e„‡°i IRb: cyiæ‡li †¶‡Î: 150-170 gm 33.†KvlwSjøx‡Z Aew¯’Z †gg‡eªb †cÖvwUb 3 ai‡bi : Bw›UMÖvj †cÖvwUb †cwi‡divj †cÖvwUb wjwcW m¤ú„³ †cªvwUb (Ref: nvmvb+gÛj m¨vi) 34. †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi †f․Z MVb t †cwjKj  g¨vwUª· †µv‡gv‡bgv †m‡›Uªvwgqvi †m‡KÛvwi KyÂb m¨v‡UjvBU  Avg© ev evû †µv‡gvwgqvi (Ref: gÛj m¨vi) 35.†cm‡gKv‡ii cÖKvi‡f` t 3 ai‡bi GKcÖ‡Kvô †cm‡gKvi wØcÖ‡Kvô †cm‡gKvi wZb cÖ‡Kvô †cm‡gKvi (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) 36.gvbe åƒ‡Y mvi‡dKU¨v›U me©cÖ_g ¶ib nq 23 mßvn (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi)/22 mßvn (Ref: AvwReyi m¨vi) eq‡m| (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) (Ref: Avjxg m¨vi)  AšÍwb©wnZ †cÖvwUb  cÖvšÍxq †cÖvwUb  AvšÍtwSjjøx †cÖvwUb 125-170 gm 130-150gm 115-155 gm ¯¿x‡ì †¶‡Î: 22.g~Î_wj‡Z g~‡Îi cwigvY 280-320 ml(Ref: Avjxg m¨vi) 300-650 ml (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) Gi †ewk n‡j g~Î Z¨v‡Mi B”Qv nq| 23.g~Î m„wói avc:  AwZcwimªveb wbe©vPbg~jK cybt‡kvlY  mwµq ¶iY  AwZ cwimªeY g‡bvbxZ cybt‡kvlY mwµq †iPb bZzb c`v‡_©i Drcv`b (Ref: KvBqyg m¨vi) 24.QÎv‡Ki Rbb: A‡h․b Rbb †h․b Rbb  A½R Rbb A‡h․b Rbb †h․b Rbb 25.GKexRcÎx Dw™¢‡ì g~‡j fv¯‥zjvi evÛj 6 Gi AwaK (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)/ 5 Gi AwaK (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) †µvgvwUb †µvgvwUW †m‡›Uªvwgqvi  evû KvB‡b‡Uv‡Kvi†µv‡gvwgqvi †M․YKzÂb m¨v‡UjvBU †U‡jvwgqvi (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi) (Ref: AvRgj+nvmvb+Avjxg m¨vi) (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi) GKcÖ‡Kvô †cm‡gKvi wØcÖ‡Kvô †cm‡gKvi MwZ mvov`vqK †cm‡gKvi (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) (Ref: AvwReyi m¨vi) (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) 26.wØexRcÎx Dw™¢‡ì g~‡j fv¯‥zjvi evÛj 2-4 (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)/ 5 Gi Kg (Ref: AvRgj m¨vi) Q‡K AvwK gb MAGIC-08: Table-G Table-G ev‡qvjwR a‡i ivwL mvivÿY ïf `„wó:Aa¨vqwfwËK †gvU 70wU †Uwej Av‡Q| hv †Zvgv‡K GKmv‡_ cixÿvi Av‡M wiwfkb w`‡Z n‡e|   Table No-01:†K †`L‡Z †Kgb: bvg †Pnviv bvg ‡Pnviv d«›Uvj wSby‡Ki gZ ¯‥¨vcyjv wÎ‡KvYvKvi c¨vivBUvj PZz‡®‥vYv †cø‡Ui gZ wnD‡givm bjvKvi U AvK…wZi U/V AvK…wZi BUvwjK fA¶‡ii gZ nvBI‡qW c¨v‡Ujv wÎ‡KvYvKvi g¨vwÛej wdeyjv `xN© lwói gZ K¬¨vwfKj I‡j‡µbY dmv mv‡ci dYvi gZ  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

20  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES    Table No-02: BIOLOGY-i mg¯Í evB‡ii AveiY bvg AveiY g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY bvg AveiY cÖvYx †Kvl cøvRgv‡jgv ev cøvRgv‡gg‡eªb dzmdzm cøyïv wbDwK¬qvm wbDwK¬qvi †gg‡eªb wKWbx/e„° wUDwbKv dvB‡eªvmvbvgK K¨vcmyj/†cwi‡Uvwbqvg Aw¯  †cwiAwóqvg gw¯Í¯‥ †gwbb‡Rm ZiæYvw¯  †cwiKwÛªqvg †Kvl Mnei U‡bvcøv÷ †ckxKjv mvi‡Kv‡jgv Rivqy †cwi‡gwUªqvg †c․wóKbvjx †cwi‡Uvwbqvg ïµvkq †g‡mviwKqvg bvgK†cwi‡Uvwbqvg ürwcÛ †cwiKvwW©qvg wW¤^vkq †g‡mv‡fwiqvg bvgK †cwi‡Uvwbqvg   Table No-03: wewfbœ wRwb‡mi eY©/is I eY©KwbKv m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ K¨v‡ivwU‡bi eY© Kgjv †µv‡gvcøv÷ Gi eY© ( meyR e¨ZxZ) iw½b R¨v‡š vwd‡ji eY© njy` wjD‡Kvcøv÷ Gi eY© eb©nxb †K¬v‡ivwdj-b Gi eY© †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ weUvR¨vwš ‡bi eY© njy` bxjvf meyR weUvmvqvwb‡bi eY© †e¸wb, jvj-‡e¸bx meyR A¨v‡š vmvqvwb‡bi eY© jvj dvB‡Kvmvqvwb‡bi eY© bxj †K¬v‡ivwd‡ji eY© meyR dvB‡KvBwiw_ª‡bi eY© jvj jvB‡Kvwc‡bi eY© jvj wm-dvB‡Kvwiw_ªb Gi eY© jvj Bwi‡_ªvmvqvwb‡bi eY© jvj wdD‡KvR¨vwš ‡bi eY© ev`vgx •ewkó¨ me GKmv‡_ MAGIC-09: •ewk‡ó¨ •ewk‡ó¨ ev‡qvjRx ¯§iY ivwL wèviv‡Z ïf `„wó:Aa¨vqwfwËK †gvU 60wU •ewkó¨ Av‡Q| hv †Zvgv‡K GKmv‡_ cixÿvi Av‡M wiwfkb w`‡Z n‡e|  •ewkó¨ bs-01: †ckx Kjvi •ewkó¨:   †Kvl¸‡jv j¤^v myZvi gZ|  G‡Z my¯úó wbDwK¬qvm we`¨gvb|  †ckx Kjvi cÖvq 75% cvwb|  cÖwZwU †Kvl mvi‡Kv‡jgv bvgK wSwjø‡Z Ave„Z| Gi †fZ‡ii mvB‡UvcøvRg‡K mvi‡KvcøvRg e‡j|  •ewkó¨ bs-02: Chordata(KW©vUv) c‡e©i •ewkó¨:   w¯ wZ¯ vcK b‡UvKW© : c„ô ga¨‡iLv eivei `ÛvK…wZ I w¯ wZ¯ vcK b‡UvKW© we`¨gvb DbœZ cÖvwY‡ì c~Y©v½ Ae¯ vq Bnv †giæ`Û Øviv cÖwZ¯ vwcZ nq|   duvcv mœvqyi¾y : c„ô ga¨‡iLv eivei duvcv mœvqyi¾y Aew¯ Z| DbœZ cÖvwY‡ì mœvqyi¾ywU iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q gw¯Í¼ I mylygœvKvÛ MVb K‡i|   dzjKv iÜ« : Rxe‡bi †h †Kvb `kvq ev mvivRxeb Mjwe‡ji `yB cv‡k K‡qK †Rvov dzjKv iÜ« _v‡K|   i³msenb Zš¿ : i³ msenbZš¿ e× ai‡Yi (A_©vr i³ i³evwnKvi Af¨šÍ‡i_vwKqvB †`‡ni wewfbœ ¯ v‡b mÂvwjZ nq); G‡Z ü`wcÛ cv¤úhš¿ wnmv‡e KvR K‡i, i³‡Kv‡l wn‡gv‡Møvweb _v‡K|     k¦mb Zš¿: RjR cÖvwY‡Z dzjKv I ¯ jR cÖvwY‡Z mvaviYZ dzmdzm _v‡K| D`vniY: Labeo rohita (iæB gvQ), Bufo melanostictus(Kz‡bve¨vO)  •ewkó¨ bs-03: A¨vUjvm (1g mvifvBKvj) Gi •ewkó¨:   †`L‡Z wis AvK…wZi|   †`n ‡bB|   fvwU©eªvj †dviv‡gb eo|   ¯úvBbvm cÖ‡mm Abycw¯ Z|   `ywU AvP© we`¨gvb|   UªvÝfvm© cÖ‡mm eo AvK…wZi Ges †dviv‡gb hy³|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES   •ewkó¨ bs-04: A¨vw·m (2q mvifvBKvj) Gi •ewkó¨:   †`n msw¶ß|   wÎ‡KvYv I‡Wv‡›Uv‡qWcÖ‡mm we`¨gvb|   †cwWKj PIov I `„p|   j¨vwgbv cyiæ I `„p|   fvwU©eªvj †dviv‡gb eo (wKš‧ A¨vUjvm A‡c¶v †QvU)|   ¯úvBbvm cÖ‡mm wØLwÛZ|   GKgvÎ mvifvBKvj K‡kiæKv‡Z UªvÝfvm© †dviv‡gb we`¨vgvb| g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 21 G‡K Ac‡ii †f`v‡f` fzwj MAGIC-10: cv_©‡K¨ cv_©‡K¨ ev‡qvjRx mwVK Z_¨ gv_vq Zzwj ïf `„wó:Aa¨vqwfwËK †gvU 90wU cv_©K¨ Av‡Q| hv †Zvgv‡K GKmv‡_ cixÿvi Av‡M wiwfkb w`‡Z n‡e|  cv_©K¨ bs-01: Avw`‡Kvl I cÖK…Z‡Kvl-Gi cv_©K¨: Av‡jvP¨ welq †cÖvK¨vwiIwUK ev Avw`‡Kvl BDK¨vwiIwUK ev cÖK…Z‡Kvl AZ¨šÍ ¶z`ª (0.5-10m) A‡c¶vK…Z eo (10-100m) AvqZb mywbw`©ó wbDwK¬qvm †bB; DNAAYy _vK‡jI mywbw`©ó wbDwK¬qvi mywbw`©ó wbDwK¬qvm Av‡Q; wbDwK¬qvi †gg‡eªb, wbDwK¬Ijvm BZ¨vw` wbDwK¬qvm †gg‡eªb, wbDwK¬Ijvm BZ¨vw` Abycw¯ Z Dcw¯ Z mvB‡UvcøvR‡g wewfbœ ai‡bi A½vYy †hgb- gvB‡UvKwÛªqv, A½vYy ivB‡ev‡mvg QvovAb¨ †Kvb AveiYx‡ewóZ A½vYy †bB G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg, MjwM ewW BZ¨vw` i‡q‡Q †µv‡gv‡mvg Avw` cÖK…wZi| †Kej GKwU DNAAYy †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi †µv‡gv‡mvg mymsMwVZ| G‡Z DNA QvovI Ab¨vb¨ c`v_© h_v- †µv‡gv‡mvg KvR m¤úv`b K‡i| DNAAYy mvaviYZ e„ËvKvi †cÖvwUb, wjwcW cÖf„wZ Dcw¯ Z| DNA mvaviYZ m~ÎvKvi †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v GKwU gvÎ DNA AYy GKwU †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v me mgqB GKvwaK  cv_©K¨ bs-02: ZiæYvw¯’ I Aw¯’i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨: Zzjbxq •ewkó¨ ZiæYvw¯’ (†Kvgjvw¯’) Aw¯’ Ae¯ vb Aw¯ i ms‡hvM¯ ‡j, cï©Kvi †klcÖv‡šÍ, bvwmKv, KY©QÎ, ¯^ihš¿ cÖf„wZ ¯ v‡b †`‡ni AšÍtK¼vjiƒ‡c w¯ wZ¯ vcKZv w¯ wZ¯ vcK Aw¯ wZ¯ vcK g¨vwUª‡·i Dcv`vb KbwWªb bvgK Clr ¯^”Q I KwVb c`v‡_© MwVZ †Kvjv‡Rb Zš‧y w`‡q MwVZ Kjv †Kvl Kb‡Wªveøv÷ I Kb‡WªvmvBU Aw÷Ieøv÷, Aw÷ImvBU I Aw÷IK¬v÷  cv_©K¨ bs-03: agbx I wkivi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨: Zzjbvi welq agbx wkiv DrcwË I mgvwß ürwcÛ †_‡K ‣KwkKRvwjKv •KwkKRvwjKv †_‡K ürwcÛ cvj‡gvbvix agbx Qvov mevB O2mg„× i³ cwienb K‡i cvj‡gvbvix wkiv Qvov mevB CO2mg„× i³ cwienb K‡i i‡³i cÖK…wZ jy‡gb (Mnei) †QvU eo KcvwUKv KcvwUKv _v‡K bv †mwgjybvi KcvwUKvi g‡Zv KcvwUKv _v‡K Ae¯ vb cÖavbZ †`‡ni Mfxi As‡k we¯Í…Z _v‡K †`‡ni cwiwa As‡k we¯Í…Z _v‡K i‡³i eY© D¾¡j jvj Kvj‡P  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

22  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  KvQvKvwQ A_© MAGIC-11: cwifvlvq ev‡qvjwR g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY Lyu‡R †bB ¯^v_© †KvlwelqK eøv÷zjvi MnŸi wØwefvRb RxeR Blastic Blastocoel Binary Fission Biotic Blind-spot Blood Blood corpuscle Blood pressure Body Bone Bronchus Buccal cavity Brachial Branchial Brain Budding A Dì ARxe gy‡Li wecixZ †kvlY wm‡jvgwenxb gw¯Í®‥ wenxb Dc‡hvRb wm‡jvgwenxb ïµvYyi AMÖcÖvšÍ Awf‡hvRb †g`Kjv AšÍg~©Lx evwnKv Kzmygwenxb wWg †Rvoe× wRb †c․wóK dzmdz‡mi evqy MnŸi DfPi cÖvYx A½ms¯ vb ï½ m¤§yL¯  i³k~Y¨Zv RxevYy cÖwZ‡ivaK cvqy gnvagbx Dcv½ gvby‡li Aš¿_wj Dcvw½K Abdomen Abiotic Aboral Absorption Acoelomate Acrania Accomodation Acoelomata Acrosome Adaptation Adipose tissue Afferent Alecithal Allelomorphs Alimentary Alveolus Amphibian Anatomy Antenna Anterior Anaemia Antibody Anus Aorta Appendage Appendix Appendicular Aquatic Artery Arthropoda Assimilation Atlas Atrium Alternation of generation Asexual Auditory Auricle Autotroph Axial Axis AÜwe›`y i³ i³KwYKv i³Pvc †`n Aw¯  k¦mb bvjx gyLweei AMÖc` welqK dzjKv welqK gw¯Í®‥ gyKz‡jv`Mg C †Q`b ùvZ duvKv cÖ‡Kvô Kwâ welqK •KwkKRvwjKv ürwcÛ welqK gvsmvkx ür‡ckx †Kvgjw¯  MnŸi †Kvl Caninine teeth Capsule Carpal Capillaries Cardiac Carnivorous Cardiac muscle Cartilage Cavity Cell Cellular Cervical Cleavage Cloaca Coeliac Coelom Compound eye Contractile Coronary Cranium Cutaneous Cust Cycloid Cytoplasm Cytology RjR agbx mwÜc`x AvËxKiY cÖ_g Kv‡kiæKv ürwc‡Ûi Awj›` Rbyµg A‡h․b †Kvl welqK MÖxev‡`kxq we`xY©/we‡f`b AemviYx hK…Z-cvK¯ jx welqK cÖK…Z †`nMnŸi cyÄvw¶ m‡¼vPbkxj ürwcÛ kªeY m¤úK©xq ürwc‡Ûi Awj›` ¯^‡fvRx A¶xq K‡ivwUKv Z¡K AveiY/_wj †MvjvKvi mvB‡UvcøvRg A¶ B †Kvlwe`¨v †giæ`Û wØcvk¦©xq wcË wØwefvRb wØc` bvgKiY RxeweÁvb Dfwj½ Back bone Bilateral Bile Binary fission Binomial Biology Bisexual D ùvZ msµvšÍ wØ¯Íix Dental Diploblastic Dental formula Dermis `šÍ ms‡KZ Z¡Kxq  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  Diaphragm ga¨”Q`v/Wvqvd«vg Diastole ürwc‡Ûi cÖmviY Diffusion e¨vcb Digestion cwicvK Digit Av½yj Dioecious GKwjw½K Dissection e¨ve‡”Q` Dorsal c„ôxq E Ecdysis †Lvjm Z¨vM/wb‡g©vPb Ecology ev¯‧we`¨v Egestion gj ev eR©¨Z¨vM Ectoderm ewntZ¡K Ectoparasite ewntciRxex Embryo åY Endemic ¯ vbxq Endoderm AšÍtZ¡K Endocrine AšÍt¶iv Enteric Aš¿ m¤úwK©Z Environment cwi‡ek Enzyme Dr‡mPK Epidemic gnvgvix Epidermis ewntZ¡K Epiglottis DcwRnŸv Evolution weeZ©b Excretion †iPb Excreta †iPbeR©¨ Expiration wbtk¦vm External evwn¨K F Faeces gj/cvqLvbv Family cwievi Fat Pwe©/•Zj Fat bodies Pwe©e¯‧y Fauna cÖvwYK~j Flora Dw™¢`K~j Fertilization wb‡lK Femoral cðvrc` welqK Fertile De©i Flame cell wkLv‡Kvl Fore m¤§yL Fossil Rxevk¥ g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 23 cwicvK welqK Gastric Gonad Genetal Gall bladder Generation Germ cell Genesis Goiter Rbb A½ Rbb welqK wcË _wj Rby Rbb †Kvl m„wó nIqv MjMÛ H i³c~Y© †`nMnŸi Haemocoel Haemophilia Hermaphrodite Herpetolory Hibernation Histology Homologous Hepatic Host Hormone Hyper Hypo Habitat Helminth Herbivorous Holozoic Heredity Hybrid i³¶iY †ivM Dfwj½ mixm„cwe`¨v kxZwb`ªv Kjv¯ vbwe`¨v mgms¯  hK…Z welqK †cvlK cÖvYim †ekx/D”P/AwaK Kg/wbgœ/Aí evm¯ vb K…wgRvZxq Z…Y‡fvRx ci‡fvRx eskMwZ msKi I Z¡K Integument Intestine Irritability Inter Intra Incubation period Impulse Incisor teeth Insecta Ingestion Inheritance Inspiration Aš¿ DÏxcbv AvšÍt AšÍt myßve¯ v bvox¯ú›`b KZ©b `uvZ cZ½/†cvKv AšÍKiY eskMwZ cÖk¦vm G J Rbb‡Kvl M¨v÷ªyjv wRbZË¡ åƒY¯Íi dzjKv Gamete Gastrula Genetics Germ Layers Gill †Pvqvj Jaw Jaundice Joint Jugular RwÛm/cvÛy‡ivM mwÜ/hyMœ MÖxev welqK  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

24  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  K Kidney e„° L Labial †VuvU Lactation `y»¶iY Lacrimal AkÖæ Lacuna MnŸi/duvKv ¯ vb Larva jvf©v/ïKKxU Larynx ¯^ihš¿ Lethal gviY/g„Zz¨ Leukocyte †k¦Z i³KwYKv Ligual wRnŸv msµvšÍ Liver hK…Z Locomotion Pjb Longitudinal Aby‣`N©¨ Lungs dzmdzm Lymph jwmKv M Macro eo Marine mvgyw`ªK Matrix avÎ c`v_© Mammalia ¯Íb¨cvqx Mandible wbgœ †Pvqvj Maxilla DaŸ© †Pvqvj Membrane AveiYx/c`©v Metabolism wecvK Mesenchyme †g‡mbKvBg Metazoa eû‡Kvlx Meso gv‡Si Metamorphosis iƒcvšÍi Molar teeth †clY`uvZ Motor nerve AvÁvevnx mœvqy Microscopic AvYyex¶wYK Micro ¶z`ª Moulting †Lvjm Z¨vM Muscle †ckx Multiple fission eûwefvRb Mutualism wg‡_vRxexZv N Nasal bvwmKv welqK Nerve mœvqy Neural mœvqy welqK Neuron wbDib g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY bvgKiY Nomenclature Nucleus Nutrition Nymhp †K›`ªxKv cywó wbç O MÖvmbvjx Oesophagas Omnivorous Ontogeny Optic Opistho Opthalmic Oral Order Organ Organism Osmosis Osteology Otic Ovary Oviparous Ovoviviparous Ovum/Ova Organic me©f~K e¨vw³RwbK P¶z welqK wcQ‡b P¶z welqK †g․wLK eM© A½ Rxe AwfmªeY Aw¯ we`¨v Kvb welqK wW¤^vkq wW¤^vqyR wW¤^-RivhyR wW¤^vYy/wWg •Re P AMœ¨vkq Pancrase Parasite Pelvic Girdle Penis Pelvic Pectoral Peri/Para Pharynx Phenotype Physiology Phytology Pisces Pancreas Placenta Plasma Plexus Post Podium Posterior Pseudopodia Pulmonary ciRxex †kªvYxPµ wj½ †kªvYx/†Kvgi e¶/¯‥Ü cvk¦© Mjwej evwn¨K •ewkó¨ kvixiwe`¨v Dw™¢`weÁvb grm¨ AMœ¨vkq Agiv i³im RvjK/¸”Q cieZ©x c` cðvr ¶Yc` dzmdzm welqK  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  R g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 25 T MÖvnK A½ Receptor †kªYxweb¨vmwe`¨v Taxonomy Tentacle Testis Thorax Tissue Trachea Transeverse Trophic level Tagmatization Kwl©Kv cÖ”Qbœ Recessive ïµvkq gjvkq Rectum e¶ cÖwZeZ©x Reflex Kjv cybiærcwË Regeneration k¦vmbvjx e„°xq Renal wZh©K cÖRbb Reproduction cywó¯Íi cÖwZwjcb Replication AÂjvqb k¦mb Respiration U Rib ck©yKv GK‡Kvlx Unicllular Unisexual Unit Ureter Uterus Urine GKwj½ S GKK _wj Sac g~Îbvjx jvjv Saliva Rivqy jvjvMÖwš  Salivery Gland g~Î †kªYx welqK Sciatic V LÛvqb Segmentation MnŸi Vacuole Vagina Vascular Vector Vein Vertebrate Vestigeal organ Viviparous Visceral c`©v Septum †hvbx ms‡e`x Sensory cwienb exh© Semen evnK c„_KxKiY Segregation wkiv †giæ`Ûx †h․b Sexual jyßcÖvq A½ K¼vj Skeleton RivqyR K‡ivwU Skull bvoxfywo welqK †`n Soma ïµvYy Sperm W eR©¨ Waste Wisdom teeth White matter cÖRvwZ Species Av‡°j `uvZ cøxnv Spleen †k¦Z c`v_© myly¤œvKvÛ Spinal cord †MvjvKvi Spherical Y gvKz Spindle cxZ we›`y Yellow spot Yolk cvK¯ jx Stomach Kzmyg DÏxcbv Stimuli Z Dc/wb‡P/Aat Sub `kv Zoite Zone Zoology Zoon Zygote Zoo Dc‡i/Awa Supra AÂj NvgMÖwš  Sweat Gland cÖvYxweÁvb wg‡_vRxexZv Symbiosis cÖvYx wg‡_vRxex Symbiotic RvB‡MvU Symmetry cÖwZmvg¨Zv wPwoqvLvbv  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

26  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •eÁvwbK bvg MAGIC-12: •eÁvwbK bv‡g ev‡qvjwR g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY gyL¯’ Ki aygavg  Dw™¢‡ì ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •eÁvwbK bvg: cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg Oryza sativa Brassica oleracea Erianthus ravennae Cicer arietinum Curcuma domestica Cassia sophera Jesminum sambac Hibiscus rosa- senensis Gardenia jasmiides Syzygium cumini Tectona grandis Dipterocarpus turbinatus Albizia lebbect Melia azadirachta Cocos nucifera Borassus flabellifer Gmelina arborea Gossypium herbaceum Cinchona officinalis Nicotiana tabacum Camillia sinensis Bambusa bambos Heritiera fomes Xylocarpus granatum Excoecaria agallocha Acanthus ilicifolious Shoria robusta Cassia fistula Phyllanthus emblica Meyna spinosa Asparagus racemosus Swintonia floribunda Tetramelesnudiflora Mesua ferrea Saraca indica Alstonia scholers Artocarpus chapalasha Barringtonia acutangula Aphanamixis polystachya Artocarpus heterophyllus Calamus guruba Brassica oleracea Triticum aestivum Zingiber officinale Rafhanus sativus Cynodon dactylon Glycosmis arborea Rosa hybrida Lxora caccinea Citrus aurantifolia Albizia lucida Swietenia mahagoni Tamarindus indica Lichi chinensis Acacia nilotica Bombax ceiba Corchorus capsularis Areca catechu Coffia arabica Hevea brasilensis Calamus rotang Ceriops decandra Sonnerata apetala Nipa fructicans Rhizophora conjugata Terminalia arjuna Melia azadirachta Holarrhena antihysenterica Spondius pinnata Rauvolfia serpentina Gloriosa superba Diptarocarpus turbinatus Syzygium firmium Quercus spp Lannea coromandilica Sterculia villosa Pogamia pinnata Mangifera indica Schumannianthusdichotoma Phragmites karka Nymphaea pubescens Amoora cucullata Hibiscus tiliaceous Aldrovanada vesiculosa avb Mg evuavKwc Avu`v BKi g~jv †Qvjv `~ev©Nvm njy` Auvk †kIov KvjKvmy›`v †Mvjvc †ewj i½b Rev KvMwR †jey MÜivR wkj KoB Rvg †gnMwb †m¸b †ZuZyj MR©b wjPz wkixl evejv wbg wkgyj bvwi‡Kj cvU Zvuj mycvwi Mvgvix Kwd Kvcv©m Zzjv ivevi wm‡¼vbv †eZ ZvgvK Movb Pv †KuIov euvk †MvjcvZv my›ìx †eviv cïi AR©yb †MIqv wbg nvo‡MvRv KziwP kvj Avgov euvì jvwV ¯^c©MÜv AuvgjwK DjUPÛvj gb KvUv MR©b kZg~jx XvwK Rvg wmwfU evUbv P›`yj fvw` bv‡Mk¦i D`vj A‡kvK KiP QvwZg Avg Pvcvwjk cvwUcvZv wnRj bj LvMov cxZivR mv`v kvcjv KuvVvj Avgyi Rvwj‡eZ †evnvj dzjKwc gwjøKv SuvwS  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 27 cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg Rosa involucrata Xylocarpus moluccensis Acrostichum aureum Corepha taliera Knema bengalinsis Gnetum latifolium Cycas pectinata Aquilaria agallosa Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Pirus malus Acacia arabica Nerium indium Psidium guajava Clitoria ternatea Pisum sativum Abelmoschus esculentus Malvaviscus arboreus Allium sativum Lens culinaris Indian pea Pegeon pea Raphanus sativus Datura metel Licuala peltata Rotala simpliciuscula Andrographis paniculata Jesminum auriculatum Annona squamosa Calotropis procera Delonix regia Brassica napus Lablab purpureus Clotalaria incana Imperata cylindrica Thespesia populnea Allium cepa Aloe vera Vigna mugno Vigna radiata Sinapis alba Brassica rapa Solanum tuberosum Capsicum annuum Solanum lycopercicum Solanum melongna Knema bengalensis eb¨ †Mvjvc †Kviæ` ay›`yj †ivU¨vjv †nv‡`v ev UvBMvi dvb© Kv‡jv‡gN Zvwjcvg RyuB ÿy‡` eojv AvZv wbUvg AvK›` mvBKvm K…òPzov AvMi mwilv Rev wkg Av‡cj AZmx evejv DjyLi Kiex BwÛqvb wUDwjc †cqviv wcqvR AcivwRZv N„ZKzgvix gUiïwU gvmKjvB †Xuom gyMWvj gwiP dzj mwilv imyb mvjMg gmyi †Mvj Avjy †Lmvwi gwiP Aoni U‡g‡Uv g~jv †e¸b ayZziv ÿz‡` eojv cÖvwYi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© •eÁvwbK bvg: cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg Tenulosa ilisha Heliacentus leucogaster Pila globosa Periplaneta americana Octopus vulgaris Neoceratodus forsteri Gekko gecko Rana garoensis Ramanella minor Hoplobatrachus litoralis Zakerana asmati Asterias rubens Cucumaria fondosa Antidomn bifida Echinus esculentus Trionyx gangiticus Crocodylus porosus Culumba livis Corvus splendens Dinopium benghalensis Pangshura sylhetensis Batagur baska Nilssonia nigricans Bangarus fasciatus Euspongia offiicinalis Penaeus monodon Gallus gallus Nycticorux nycticorax Manis crassicaudata Pteropus gigantius Ophiura ophiura Spongilla locoutris Pinctada vulgaris Musca domestica Apis indica Cacatua alba Badis badis Pangasius pangasius Nandus nandus Homo sapiens Bwjk gvQ wm‡jwU KvwQg CMj eo KvBUªv Av‡cj kvgyK †ev¯Ívwg KvwQg Avi‡kvjv kw•Lbx A‡±vcvm ev_ ¯úÄ A‡÷ªwjqvb jvswdm evM`v wPswo ZÿK eb gyiwM Mv‡ov cvnvwo e¨vO eK RjcvB iOv e¨vO ebiæB DcK~jxq †mvbv e¨vO ev`yi evsjv‡`kx wSu wSu e¨vO weUj ÷vi mgy`ª Zviv wgwó cvwbi ¯úÄ mgy`ª kkv gy³v wSbyK mgy`ª wjwj gvwQ mgy`ª AwP©b †g․gvwQ K”Qc †k¦Z KvKvZzqv Kzwgi bvcwZ KB KeyZi cv½vm KvK †gwb KvV‡VvKiv gvbyl  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

28  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb ASPECT BIOLOGY cÖPwjZ bvg •eÁvwbK bvg Canis dingo Carcinus maenus Sylvilagus auduboni Taenia saginata Ascaris lumbricoides Wuchereia bancrofti Macrobrachium rosenbergii Hyla arboria Naja naja Cavia porcellus Chitala chitala Ompok pabda Bagarius bagarius Monoptirus cuchia Trichinella spiralis Haliastur indus Axis axis Passer domesticus Aurelia aurita Hirudo medicinalis Copcycus saularis Pipa pipa Panthera tigris Lemellidens marginalis Hemidactylus flaviviridis Psittacula cupatria Varanus komodoensis Oxya chinensis Calotes vercicolor Loa loa Macrognathus oral Channa barca Gudusia chapra Botia dario Rana denieli Hylarana tytleri Rana aciatica Alcedo atthis Gallua gallus Cirrhinus mrigala Culex pipiens Fasciola hepatica Schpstosoma mansoni Bombyx mori Labeo rohita Letimeria chalumnae Sarcogyps calvus Taenia solium Pennatuka aculeata Scypha gelatinosum Gorgonia ventalina Pennatula aculiata Aorichthys aor Channa orientalis Metaphire posthuma Pristis pactinata Siren lacertina Hydra vulgaris Sphyrna zygaena Ornithorhynchus anatinus Elephas maximus Ancylostoma daudenale Ambystoma tigrinum Labio fisheri Scoliodon sorrakowah Rana tigrina,Hoplobactrachus tigerinus Panthera leo Salamandra salamandra Eutropiichthys vacha Crocodylus palustris Elachistidon westermanni Varanus Flavescens Pavo muticus Catla catla Anabas testudineus Chikila fulleri Duttaphrynus melanostictus Batagur kachuga Gavialis gangeticus Delphinus capensis Balaenoptera musculus Papilio xuthus KzKzi gvQiv½v KuvKov gyiwM Li‡Mvm g„‡Mj gvQ Miæi wdZv K…wg gkv †Mvj K…wg †fovi hK…Z K…wg †Mv` †iv‡Mi K…wg i³ K…wg Mj`v wPswo †ikg †cvKv †M‡Qv e¨vO iyB gvQ †MvL‡iv mvc wmjvKvš  gvQ wMwbwcM kKzb wPZj k~K‡ii wdZvK…wg cve`v mgy`ª cvjK evNvBo mvBKb Kz‡P mgy`ª cvLv PveyK K…wg mgy`ª Kjg wPj AvBi wPZj ev ¯ú‡UW nwiY ivMv gvQ Po–B †Ku‡Pv †Rwjwdk ev A‡iwjqv KivZ gvQ †RuvK mvB‡ib †`v‡qj nvBWªv RjR e¨vO nvZzwi nvOi evN nsmPÂz cøvwUcvm wSbyK nvwZ wUKwUwK ûK Iqvg© wUqv UvBMvi m¨vjvgvÛvi ¸B mvc meyR iæB Nvm dwos mvaviY nvOi wMiwMwU †mvbv e¨vO †Pv‡Li K…wg wmsn Zviv evBb m¨vjvgvÛvi wZjv †kvj evPv Pvwcjv wgVv cvwbi Kzwgi ivbx gvQ wWg †L‡Kv mvc W¨vwb‡qj Gi e¨vO nj‡`¸B jvdv‡bv e¨vO ewg© gq~i †Kvjv e¨vO KvZjv gvQ evW©‡gv‡ii miæ gy‡Lv e¨vO Microhyla berdmorei †mvbv e¨vO KB gvQ Haplobatrachus litoralis Rhacophorus fergusonil Struthio camilus Draco volans Duttaphrynus melanostictus Echinococcus granulosus Nereis pelagica wPwKjv †M‡Qv e¨vO Kz‡bv e¨vO DU cvwL KvwQg DošÍ wUKwUwK Nwoqvj Kz‡bv e¨vO Wjwdb KzKz‡ii wdZv K…wg wZgx (bxj wZwg) †bwim cÖRvcwZ  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  eB AW©vi Ki‡Z... g¨vwRK¨vj †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb 29 Kzwiqvi: 01856466200 AbjvBb: rokomari.com fwZ© msµvšÍ †h‡Kvb civgk© †c‡Z Page : facebook.com/Aspectadmission Group : facebook.com/groups/admission & academic blog e-mail : aspectseries@gmail.com web : www.networkcareerbd.com Mobile : 01856 466 200, 01916 198 225 Avm‡c± wmwiR cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  †cv÷‡gv‡U©g mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY 29 cÖ‡kœi †Mvcb inm¨!!! `„wó AvKl©Y mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq I †gwW‡Kj cÖ‡kœi LywUbvwU Aa¨vqwfwËK QvovI ïiæ‡ZB Zz‡j aiv n‡jv hv‡Z †Zvgiv mn‡RB aviYv cov ïiæ Kivi Av‡M Rvb‡Z n‡e fwZ© cÖ‡kœi c¨vUvb©- eyS‡Z n‡e cÖ‡kœi MwZ-cÖK…wZ A_©vr wK ÷vB‡j cÖkœ nq| †mRb¨ wb‡Z cv‡iv| Ab¨vb¨ wek¦we`¨vjq, weÁvb I cÖhyw³, †gwW‡Kj Ges †W›Uv‡ji cÖkœ Aa¨vqwfwËK e¨vL¨v cÖ`vb QvovI eB‡qi †k‡l GKmv‡_ †Ìqv Av‡Q|†Zvgiv hLb †h wek¦we`¨vjq cixÿv w`‡e ïiæ‡ZB †m wek¦we`¨vj‡qi cÖkœ †kl Ask †_‡K †`‡L wb‡e| XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq c~Y©gvb: 120 cÖ_g el© ¯œvZK (m¤§vb) †kÖwYi fwZ© cix¶v 2019-2020 [K - BDwbU] mgq: 1.30 wgwbU cixÿv_©x‡ì cÖwZ wb‡`©kvewj 01. K-BDwbU fwZ© cixÿv `yB As‡k wef³: MCQ Ask I wjwLZ Ask| MCQAs‡ki DË‡ii Rb¨ OMRwkU Ges wjwLZ As‡ki DË‡ii Rb¨ Avjv`v DËicÎ mieivn Kiv n‡q‡Q| 02. cixÿv_©x wb‡R cÖkœc‡Îi †fZi †_‡K DËicÎ (OMRwkU) †ei Ki‡e| OMRwk‡Ui Dcwifv‡M cÖ‡ekcÎ Abyhvqx Bs‡iwR eo nv‡Zi Aÿ‡i wb‡Ri bvg, wcZv I gvZvi bvg wjL‡Z n‡e Ges ¯^vÿi Ki‡Z n‡e| cixÿv_©x‡K evsjvq †ivj I wmwiqvj b¤î wj‡L mswkøó e„Ë c~iY Ki‡Z n‡e| wjwLZ cixÿvi DËi c‡Îi Dc‡ii As‡k wb‡Ri bvg, †ivj b¤î I wmwiqvj b¤î ¯úó K‡i wjL‡Z n‡e| 03. MCQAs‡ki cÖkœc‡Î cÖ‡Z¨K cÖ‡kœi PviwU DËi †Ìqv Av‡Q| mwVK DËi †e‡Q wb‡q DËic‡Îi (OMRwkU) mswkøó Ni Kv‡jv Kvwji ej‡cb w`‡q m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c fivU Ki‡Z n‡e| G As‡ki DË‡ii Rb¨ m‡e©v”P 50 wgwbU wba©vwiZ Av‡Q| 50 wgwbU Gi c~‡e© G As‡ki DËi †kl n‡j OMR wkU Rgv w`‡q wjwLZ As‡ki DËi ïiæ Ki‡Z cvi‡e| 04. MCQAs‡ki †gvU b¤î 75| cÖwZ wel‡q 15wU K‡i DËi w`‡Z n‡e| cÖwZ cÖ‡kœi b¤î 1.25| cÖwZwU fzj DË‡ii Rb¨ 0.25 b¤î KvUv hv‡e Ges Zv welqwfwËK mgš^q Kiv n‡e| 05. GKB cÖ‡kœi DË‡ii Rb¨ GKvwaK e„Ë c~iY MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| 06. Calculator eënvi Kiv hv‡e bv| cÖkœc‡Îi duvKv RvqMvq cÖ‡qvRb‡ev‡a CalculationKiv hv‡e| 07. wjwLZ As‡ki †gvU b¤î 45| wjwLZ As‡ki DË‡ii Rb¨ mieivnK…Z DËic‡Îi wba©vwiZ ¯ vb eënvi Ki‡e| 08. MCQAs‡k †h mKj welq DËi w`‡e †m mKj wel‡q wjwLZ As‡ki DËi cÖ`vb eva¨Zvg~jK| 09. cÖkœcÎ †diZ †Ìqvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB| cixÿv_©x‡ì we‡klfv‡e jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e K) mvaviYfv‡e cixÿv_©x‡ì Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics Ges BiologyGB PviwU wel‡qiB MCQGes wjwLZ As‡ki DËi w`‡Z n‡e| Z‡e GBme wel‡qi g‡a¨ Physics I Chemistry eva¨Zvg~jK| L) Mathematics Ges Biology D”P gva¨wgK A_ev mggvb ch©v‡q Aa¨qb Kiv m‡Ë¡I †KD B”Qv Ki‡j ïaygvÎ PZz_© wel‡qi cwie‡Z© Bangla A_ev Englishwel‡q cixÿv w`‡q PviwU welq c~iY Ki‡e| M) A-Levelch©v‡q Aa¨qbK…Z cixÿv_©x c`v_©weÁvb I imvqbmn Ab¨ (MwYZ/RxeweÁvb/evsjv/Bs‡iwR wel‡qi g‡a¨) †h †Kvb `ywU wel‡q cixÿv w`‡q PviwU welq c~Y© Ki‡e| N) PviwUi AwaK wel‡q DËi Ki‡j DËicÎ g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e bv| O) cixÿvq †h †Kv‡bv iKg Am`ycvq Aej¤^b ev Aej¤^‡bi †Póv Ki‡j cixÿv_©x‡K ewn®‥vi Kiv n‡e Ges Zvi cixÿv evwZj e‡j MY¨ n‡e| P) †gvevBj †dvb A_ev †h †Kv‡bv ai‡bi Electronic device wb‡q cixÿvi n‡j cÖ‡ek m¤ú~Y© wbwl× Ges †KD hw` Z_¨ †Mvcb K‡i Gme device m‡½ iv‡L Zv cixÿvq Am`ycvq Aej¤^b wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv n‡e| AevK mvdj¨ G eQi XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq fwZ© cixÿvq ASPECT BIOLOGY†_‡K mivmwi 90%Gi AwaK cÖkœ ûeû Ges evwK 10%cÖkœ mv`„k¨ ev c¨vivjvwj Kgb c‡o‡Q| [we¯ÍvwiZ Aci c„ôvq cÖgvYmn †Ìqv n‡jv]  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

30  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  BIOLOGY Per MCQ 1.25   mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY ASPECT BIOLOGY MARKS 15 1.25=18.75 MCQ PART   01. cwbi •Zwi‡Z eëüZ GbRvB‡gi bvg  A. †cKwUb B. †iwbb C. K¨vUv‡jR D. †c‡cBb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi:B.†iwbb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 70 †Kvl imvqb GbRvB‡gi eënvi ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: GbRvB‡gi eënvi: †iwbb :`y‡ai bbx‡K RgvU euva‡Z mnvqZv K‡i, hv †_‡K c‡i cwbi •Zwi nq| †cKwUb :d‡ji im •ZwiKv‡j †cKwUb GbRvBg eënvi Ki‡j i‡mi †Nvjv‡U Ae¯ v †K‡U hvq Ges im cwi®‥vi I ¯^v`hy³ nq| K¨vUv‡jR :nvB‡Wªv‡Rb cviA·vBW‡K †f‡½ cvwb I Aw·‡Rb Drcbœ K‡i| †c‡cBb :†c‡cBb, †ccwmb, A¨vgvB‡jR GbRvBg nR‡g mvnvh¨ K‡i| 02. †KvbwUi cwienbZš¿Av‡Q wKš‘ dzj nq bv? A. _¨v‡jvdvBUv B. eªv‡qvdvBUv C.†Uwi‡WvdvBUv cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: C. †Uwi‡WvdvBUv D. ¯úvg©v‡UvdvBUv cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 114 eªv‡qvdvBUv I †Uwi‡WvdvBUv •ewkó¨ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:_¨v‡jvdvBUv (•kevj I QÎvK) I eªv‡qvdvBUvi (gm©eM©xq Dw™¢‡`) cwienbZš¿ †bB| †Uwi‡WvdvBUvi cwienbZš¿ Av‡Q| Giv mevB Acy®úK Dw™¢`, A_©vr G‡ì dzj nq bv| 03. Poaceae †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢‡ì dj‡K ejv nq  A. †ewi B. K¨vwiAcwmm cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. cW D. K¨vcmyj cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: B. K¨vwiAcwmm cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 126 bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx GKexRcÎx I wØexRcÎx Dw™¢` ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: Poaceae †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢‡ì dj‡K ejv nq K¨vwiAcwmm Ges Malvaceae †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢‡ì dj‡K ejv nq K¨vcwmDj, KL‡bv †ewi A_ev mvB‡RvKvc©| 04. †KvbwU cÎSiv Dw™¢`? A. Pongamia pinnata B. Heritiera fomes cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. Shorea robusta cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. Ceriops decandra cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: C. Shorea robusta †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! Rx‡ei cwi‡ek, we¯Ívi I 190, MAT 2 bs cÖkœ Awf‡hvRb c¨vivjvj msiÿY mwVK DË‡ii KviY: Shorea robusta-kvj, hv GKwU cÎSiv Dw™¢`| Ceriops decandra(Mivb), Heritiera fomes(my›ìx) g¨vb‡MÖvf Dw™¢` Ges Pongamia pinnata(KiP MvQ) n‡”Q wPimeyR Dw™¢`| 05. gvbe wR‡bv‡g ÿviK-hyM‡ji msL¨v  A. 3 wgwjqb B. 30 wgwjqb C. 300 wgwjqb cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. 3000 wgwjqb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: D. 3000 wgwjqb †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 181, JU 2bs cÖkœ Rxe cÖhyw³ wR‡bvg m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ c¨vivjvj mwVK DË‡ii KviY:K‡qKwU Rx‡ei wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs Z_¨ Rx‡ei bvg †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v wRbmsL¨v ÿvi‡Rvo E.coli Haemophilus influenzae Yeast Arabidopsis thaliana(cy®úK Dw™¢`) gvbyl 1 3200 4.6 wgwjqb 1 1700 1.8 wgwjqb 16 6000 12.1 wgwjqb 10 25000 100 wgwjqb 46 25000 3.2 wewjqb  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  06. †Kvb Dw™¢`wU evsjv‡`‡k wejyß cÖvq? A.Pteris vittata B. Podocarpus nerifolia C. Cycas revoluta D. Nerium indicum cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY 31 mwVK DËi: B. Podocarpus nerifolia cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q 195, CU 38bs cÖkœ Rx‡ei cwi‡ek, we¯Ívi I evsjv‡`‡ki ebvÂj ûeû cÖkœ inm¨ !!! msiÿY mwVK DË‡ii KviY: evsjv‡`‡k wZb cÖKvibMœexRxDw™¢` wejyß cÖvq: 1. Podocarpus nerifolia 2. Cycas pectinata 3. Gnetum funiculare 07. †Kvb A¨vgvB‡bv Gwm‡Wi Rb¨ 4wU †KvW i‡q‡Q? A. wjDwmb cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K B. f¨vwjb C. AviwRwbb D. wUªc‡Uv‡db cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: B. f¨vwjb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 46 †Kvl I Gi MVb wRb I †R‡bwUK †KvW c¨vivjvj mwVK DË‡ii KviY:wUªc‡Uv‡d‡bi Rb¨ GKwU, wjDwmb I AviwRwb‡bi Gi Rb¨ QqwU Ges f¨vwjb I A¨vjvwb‡bi Rb¨ PviwU †KvW i‡q‡Q| 08. †Kvb A½vYy‡Z Aw·‡mvg †`Lv hvq? A. gvB‡UvKwÛªqv B. wbDwK¬qvm C. ivB‡ev‡mvg D. jvB‡mv‡mvg cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: A. gvB‡UvKwÛªqv cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡KKgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 33 †Kvl I Gi MVb gvB‡UvKwÛªqv ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: Aw·‡mvg gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi GKwU Ask, hv AšÍtAveiYxi AšÍM©v‡Î AwZ m~² AmsL¨ `vbv AvKv‡i †j‡M _v‡K GwUe„šÍK ev Ae„šÍK n‡Z cv‡i| 09. †Kvb †kÖYx‡Z cøvK‡qW AvuBk i‡q‡Q? A. ZvivgvQ C. KBgvQ B. nv½i D. KvZj gvQ cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: B. nv½i cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q 205 cÖkœ inm¨ !!! cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I KW©vUv c‡e©i we¯ÍvwiZ ûeû †kÖYxweb¨vm mwVK DË‡ii KviY:wewfbœ cÖKvi AuvBk: AuvBk D`vniY cøvK‡qW nvOi, †¯‥U, k•L gvQ M¨vb‡qW wewPi, †evwdb, Mvim wUb‡qW KB, †gwb, †Kvivj mvBK¬‡qW iæB, KvZjv, g„‡Mj 10. †Kvb ni‡gv‡bi Drm wcUzBUvwi MÖwš’ bq? A. †cÖvj¨vw±b B. †cÖv‡R‡÷ib cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. f¨v‡mv‡cÖwmb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. Aw·‡Uvwmb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: B. †cÖv‡R‡÷ib †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 319 mgš^q I wbqš¿Y MÖwš  I ni‡gvb ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:wcUzBUvix MÖwš’i wbtm„Z ni‡gvb: i. AMÖfvM :e„w×‡cvlK ni‡gvb (STH),_vBi‡qW DÏxcK ni‡gvb (TSH),jywUbvBwRs ni‡gvb (LH),dwjKj DÏxcK ni‡gvb (FSH), †cÖvj¨vKwUb (PRL), A¨v‡Wª‡bvKwU©‡KvUªwcK ni‡gvb (ACTH) ii. ga¨fvM :†gjv‡bvmvBU DÏxcK ni‡gvb (MSH) iii. cðv`fvM :A¨vw›U WvB-BD‡iwUK ni‡gvb (ADH)ev f¨v‡mv‡cÖwmb,Aw·‡Uvwmb B‡÷ªv‡Rb I †cÖv‡R‡÷ib wW¤^vkq †_‡K wbtm„Z nq|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

32  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  11. wkLv‡Kvl †h c‡e©i •ewkó¨  A. Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv B. A¨vwbwjWv C. gjv¯‥v cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY ASPECT BIOLOGY D. cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: D. cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m Gi •ewkó¨ I cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 204 ûeû †kÖwYweb¨vm D`vniY mwVK DË‡ii KviY:cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m Gi •ewkó¨: i. A¨vwm‡jv‡gU; ii. †PvlK ev ûK; iii. †iPbZš¿ kvLv-cÖkvLv hy³ †iPbbvwj I wkLv †Kvl (Flame cell)w`‡q MwVZ|iv. AwaKvsk ciRxex Ges A‡bK ai‡bi jvf©v `kv we`¨gvb| 12. gvby‡li gw¯Í®‹ I myly®§vKv‡Ði AveiY †KvbwU? A. †gwbb‡Rm B. †cwi‡Uvwbqvg cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. †cwiKvwW©qvg cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. wbD‡ivKvwW©qvg cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: A. †gwbb‡Rm †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 308 mgš^q I wbqš¿Y gw¯Í‡®‥i Dcv`vb ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:mgMÖ gw¯Í®‥ I myly®§vKvÐ GKwU `„p I gReyZ Avei‡Y Ave„Z _v‡K| G‡K †gwbb‡Rm (meninges)e‡j| †gwbb‡Rm 3wU Zš‧gq wSwjø wb‡q MwVZ h_vÑ evB‡ii Wzïvg¨vUvi, gaëZx© A¨vivKb‡qW g¨vUvi Ges wfZ‡ii cvqv g¨vUvi| †gwbb‡R‡mi msµgY‡K †gwbbRvBwUm e‡j| †cwi‡Uvwbqvg:wm‡jv‡gi evB‡ii AveiY| †cwiKvwW©qvg:ürwc‡Ði evB‡ii AveiY| 13. A¨v‡Wªbvj MÖwš’ †_‡K †Kvb ni‡gvb wbtm„Z nq? A. Møy‡KvKwU©K‡qW B. †Mvbv‡WvUªwcb cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. c¨viv_i‡gvb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. K¨vjwmUwbb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: A. Møy‡KvKwU©K‡qW †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 319 mgš^q I wbqš¿Y MÖwš  I ni‡gvb ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:A¨v‡Wªbvj †_‡K wbtm„Z ni‡gvb: i.K‡U©·:Møy‡KvKwU©K‡qW, wgbv‡i‡jvKwU©K‡qW ii.†gWzjv:A¨v‡Wªbvwjb, bi-A¨v‡Wªbvwjb †Mvbv‡WvUªwcb :GKai‡bi MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb cwj‡ccUvBW hv m¤§yL wcUzBUvixi †Mvbv‡Wv‡Uªvc †Kvl †_‡K wbtmiY nq (dwjKj DÏxcK ni‡gvb, jywUbvBwRs ni‡gvb)| c¨viv_i‡gvb:c¨viv_vBi‡qW MÖwš  †_‡K wbtm„Z nq hv K¨vjwmqvg I dmdiv‡mi wecvK wbqš¿Y K‡i| K¨vjwmUwbb : _vBi‡qW MÖwš  †_‡K wbtm„Z ni‡gvb hv K¨vjwmqv‡gi gvÎv wbqš¿Y K‡i| 14. gvbe‡`‡n †gvU Bgy¨‡bv‡MøvweDwj‡bi K‡Zv fvM IgG? A. 75% B. 15% C. 10% cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. 5% cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: A. 75% †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 346 gvbe‡`‡ni cÖwZiÿv A¨vw›UewW ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:wewfbœ A¨vw›UewWi kZKiv cwigvY: A¨vw›UewW kZKiv cwigvY A¨vw›UewW kZKiv cwigvY IgG IgA IgM 75% 15% 5-10% IgE IgD <1% 0.1% 15. cwjwRb Gi cÖfve   A. cywÄf~Z B. cÖKU C. cÖ”Qbœ D. mgcÖKU cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: A. cywÄf~Z cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 356 wRbZË¡ I weeZ©b Bb‡nwiU¨vÝ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:cwjwR‡bi cÖfve Cumulative ev cywÄf~Z ev µgewa©òz| hvi Kvi‡Y G •ewkó¨‡K gvwÎK PwiÎ ejv nq, hv Øviv cwigvYMZ •ewkó¨ wbqwš¿Z nq| †gwW‡Kj fwZ© cixÿv_©x‡ì Rb¨ g~j eB‡qi cvkvcvwk `y`©všÍ me wUªKmmn Awfbe Dc¯’vcbvq... Avm‡c± †gwW wmwiR MEDI ASPECTBIOLOGYMEDI ASPECTCHEMISTRYMEDI ASPECTPHYSICS MEDI ASPECTENGLISH & GK  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  BIOLOGY   mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY 33 MARKS 11.75  WRITTEN PART   01. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi ivmvqwbK wewµqvwU wjL Ges mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi `yBwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KvR D‡jøL Ki| 2+0.25= 2.25 cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 148 Dw™¢` kvixiZË¡ mv‡jvKms‡kølY ûeû DËi:mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi ivmvqwbK wewµqv: 6CO2 + 12H2O m~h©v‡jvK –––––– †K¬v‡ivwdj C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2 KvR: (i)Dw™¢‡ì Lv`¨ cÖ¯‧Z (ii) cwi‡ek cwi‡kvab (CO2MÖnY O2 Z¨vM) 0.5 6=3.0 02. GKexRcÎx Dw™¢‡ì g~‡ji AšÍM©VbMZ kbv³Kvix QqwU •ewkó¨ wjL| cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 142 Concept Test 23 bs wUmy¨ I wUmy¨Zš¿ ûeû DËi:GKexRcÎx Dw™¢‡ì g~‡ji AšÍM©VbMZ kbv³Kvix 6wU •ewkó¨: (i) Z¡‡K wKDwUKj Abycw¯ Z| G‡Z GK‡Kvlx †ivg Av‡Q| (ii) AatZ¡K Abycw¯ Z| (iii) K‡U©· wewfbœ ¯Í‡i web¨v¯Í bq| (iv) cwiPµ GKmvwi †Kvl w`‡q MwVZ| (v) fv¯‥zjvi evÛj Aixq Ges GKvšÍifv‡e mw¾Z| (vi) †gUvRvB‡jg †K‡›`ªi w`‡K Ges †cÖv‡UvRvB‡jg cwiwai w`‡K Aew¯ Z| 03.MY ch©šÍ gvby‡li †kÖwYweb¨vm Ki (ce©, Dc-ce©, †kÖwY, eM©, †MvÎmn)| 0.5 6=3.0 cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! – TNT †ewmK ûeû 04. wb‡¤œv³ cÖvYx‡ì •eÁvwbK bvg wjL| a.†MvjK…wg DËi:gvby‡li †kÖYxwe¨vm: Kingdom Phylum Sub-phylum Class Order Family Genus Species : Animalia : Chordata : Vertebrata : Mammalia : Primates : Homnidae : Homo : Homo Sapiens 0.5 6=3.0 b.Av‡cj kvgyK cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K c.†RuvK d.iæBgvQ e.Nwoqvj f.†`v‡qj cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I 204 wewfbœ c‡e©i D`vniY ûeû †kÖwYweb¨vm DËi:Dc‡iv³ cÖvYx¸‡jvi •eÁvwbK bvg: cÖvwYi bvg •eÁvwbK bvg cÖvwYi bvg •eÁvwbK bvg Ascaris lumbricoides Hirudo medicinalis Gavialis gangzticus Pila globosa Labeo rohita Copsychus saularis †MvjK…wg †RuvK Nwoqvj Av‡cj kvgyK iæBgvQ †`v‡qj  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

34  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  01. †KvbwU †hŠwMK cvZvhy³ Dw™¢` bq? A. bvwi‡Kj B. †Mvjvc C. j¾veZx cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY ASPECT BIOLOGY RxeweÁvb RxeweÁvb GgweweGm fwZ© cix¶v †gwW‡Kj fwZ© cixÿv c~Y©gvb-30 c~Y©gvb-30 †mU-1 2018-2019 †mkb: 2019-20 †mU-1 mwVK DËi: D. Rev D. Rev cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 123 bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx wewfbœ Z‡_ï QK ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:cvZvi cÖKvi‡f`: †hŠwMK cvZv-GKwU cvZvq GKvwaK cÎdjK _vK‡j Zv‡K †h․wMK cvZv e‡j| †hgb : †Mvjvc, wbg, j¾veZx, mwRbv, Kvwgbx, bvwi‡Kj BZ¨vw`| mij cvZv- GKwU cvZvq GKwU gvÎ cÎdjK _vK‡j Zv‡K mijcvZv e‡j| †hgb : Rev, Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj BZ¨vw`| 02. mve©Rbxb MÖnxZv Blood group†KvbwU? A. O B. AB C. A cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: B. AB D. B cÖkœwUASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 358 wRbZË¡ I weeZ©b i‡³i MÖæc ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:ABeøvW MÖæ‡c †Kv‡bv A¨vw›UewW bv _vKvq GwU mve©Rbxb MÖnxZv eøvW MÖæc Ges OeøvW MÖæ‡c †Kv‡bv A¨vw›U‡Rb bv _vKvq GwU mve©Rbxb `vZv eøvW MÖæc| 03. ‘Cycas’Dw™¢‡ì km¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb ai‡bi? A. cwjcø‡qW mwVK DËi: B. n¨vcø‡qW B. n¨vcø‡qW C. wUªcø‡qW D. wWcø‡qW cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 119 bMœexRx I Ave„ZexRx bMœexRx Dw™¢‡ì •ewkó¨ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:bMœexRx Dw™¢‡` (Cycas)wØwb‡lK N‡U bv d‡j G‡Ûv¯úvg© (mm¨) n¨vcø‡qW Ges Ave„ZRxex Dw™¢‡` wØ-wb‡lK N‡U d‡j G‡Ûv¯úvg© (mm¨) wUªcø‡qW| 04. wb‡Pi †KvbwU i³bvjxi ms‡KvPb NwU‡q i³cvZ n«vm K‡i? A. †m‡iv‡Uvwbb cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K mwVK DËi: A. †m‡iv‡Uvwbb B. †ncvwib C. †_ªv‡¤^vcøvw÷b cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. wn÷vwgb cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 257, RU 7 bs cÖkœ i³ I msenb i³ RgvUevav ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:i‡³ wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi f~wgKv: †_ªv‡¤^vcøvw÷b :¸iæZ¡c~Y© K¬wU&s d¨v±i hv i³ RgvU euva‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| †ncvwib:†e‡mvwdj n‡Z Drcbœ nq hv i³ bvwji wfZ‡i i³RgvU †iva K‡i| wn÷vwgb: †e‡mvwdj †_‡K Drcbœ nq hv †`‡ni †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv e„w× K‡i| 05. AvšÍtK‡kiæKv PvKwZ‡Z wK ai‡bi Ziæbvw¯’ cvIqv hvq? A. †k¦ZZš‧gq Ziæbvw¯  B. Pzbgq Ziæbvw¯  cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K D. w¯ wZ¯ vcK Ziæbvw¯  mwVK DËi: A. †k¦ZZš‧gq Ziæbvw¯  cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q C. ¯^”Q Ziæbvw¯  cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 296 Pjb I A½Pvjbv K¼vj †hvRK Kjv ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:K‡kiæKvi cÖKvi‡f` I Ae¯’vb: ZiæYvw¯’ Ae¯’vb w¯’wZ¯’vcK ewntKY© ev wcbv, BD‡÷wkqvb bvwj, GwcMøwUm cÖf…wZ Pzbgq wnD‡givm I wdgv‡ii g¯ÍK ¯^”Q ev nvqvwjb ¯Íb¨cvqxi bvK, k¦vmbvwj, ¯îhš¿ Ges e¨vO I nv½‡ii åƒY ev cwiYZ †`n †k¦ZZš‘gq AvšÍtK‡kiæKv PvKwZ (K‡kiæKvi gaëZx© AÂj), wcDwem wmgdvBwmm, Aw¯  I †UbW‡bi ms‡hvM¯ j  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  06. nvBWªvi †Kvb As‡k wb‡WvmvBU †Kvl me‡P‡q †ekx _v‡K? A. †`n KvÐ B. Kwl©Kv C. c` PvKwZ cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY 35 mwVK DËi: B. Kwl©Kv D. †`n cÖvPxi cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 219 cÖvYxi cwiwPwZ GKbR‡i nvBWªv ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: nvBWªvi cv`PvKwZ e¨ZxZ †`‡ni me©Î wb‡WvmvBU †Kvl we`¨gvb _v‡K, wKš‧ Kwl©Kv‡Z G‡ì msL¨v me‡P‡q †ewk _v‡K| 07. wb‡Pi †Kvb Rx‡e Avw`‡Kvl _v‡K? A. •kevj B. e¨vK‡Uwiqv C. eªv‡qvdvBUm cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: B. e¨vK‡Uwiqv D. QÎvK cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 25 †Kvl I Gi MVb †Kv‡li cÖKvi‡f` ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:Avw` †Kvl Øviv MwVZ Rxe n‡jv Avw`‡Kvlx (Prokaroytic)Rxe, †hgb : gvB‡KvcøvRgv, e¨vK‡Uwiqv I mvqv‡bve¨vK‡Uwiqv Ges g‡biv iv‡Rï me RxeB Avw`‡Kvlx| cÖK…Z †Kvl Øviv MwVZ Rxe n‡jv cÖK…Z †Kvlx (Eukaroytic) Rxe, †hgb: •kevj, QÎvK, eªv‡qvdvBUm, †Uwi‡WvdvBUm, wRg‡bv¯úvg© Ges A¨vbwRI¯úvg©m| 08. †Kvb i³ KwYKv A¨vw›UewW •Zwi K‡i? A. wU-wj‡çvmvBU B. †e‡mvwdj C. g‡bvmvBU cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: D. we-wj‡çvmvBU D. we-wj‡çvmvBU cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 347, RU 03 bs cÖkœ gvbe‡`‡ni cÖwZiÿv A¨vw›UewW ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: we-wj‡çvmvB‡Ui GKwU Dcaib n‡jv cøvRgv †Kvl hv A¨vw›UewW Drcbœ K‡i| gvbe‡`‡n cÖvq 100 wgwjqb ai‡bi A¨vw›UewW Drcbœ n‡Z cv‡i| 09. k¦mbZ‡š¿i †Kvb As‡k M¨vmxq wewbgq nq? A. A¨vjwfIjvm B. UªvwKqv C. eªw¼Ij cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: A. A¨vjwfIjvm D. eª¼vm cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 272 k^mb I k^vmwµqv k^mb AÂj ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:A¨vjwfIjvm dzmdz‡mi Kvh©Kix GKK| GKRb c~Y©eq¯‥ my¯  gvby‡li `ywU dzmdz‡m cÖvq 700 wgwjqb A¨vjwfIjvm _v‡K †h¸‡jv cÖvq 11,800 eM©‡mw›UwgUvi k¦mbZj m„wó K‡i| A¨vjwfIjvm cÖvPxi msjMœ Zij c`v_© (mvi‡dKU¨v›U) O2I CO2Gi `ªæZ wewbg‡q mvnvh¨ K‡i| 10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wØ¯Íix? A. g¨v‡jwiqvi RxevYy B. wdZv K…wg C. nvBWªv cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: C. nvBWªv D. †RuvK cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 215 cÖvYxi cwiwPwZ MVb ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:cwi‡div c‡e©i cÖvYx ¯Íiwenxb, wbWvwiqv c‡e©i cÖvYx wØ-¯Íix Ges wbWvwiqv cieZx© mKj c‡e©i cÖvYx wÎ-¯Íix| wdZv K…wg I †RuvK wbWvwiqv cieZ©x c‡e©i Ges g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYy †cÖvwU÷v RM‡Zi| 11. c¨vivwmgc¨v‡_wUK ¯œvqy wb‡Pi †Kvb K‡ivwUK ¯œvqy‡Z cvIqv hvq- A. AKz‡jv‡gvUi cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K mwVK DËi: A. AKz‡jv‡gvUi B. AcwUK C. UªKwjqvi D. Ajd¨v±wi cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 306 mgš^q I wbqš¿Y k^vmZš¿ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:†h mKj K‡ivwUK ¯œvqy mnvbyf~wZkxj ¯œvqyi wµqv‡K fvimvg¨ K‡i Zv‡ì‡K c¨vivwmgc¨v‡_wUK ¯œvqy e‡j| c¨vivwmgc¨v‡_wUK K‡ivwUK ¯œvqy¸‡jv nj: AKz‡jv‡gvUi, d¨vwmqvj, †fMvm I Mø‡mvd¨vwiwÄqvj| 12. wb‡Pi †Kvb A½ BivB‡_ªv‡cv‡qwUb (Erythropoietin)Drcv`b K‡i? A. dzmdzm B. ürwcÐ cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K mwVK DËi: D. e„° C. gMR D. e„° cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 282 eR©¨ I wb®‥vkb e„‡°i KvR ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:e„° EPO•Zwi K‡i hv †evbg¨v‡iv‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i †evbg¨v‡iv‡K wefvR‡b DÏxß K‡i d‡j cÖPzi RBC•Zwi nq|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

36  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  13. gvbe‡`‡ni †Kvb A‡½ m‡e©v”P msL¨K Me‡jU †Kvl cvIqv hvq? A. dzmdzm B. e„n`vš¿ C. hK…Z cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY ASPECT BIOLOGY mwVK DËi: B. e„n`vš¿ D. ÿz`ªvš¿ cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 247 cwicvK I †kvlY e„n`vš¿ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:e„n`‡š¿i wgD‡Kvmv ¯Í‡i Aew¯ Z Me‡jU †Kvl wgDKvm ÿiY K‡i e„n`‡š¿i Af¨šÍi fvM wcw”Qj iv‡L| 14. KeyZi †Kvb †kÖYxi cÖvYx? A. Amphibia B. Aves cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: B. Aves C. Actinopterygii D. Reptilia cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I KW©vUvi we¯ÍvwiZ ûeû 205 †kÖwYweb¨vm mwVK DË‡ii KviY:wewfbœ †kÖYxi cÖvYx: †kÖYx cÖvYx Aves KvK, KeyZi, †`v‡qj, Po–B cvwL Actinopterygii Amphibia Reptilia Bwjk gvQ, iæB gvQ, UvwK gvQ m¨vjvgvÐvi, †mvbve¨vO, †M‡Qve¨vO, Do°z e¨vO, AvmgwZ e¨vO Nwoqvj, wUKwUwK, K”Qc 15. wb‡Pi †Kvb MÖwš’wU wfbœ cÖK…wZi? A. ïµvkq mwVK DËi: D. G‡Wªbvj B. wW¤^vkq C. AMœ¨vkq D. G‡Wªbvj cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 319 mgš^q I wbqš¿Y MÖwš  I ni‡gvb c¨vivjvj mwVK DË‡ii KviY: ïµvkq, AMœ¨vkq I wW¤^vkq wZbwUB wgkÖ MÖwš  A_©vr Giv mK‡jB GKvav‡i ewntÿiv I AšÍtÿiv cÖK…wZi| Aciw`‡K G‡Ûªbvj MÖwš  ïaygvÎ AšÍtÿiv cÖK…wZi| 16. wb‡Pi †KvbwU DNA fvBivm? A. †Uvev‡Kv †gvRvBK mwVK DËi: D. †ncvUvBwUm we B. wPKzb¸wbqv C. †W½y D. †ncvUvBwUm we cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwUASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 76 AYyRxe fvBiv‡mi †kÖwYwefvM ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: RNA fvBivm :†W½y, †cvwjI, †ncvUvBwUm G, †ncvUvBwUm wm, gv¤úm, i¨vwem, wPKyb¸wbqv, TMV,K‡ivbv fvBivm BZ¨vw`| DNA fvBivm :f¨vKwmwbqv, †ncvUvBwUm B,f¨vwiIjv, GwW‡bv nvwc©m wmg‡cø·, TIV, T2dvh BZ¨vw`| 17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z Hw”QK †ckx cvIqv hvq? A. Rivqy B. cvK¯ jx C. wRnŸv cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: C. wRnŸv D. ürwcÐ cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 299 Pjb I A½Pvjbv †ckxwUmy¨i †kÖwYwefvM ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:wewfbœ cÖKvi †cwki Ae¯’vb: †cwk Ae¯’vb A‣bw”QK †c․wóKbvwj, i³bvwj, k¦vmbvwj, g~Î_wj, Rivqy, cvK¯ wj Hw”QK Aw¯ i ms‡hvM¯ j, †PvL, wRnŸv Mjwej ür‡cwk ürwcÐ 18. Òd¬v‡Rjvhy³ †¯úviÓ wK bv‡g AewnZ? A. Zoospore mwVK DËi: A. Zoospore B. Hypnospore cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. Aplanospore cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. Resting spore cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 99 •kevj I QÎvK •kev‡ji Rbb c¨vivjvj mwVK DË‡ii KviY: †¯úvi d¬¨v‡Rjvwewkó n‡j Ry‡¯úvi, †¯úvi d¬¨v‡Rjvwenxb wbðj n‡j A¨vcø¨v‡bv‡¯úvi Ges `xN© ï®‥ cwi‡e‡k A¨vcø¨v‡bv‡¯úvi cyiæ cÖvPxi‡ewóZ n‡j Zv‡K wnc‡bv‡¯úvi e‡j|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  19. gvbe‡`‡ni †Kvb A½ wdweª‡bv‡Rb •Zwi K‡i? A. dzmdzm B. hK…Z C. ÿz`ªvš¿ cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY 37 mwVK DËi: B. hK…Z D. AMœ¨vkq cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 241 eR©¨ I wb®‥vkb hK…Z c¨vivjvj mwVK DË‡ii KviY: hK…Z †MøvweDwjb Qvov cÖvq mKj ai‡bi cøvRgv †cÖvwUb ms‡køl K‡i| hK…‡Z †hme cøvRgv †cÖvwUb ms‡køwlZ nq †m¸‡jv n‡”Q : A¨vjeywgb, wj‡cv‡cÖvwUb, UªvÝ‡dwib, †m‡ivcøvRwgb, †MøvweDwjb, 1†d‡Uv‡cÖvwUb Ges i³ ZÂb d¨v±i I(wdweª‡bv‡Rb), II(†cÖv_ªw¤^b), V, VII, IX, X, XI, XII 20. wb‡Pi †KvbwU AcÖK…Z dj? A. †cqviv B. wjPz C. Avg cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: D. Avbvim D. Avbvim cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 122 bMœexRx I Ave„wZexRx dj m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ c¨vivjvj mwVK DË‡ii KviY:d‡ji cÖKvi‡f` : [Ref: wejwKm evby, gv‡R`v g¨vWvg] cÖKvi‡f` D`vniY cÖK…Z dj Avg, wjPz, Rvg, †cqviv AcÖK…Z dj Wzgyi, KuvVvj, Avbvim, Av‡cj, PvjZv 21. QÎv‡Ki †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii gyL¨ Dcv`vb †KvbwU? A. KvBwUb mwVK DËi: A. KvBwUb B. Avi‡M‡÷ij cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. MøvB‡Kv‡Rb D. †mjy‡jvR cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 101 •kevj I QÎvK QÎv‡Ki MVb ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:QÎv‡Ki †Kvl cÖvPxi KvBwUb wbwg©Z| QÎv‡Ki mwÂZ Lv`¨ cÖavbZ MøvB‡Kv‡Rb, •Zjwe›`y| •kev‡ji †Kvl cÖvPxi †mjy‡jvR wbwg©Z| 22. wm‡jvgnxb ce© †KvbwU? A. Nematoda B. Annelida C. Chordata cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. Fasciola hepaticamwVK DËi: D. Fasciola hepatica cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q 202 cÖkœ inm¨ !!! cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I cÖvYxRM‡Zi †kÖwYweb¨vm ûeû †kÖYxweb¨vm mwVK DË‡ii KviY:wm‡jv‡gi cÖKvi‡f`: wm‡jvg ce© Porifera, Platyhelminthes (Fasciola heptica) Ges Cnidaria Arthropoda, Mollusca, Annelida, Chordata, Echinodermata, Hemichordata Nematoda, Rotifera, Kinorhyncha C. cvK¯ jx‡Z D. †RRybv‡g cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q wm‡jvgwenxb cÖK…Z my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU 23. me‡P‡q †ekx Lv`¨mvi †kvlY nq †Kv_vq? A. wmKv‡g mwVK DËi: D. †RRybv‡g B. wWI‡Wbv‡g cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 245 cwicvK I †kvlY Lv`¨e¯‧i †kvlY ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:Lv‡`¨i 90% †kvlY N‡U ÿz`ªv‡š¿ evwK 10% N‡U e„n`vš¿ I cvK¯ wj‡Z| ÿz`ªv‡š¿i wWI‡Wbv‡g AwaKvsk cwicvK Ges †RRybvg I Bwjqv‡g AwaKvsk Lv`¨mvi †kvlY N‡U| 24. cvK¯’jxi †Kvb †Kvl †_‡K nvB‡Wªv‡K¬vwiK GwmW wbtm„Z nq? A. c¨vivBUvj †Kvl cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K mwVK DËi: A. c¨vivBUvj †Kvl B. wR-†Kvl C. wgDKvm †Kvl cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. †ccwUK †Kvl cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 241 cwicvK I †kvlY MÖwš i ÿiY ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: wgDKvm †Kvl †_‡K wgDKvm wbtm„Z nq| RvB‡gv‡RwbK †Kvl ev Pxd ev †ccwUK †Kvl †_‡K wbw®…q †ccwm‡bv‡Rb wbtm„Z nq| Av‡R©›UvdvBb †Kvl †_‡K M¨vw÷ªK BbwUªbwmK d¨v±i wbtm„Z nq| wR-†Kvl ev M¨vw÷ªK †mj M¨vw÷ªbwbtmiY K‡i|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

38  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  25. Nvm dwos Gi †ncvwUK wmKv KqwU? A. 12 B. 8 C. 10 cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY ASPECT BIOLOGY mwVK DËi: A. 12 D. 14 cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 223 cÖvYxi cwiwPwZ Nvmdwos Gi †cvwóKZš¿ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: Nvmdwos Gi †÷v‡gvwWqvg ev AMÖ †c․wóKbvwj Ges †g‡m‡›Uib ev ga¨ †c․wóKbvwj ms‡hvM¯ ‡j Aew¯ Z †Kvb AvK…wZi Qq †Rvov ev 12wU j¤^v ¯^”Q bvwjKv‡K †ncvwUK ev M¨vw÷K wmKv e‡j| 26. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Dw™¢` †Kv‡l _v‡K bv? A. †Kvl cÖvPxi mwVK DËi: D. †m‡›Uªv‡mvg B. cøvw÷W C. mwÂZ Lv`¨ †k¦Zmvi cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. †m‡›Uªv‡mvg cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! †Kvl I Gi MVb †ewmK cÖkœ †Kv‡li cÖKvi‡f` c¨vivjvj mwVK DË‡ii KviY: mvaviYZ Dw™¢` †Kv‡l †m‡›Uªv‡mvg _v‡K bv| Z‡e gmeMx©q, dvY©eMx©q I bMœexRx Dw™¢‡` †m‡›Uªv‡mvg cvIqv hvq| cøvw÷W, †Kvl cÖvPxi I †k¦Zmvi Dw™¢` †Kv‡l Dcw¯ Z| 27. gm (Bryophytes)Gi ¯¿x Rbbv‡½i bvg wK? A. Gametangium mwVK DËi: C. Archegonium B. Sporangium cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K C. Archegonium cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. Antheridium cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! eªv‡qvdvBUv I 113, KU 9 bs cÖkœ g‡mi •ewkó¨ ûeû †U‡iv‡UvdvBUv mwVK DË‡ii KviY: g‡mi (Bryophytes)cysRbbv½‡K A¨v‡š wiwWqvg (Antheridium) Ges ¯¿x Rbbv½‡K AvwK©‡Mvwbqvg (Archegonium)e‡j| 28. gvB‡Uvwm‡m †Kv‡li wfZ‡i wbDwK¬qv‡mi wefvRb‡K wK e‡j? A. mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K mwVK DËi: D. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm B. A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm C. WvqvKvB‡bwmm cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q D. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm cÖkœwUASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 52 †Kvl wefvRb †KvlPµ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: wbDwK¬qv‡mi wefvRb‡K ejv nq K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm Ges mvB‡UvcøvR‡gi wefvRb‡K ejv nq mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm| wbDwK¬qvm I mvB‡UvcøvRg mivmwi wef³ n‡q `ywU AcZ¨†Kv‡li m„wó Kiv‡K A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm e‡j| wg‡qvwm‡mi GKwU Dc-ch©v‡qi bvg WvqvKvB‡bvwmm| 29. ürwc‡Ð Aew¯’Z †Kvb ms‡hvMKvwi Kjv (Junctional tissue)†K †cm‡gKvi ejv nq? A. ev‡Ûj Ae wnR B. A¨vwUªI-†fbwUªKzjvi †bvWC. cviwKwÄ Zš‧D. mvB‡bv-A¨vwUªqvj †bvW cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi mwVK DËi: D. mvB‡bv-A¨vwUªqvj †bvW cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q Kiv n‡q‡Q †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 259 i³ I mÂvjb KvwW©qvK Pµ ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY: mvB‡bv-A¨vwUªqvj †bvW Wvb A¨vwUªqv‡gi cÖvPx‡i, WvbA¨vwUªqvg I mywcwiqi †fbvK¨vfvi wQ‡`ªi ms‡hvM¯ ‡j Aew¯ Z| GLvb †_‡K m„ó GKwU A¨vKkb c‡Ubwkqvj B‡jKwUªK¨vj wmMb¨v‡jigva¨‡g nvU©weU ïiæ nq| 30. †Kvb Lipoprotein†K ‘Bad cholesterol’e‡j? A. Chylomicron C. High density lipoprotein cÖkœwU †h Aa¨vq †_‡K B. Very low density lipoprotein D. Low density lipoprotein cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h c„ôv †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q mwVK DËi: D. Low density lipoprotein cÖkœwU ASPECT BIOLOGY Gi †h UwcKm †_‡K Kgb c‡o‡Q †hfv‡e Kgb c‡o‡Q †cv÷‡gv‡U©g Kiv n‡q‡Q cÖkœ inm¨ !!! 68, IU 09 bs cÖkœ †Kvl imvqb wjwcW ûeû mwVK DË‡ii KviY:High density lipoprotein Gi gvÎv gvbe kix‡i †ewk _vKv fv‡jv| ZvB, G‡K Good cholesterol e‡j| Avi, i‡³ Low density lipoprotein †ewk _vKv ÿwZKi| KviY, i‡³ AwZgvÎvq G ai‡bi †Kv‡j‡÷ij agwbi jy‡gb eÜ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i| ZvB, G‡K Bad cholesterole‡j| we.`ª.:c„ôv b¤^‡ii Rb¨ ‘ASPECT BIOLOGY’Ryb, 2019 ms¯‥i‡Yi eB †`L|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  eB AW©vi Ki‡Z... mv¤úªwZK mv‡ji cÖkœ we‡kølY 39 Kzwiqvi: 01856466200 AbjvBb: rokomari.com fwZ© msµvšÍ †h‡Kvb civgk© †c‡Z Page : facebook.com/Aspectadmission Group : facebook.com/groups/admission & academic blog e-mail : aspectseries@gmail.com web : www.networkcareerbd.com Mobile : 01856 466 200, 01916 198 225 Avm‡c± wmwiR cvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

45 ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  †Kvl I Gi MVb †Kvl I Gi MVb 1g cÎ Aa¨vq-01 CELL & ITS STRUCTURE STEP-01: SURVEY TABLE    wK coe   †Kb coe       KZUzKz coe   wKfv‡e coe    MAKING DECISION [†h Kvi‡Y co‡e] DU GU MAT 40% 60% 40% 25% 40% 25% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% 90% MAGNETIC DECISION [hv co‡e] †Kvl m¤úwK©Z cÖv_wgK Av‡jvPbv VVI For This Year WRITTEN * * *** *** CONCEPT NO DAT 30% 25% 90% 90% S&T 50% 25% 90% 90% HSC 60% 25% 90% 90% MCQ ** ** *** *** CONCEPT-01 CONCEPT-02 CONCEPT-03 CONCEPT-04 GU = General University, MAT = Medical Admission Test, DAT = Dental Admission Test, S&T = Science & Technology. †Kvl¯’ Ro e¯‘ †Kvl¯’ mRxe e¯‘ eskMwZ †Kvl m¤úwK©Z cÖv_wgK Av‡jvPbv  CONCEPT 01 cÖv_wgK K_v   Item-01 :  Rx‡ei MVb I Kvwh©K GKK‡K †Kvl e‡j|  me‡P‡q †QvU †Kvl gvB‡KvcøvRgv bvgK PPLO|  "Cell" k‡ãi cÖeZ©K - ievU© ûK|  ievU© ûK Zuvi ch©‡eÿY gvB‡µvMÖvwdqvMÖ‡š  cÖKvk K‡ib|  †`‡n 60 nvRvi wewjqb (601015wU) †Kvl _vK‡Z cv‡i|  me‡P‡q eo †Kvl DU cvwLi wWg (17  12.5 †m.wg.)|  gvbe‡`‡n me‡P‡q `xN©Zg n‡”Q wbDib †Kvl (1.37 wgUvi j¤^v)|  Rxe we`¨vi †h kvLvq †Kvl wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K †Kvl we`¨v ev mvB‡UvjwRe‡j|  ievU© ûK †Kvl we`¨vi RbK Z‡e, AvaywbK †Kvlwe`¨vi RbK †mvqvbmb| †Kvl m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ weÁvbxi gZev`:  Jean Brachet (1961)- †Kvl n‡jv Rx‡ei MVbMZ †g․wjK GKK|  Loewy Siekevitz (1963)-†Kvl n‡jv •RweK wµqv Kjv‡ci GKK hv GKwU Aa©‡f`¨ wSwjø Øviv cwi‡ewóZ _v‡K Ges hv Ab¨ †Kvb mRxe gva¨g QvovB AvZ¥-Rb‡b mÿg|  De Roberties (1979)-Rx‡ei MVb I Kvwh©K GKK‡K †Kvl e‡j| C.P. Hickman (1970)-†Kvl •RweK MVb I Kv‡h©i GKK Ges GwU by¨bZg •RweK GKK hv wb‡Ri wbqš¿Y I cÖR‡bb mÿg|  †Kvl ZË¡: Rvg©vb Dw™¢`weÁvbx †¯øB‡Wb I cÖvYxweÁvbx w_I‡Wvi †mvqvb (1838-1839) mv‡j †Kvl ZË¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib| 1855 mv‡j Avevi fviPz †Kvl ZË¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib| (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi, AvwReyi m¨vi, wR‡Z›`ª m¨vi)     WRITTEN WRITTEN SUGGESTION SUGGESTION SAQ Short Ans Question BAQ Broad Ans Question †Kvl Kv‡K e‡j? DËi: †Kvl ev Celln‡”Q Rxe‡`‡ni MVb I Kv‡Ri GKK hv ¯^wbf©i, AvZ¥cÖRbbkxj, •elg¨‡f`¨ wSwjø w`‡q cwi‡ewóZ Ae¯ vq wbw`©ó cwigvb †cÖv‡UvcøvRg wb‡q MwVZ Ges c~e©Zb †Kvl †_‡K m„ó| mvB‡UvjwR ej‡Z Kx eyS? DËi: RxeweÁv‡bi †h kvLvq †Kv‡li RxebaviY, •RewbK wµqv wewµqv BZ¨vw` wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq Zv‡K mvB‡UvjwR ev †Kvlwe`¨v e‡j| G‡Ûvwmgev‡qvwmm Kx? DËi: wbDwK¬qvm wewkó GKwU †cvlK †Kv‡l evqexq I d‡Uvwmb‡_wUK e¨vK‡Uwiqv cÖ‡ek K‡i wU‡K _vKvi cÖwµqv‡K ejv nq G‡Ûvwmgev‡qvwmm|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology  page 45

46  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES      REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     †Kvl I Gi MVb ASPECT BIOLOGY STEP 01 JU ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION 01. Ô†Kvl Rx‡ei MVbMZ †gŠwjK GKKÕ-gZev`wU †K cÖ`vb K‡ib? A. R¨vb eªv‡PU B. wW ievwU©m †Kvl m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ weÁvbxi gZev`: De Roberties :†Kvl n‡jv Rx‡ei †g․wjK MVbMZ I Kvh©MZ GKK| Loewy siekevitz :†Kvl n‡jv •RweK wµqvKjv‡ci GKK hv GKwU Aa©‡f`¨ wSwjø Øviv cwi‡ewóZ _v‡K Ges hv Ab¨ †Kv‡bv mRxe gva¨g DU [JU: Unit-D; Set-A/B,19-20] D. n¨vj‡Wm C. jyBm 01.RxeweÁvbx ievU© ûK †Kb weL¨vZ? A. cÖvwYwe`¨vi RbK C. †Kvl gZev‡`i cÖeZ©K Ans D Why ievU© ûK “Cell”k‡ãi cÖeZ©K| AYyexÿb h‡š¿i Avwe®‥viK Ges Zv‡K †Kvlwe`¨vi RbK ejv nq| [DU. 14-15] Ans A Why B. Dw™¢` I cÖvwYi †kÖYxweb¨v‡mi cÖeZ©K D. "Cell" k‡ãi cÖeZ©K QvovB AvZ¥ Rb‡b mÿg| 02.gvbe‡`‡ni `xN©Zg †Kvl †KvbwU? A. †ckx †Kvl C. †hvRK †Kvl Ans B Whygvbe‡`‡ni wbDiY †Kvl cÖvq 1.37 wgUvi j¤^v hvi Ae¯ vb gw¯Í‡®‥| 02.Cellk‡ãi cÖeZ©K †K? A. ievU© ûK C. Pvj©m ievU© WviDBb 03.we‡k¦i me‡P‡q ¶z`ª †Kvl †KvbwU? A.gvB‡KvcøvRgv B. fvBivm [JU: D;Set-F,18-19] [DU. 14-15; MAT. 90-91; BAU. 05-06; JU. 11-12] B.¯œvqy †Kvl/ wbDib D. AveiYx †Kvl B. DBwjqvg nv‡f© D. jyB cv¯‧i [JU:D, 11-12; CU. 01-02; BAU. 05-06] C.e¨vK‡Uwiqv D. A¨vwgev Ans A CU Ans A 03.†Kvb aviYvwU †KvlZ‡Ë¡i mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z? A.†Kvl mKj Roe¯‧ MV‡bi GKK B.mKj †KvlB GeneticallyAwfbœ C.mKj †KvlB Self regenerated D.†Kvl mKj RxešÍ e¯‧i Kg©Kv‡Ði GKK Ans D Why 1838-1839 mv‡j Rvg©vb Dw™¢` weÁvbx †¯øB‡Wb I cÖvwYweÁvbx w_I‡Wvi †mvqvb †KvlZË¡ cÖ`vb K‡ib| [DU. 09-10] 01.†KvlZ‡Ë¡i (Cell theory)cÖeZ©K n‡jv- A.bvB‡ibevM©-†Lvivbv C.G.Gj. I‡q‡Rbvi [CU: H1,12-13] B.†¯øB‡Wb-†mvqvb D. wncv‡µwUm E. ievU©mb Ans B STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION MBSTU 04.cÖvYxK‚‡ji me©e„nr †Kvl †KvbwU? A.mœvqy †Kvl C. DU cvwLi wWg Ans C WhyDUcvwLi wWg me‡P‡q eo †Kvl (17 cm  12.5 cm)| [DU. 03-04] 01. me‡P‡q †QvU †Kvl †KvbwU? A. gUi wbDib B. fvBivm Ans C WhygvB‡KvcøvRgv hv GKai‡bi e¨vK‡Uwiqv GwU PPLO (Pleuropneumonia-Like Organism)| [MBSTU: Unit-B; 19-20] D. WBC B.†ckx †Kvl D.Aw¯ ‡Kvl C. PPLO †Kv‡li wewfbœ A½vYyi Avwe®‹viK I bvgKviK-[* ZviKv wPwýZ mvj g‡b ivL‡e]   Item-02 : bvg Avwe®‹viK mvj bvgKviK bvg Avwe®‹viK mvj bvgKviK †Kvl ievU© ûK ievU© ûK cøvw÷W wk¤úvi - 1665* - 1665 1831* 1883 1869 1894 1921 cvwK©b‡R (1840) - Aëg¨vb (1889) - †cÖv‡UvcøvRg/†cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ - wbDwK¬K GwmW wgkvi †Kvl cÖvPxi ievU© ûK bvB‡Uªv‡Rbvm †em †Kv‡mj Lavinine DNAI RNA wbDwK¬qvm ievU© eªvDb ievU© eªvDb - Kvj© bv‡Mjx gvB‡UvKwÛªqv KwjKvi Kvj© †eÛv cøvRgv †gg‡eªb - 1850* - (1855) G‡ÛvcøvRwgK gvB‡µvwdjv‡g›Um ev Porter & Kallm (1953) Porter, Clude, Fullam 1945 - Paleviz 1974 †iwUKzjvg A¨vKwUb wdjv‡g›U MjwM e¯‧ K¨vwg‡jv MjwM cviAw·‡mvg `¨ `yÕ‡e - 1898* 1967 1860 Gi `kK †hvnvb‡mb `¨ `yÕ‡e(1955) jvB‡mv‡Rvg `¨ `yÕ‡e wRb †g‡Ûj 1955 (1909) ni ‡Mvwe›` 1955* c¨v‡jW/ Albert Clude ivB‡ev‡Rvg K…wÎg wRb - - Robertis (1958) †Lvivbv †ev‡fix (1888) Okazaki LÛ Central Dogma of Biology Cytoskeleton †mw›UªIj - - Van Benden 1887 Okazaki Watson †evg¨vb (1840) * wbDwK¬Ijvm d›Uvbv - 1781* 1958* I‡qj‡Wqvi(1888) †µv‡gv‡Rvg ÷ªvmeyM©vi †KvëRd - 1875 1928 Robertis I Franche (cÖvYx)/ Ledbetter I Porter (Dw™¢`) wk¤úvi gvB‡µvwUDweDjm - †U‡jvwgqvi gyjvi - 1953 - DNA Gi iÄb c×wZ †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ wk¤úvi dzjwRb - 1883* 1914 W. Flemming (1888) 1875 †µvgvwUb ÷ªvm©eyM©vi RxweZ †Kvl ch©‡eÿYwjD‡qb ûK - 1674 (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi, AvRgj m¨vi, AvwReyi m¨vi)  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

47 ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  †bv‡ej cyi®‹vi: †Kvl I Gi MVb wbDwK¬qv‡mi i) IqvUmb, wµK, DBjwKÝ: DNAWvej †nwj· g‡W‡ji Rb¨ - 1963 ii) ni †Mvwe›` †Lvivbv: K…wÎg wRb ms‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ - 1969 iii) †Kv‡mj: bvB‡Uªv‡Rbvm †em Avwe®‥v‡ii Rb¨- 1910 Avwe®‥viK...??     REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION RU 01. IqvUmb I wµK KZ mv‡j wW Gb G AYyi cÖwZK…wZi b·v cÖYqb K‡ib- A. 1988 C. 1965 02. IqvU&mb I wµK KZ mv‡j DNA g‡Wj cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cvb? A. 1953 B. 1963 03.†µv‡gv‡mvg Avwe®‹vi nq †Kvb mv‡j? A. 1875 C. 1861 DU [RU:F2, 10-11] 01. †Kvl Avwe®‹vi I bvgKiY K‡ib? A. ievU© ûK C.A¨v›Uwb fb wjD‡qb ûK 02. wbDwK¬qvm Avwe®‹vi/ eY©bv K‡ib- [DU. 12-13; MAT. 91-92, 94-95; RU. 12- 13; CU. 15-16; BAU. 00-01; JSTU. 15-16] A. ievU© ûK C.jyB cv¯‧i 03. DNA-AYyi mwVK g‡Wj •Zwi K‡i Kviv †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi †c‡qwQ‡jb? [DU. 15-16, 99-00; J.Board 15] B.RvKvwiqvm R¨vb‡mÝ D. ievU© eªvDb B. 1908 D. 1953 Ans D Ans A [RU. 10-11] C. 1973 D. 1983 Ans B [RU:A, 10-11] B. ievU© eªvDb D.†d¬wgs B. 1954 D. 1901 Ans B Ans A [DU. 03-04] CU 04. jvB‡mv‡mvg †K cÖ_g Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? A. Robert Brown C. Robert Hook 05.†Kvb weÁvbx me©cÖ_g wbDwK¬qvm †_‡K DNAc„_K K‡ib? A. IqvUmb, wµK I DBjwKÝ C.eªvDb I wg‡Pj B. IqvUmb I wµK D.gM©vb, WyRvwe©b I †cvU©viAns A 01. Dw™¢` †Kv‡l cøvw÷W Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †K? A. W. Schimper C. Robert Brown Ans A Whywewfbœ weÁvbxi Ae`vb:[JU: 19-20; Set-Q Gi cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v †`‡Lv] [CU. 19-20] B. Kolliker D. Bowman [DU. 02-03] B. De Duve D. Camilo Golgi Ans B 02.DNA Gi Wvej †nwj· g‡Wj cÖ¯Íve K‡ib- A.Watson C. Mendel 03.†Kv‡li g‡a¨ cÖ_g wbDwK¬Ijvm Dcw¯’wZi K_v e‡jb †K? A.d›Uvbv C.†n‡Kj 04.†Kvb weÁvbx me©cÖ_g †Kv‡l gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi Dcw¯’wZ j¶¨ K‡ib? A.†eÛv C. ievU© eªvDb [CU:F1, 16-17; IU. 02-03] [DU. 01-02; CU. 12-13] B. Crick D.Watson & Crick A. Gg. wdmvi C. wµK B. IqvUmb D. g¨vbmb Ans D [CU. 04-05] Ans A B. dU D. WviDBb JnU Ans A [CU. 00-01] 01. †Kvb weÁvbx †µv‡gv‡Rvg Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? A. Mendel C. Watson and Crick [JnU. 14-15] B. Darwin D.Strasburger B. Aëg¨vb D. ievU© ûK Ans D Ans B JU STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION 01.Dw™¢` †Kv‡l †K me©cÖ_g cøvw÷W jÿ¨ I bvgKiY K‡ib? A. c¨vjv‡W C. wk¤úvi Ans C Whywewfbœ weÁvbxi Ae`vb: weÁvbxi bvg [JU: Unit-D; Set-Q,19-20] SUST B. †cvU©vi D. KwjKvi 01. DNA Wvej †nwj· g‡Wj Avwe®‹v‡ii Rb¨ IqvUmb I wµK Gi mv‡_ †K †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib? [SUST. 13-14] A. Levene C. Ris B. Miescher D. Mirsky Ae`vb/Avwe®‹vi E. Wilkins Ans E cøvw÷W W. Schimper Kolliker Robert Brown Sir William Bowman 02.1931 mv‡j ÔcøvRgv‡jgvÕ kãwU me©cÖ_g e¨envi K‡ib †K? A. Danielli C. Plower MBSTU gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi Dcw¯ wZ cÖgvY K‡ib 01. †Kvb weÁvbx wbDwK¬qv‡mi †µv‡gv‡mvg Avwe®‹vi K‡ib?[MBSTU:B, 16-17] A. Walter Flemming C. Robert Brown Ans B Whywewfbœ weÁvbxi Ae`vb: Flemming- Penicillin Avwe®‥vi K‡ib| Strasburger-†µv‡gv‡mvg Avwe®‥vi K‡ib| Robert brown-wbDwK¬qvm Avwe®‥vi K‡ib| wbDwK¬qvm Avwe®‥vi K‡ib B. Strasburger D. Altman wn‡÷vjwR I GbvUwg‡Z Ae`vb iv‡Lb [JU:D&B;Set-A,18-19] B. Robertson D. Davidson Ans C  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

48  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  HSTU 01.ivB‡ev‡mvg Avwe®‹vi K‡ib ‡K? [HSTU.14-15] A. c¨v‡jW B. K¬W C. K¨vwg‡jv MjwM D. †eÛv Ans A STEP 03 †Kvl I Gi MVb ASPECT BIOLOGY DAT 01. †K KZ mv‡j wbDwK¬qvm Avwe¯‹vi K‡ib? A.ievU© eªvDb, 1831 mv‡j C.†eÛv, 1898 mv‡j 02.wbDwK¬qv‡m †µv‡gv‡mvg Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? A.W. Waldyer in 1888 C.Walter Flamming in 1882 D.Strasburger in 1875 [DAT. 04-05] B.MjwM, 1819 mv‡j D.†cvU©vi, 1945 mv‡j Ans A ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & DENTAL QUESTION MAT [DAT. 03-04; DU. 01-02; RU. 08-09, 10-11; JnU. 14-15] B.Gregon Johan Medel in 1857 01.wb‡gœi †K Dw™¢‡ì gvB‡µvwUDweDjmm Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? A.†fèvM© B.c¨vjv‡W C.f¨vb †eb‡Wb †Kv‡li cÖKvi‡f` [MAT. 10-11] D.†cvU©viAns D Ans D   Item-03 : †Kvl wbDwK¬qv‡mi MV‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i kvixie„Ëxq Kv‡Ri Dci wfwË K‡i Rbb †Kvl †`n †Kvl BDK¨vwiIwUK/cÖK…Z‡Kvlx †cÖvK¨vwiIwUK/Avw`‡Kvlx Rb‡b Ask †bq n (n¨vcø‡qW)  D`v: kyµvYy, wW¤^vYy  myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K bv  DNA e„ËvKvi (wbDwK¬I‡qW) A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm c×wZ‡Z wefvRb nq ivB‡ev‡Rvg 70S cÖK…wZi AevZ k^mb N‡U  D`v: Bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Myxobacteria, Actinomycota, Nostoc, Anabaena, Mycoplasma, g‡biv iv‡Rï mevB| †`n MV‡b Ask †bq  2n (wWcø‡qW)  D`v: AveiYx †Kvl, †cwk †Kvl, ¯œvqy †Kvl, i³ KwYKv  myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K  DNA m~ÎvKvi gvB‡Uvwmm I wg‡qvwmmc×wZ‡Z wefvRb nq ivB‡ev‡Rvg 80S cÖK…wZi mevZ k^mb N‡U  D`v: •kevj, QÎvK, Bryophyta, Pteriodophyta, Gymnosperm, AngiospermGes mKj Dw™¢` I cÖvYx †Kvl| Ae¯ v‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i Dw™¢` †Kvl(†Kvl cÖvPxi, cÖvYx‡Kvl (†Kvl cÖvPxi, †Kvl MnŸi, cøvw÷W we`¨gvb) cøvw÷W Abycw¯ Z ev AwZ ÿz`ª)  Dw™¢`‡Kvl I cÖvwY‡Kv‡li cv_©K¨: cv_©‡Kï welq Dw™¢`‡Kvl cÖvwY‡Kvl †KvlcÖvPxi _v‡K, †mjy‡jvR wbwg©Z, cyiæ, †f`¨ _v‡K bv gvB‡µvwfjvB _v‡K bv _v‡K cøvw÷W _v‡K (e¨wZµg-QÎvK) _v‡K bv †m‡›Uªv‡Rvg _v‡K bv _v‡K f¨vKzIj AcwiYZ †Kv‡l AmsL¨, cwiYZ †Kv‡l GKwU ev `ywU eo AvK…wZi msL¨vq A‡bK Kg Ges †QvU AvK…wZi jvB‡mv‡Rvg _v‡K bv _v‡K wc‡bvmvBwUK MnŸi MwVZ nq bv MwVZ nq cøvR‡gv‡WRgvUv MwVZ nq nq bv (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi, wejwKm evby g¨vWvg, AvwReyi m¨vi)     WRITTEN WRITTEN SUGGESTION SUGGESTION SAQ Short Ans Question BAQ Broad Ans Question Dw™¢` (Plant) I cÖvYxi (Animal) ga¨Kvi cv_©K¨ weÁv‡bi fvlvq Av‡jvPbv Ki| DËi: Dw™¢` I cÖvYxi cv_©K¨: [JnU. 18-19, Shift-2] Dw™¢` cÖvYx Dw™¢` cÖvYx †Kv‡l †KvlcÖPxi _v‡K _v‡K bv †Kvl wefvR‡bi mgq A¨v÷vi Zš‧ we”QzwiZ nq bv A¨v÷vi Zš‧ we”QzwiZ nq †Kv‡l †KvlMnŸi _v‡K _v‡K bv wefvR‡bi mgq †Kvl‡cøU •Zwi nq †Kvl‡cøU •Zwi nq bv †mw›UªIj _v‡K bv †mw›UªIj _v‡K PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i bv PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIEScvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm 

49 ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  cÖK…Z †Kvl Kx? DËi: †h †Kv‡l AveiYx‡ewóZ wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K Zv‡K cÖK…Z †Kvl e‡j| †Kvl I Gi MVb [mKj. †ev. 2018] Rbb †Kvl Kx? DËi: †h․b cÖRb‡bi Rb¨ wWcø‡qW Rx‡ei Rbbv‡½ gv‡qvwmm cÖwµqvq Drcbœ n¨vcø‡qW †Kvl‡K Rbb‡Kvl e‡j| [mKj. †ev. 2018] Ae¯’vb I Kvh©‡f‡` †Kvl KZ cÖKvi? DËi: Ae¯ vb Abymv‡i †Kvl `yB cÖKvi| h_v- i.Dw™¢`‡Kvl ii.cÖvYx‡Kvl| kvixie„Ëxq Kv‡Ri wfwË‡Z/Kvh©‡f‡` †Kvl `yB cÖKv‡ii| h_v- i.†`n‡Kvl ii.Rbb‡Kvl| Avw`‡Kvl Kx? DËi: †h †Kv‡l †Kv‡bv AveiYx‡ewóZ wbDwK¬qvm, GgbwK AveiYx‡ewóZ Ab¨‡Kv‡bv A½vYyI _v‡K bv Zv‡K Avw`‡Kvl e‡j| [Kz. †ev. 2016] [h. †ev. 2016] Avw`‡Kvl I cÖK…Z‡Kv‡li cv_©K¨ wjL| DËi: Dc‡ii As‡ki Av‡jvPbv †`L|     REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     02. GKwU Av`k© †cÖvK¨vwiIwUK †Kv‡l ivB‡ev‡mv‡gi AvKvi A. 30S B. 50S [IU:D,12-13] Ans C STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION C. 70S D. 80S JnU STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION 01.Rbb †Kv‡li †µv‡gv‡mvg nj- [JnU. 11-12] A.2n B.n 02.†Kvb †Kvl‡K Avw`‡Kvl ejv nqÑ A.gvB‡UvKwÛªqv bv _vK‡j B.myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm bv _vK‡j C.†Kv‡l DNAAbycw¯ Z _vK‡jD.†Kvl †cÖvwUb I DNAØviv •Zwi n‡jAns B JU 01. †cÖvK¨vwiIwUK †Kv‡l †Kvb A½uvYy we`¨gvb? A. MjwR ewW C.ivB‡ev‡mvg C.4n D.3n Ans B JUST [JnU. 10-11] 01. †Kvb A½vYywU †cÖvK¨vwiIU I BDK¨vwiI‡U Dcw¯’Z Av‡Q? A. wbDwK¬qvm C.ivB‡ev‡mvg 02. †cÖvK¨vwiIwUK †Kv‡l _v‡K bv- A. wbDwK¬qvm C.†µv‡gv‡Rvg [JUST. 17-18] B.gvB‡UvKwÛªqv D.†Kvl cÖvPxi Ans C [JUST. 12-13; RU. 04-05] [JU. 16-17; KU. 11-12] B. wbDwK¬qvi AveiYx D. cøvRwgW B.gvB‡UvKwÛªqv D.G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg Ans B Ans C BSMRSTU RU 01. Avw`‡Kv‡l †bB- A. myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm B. †KvlwSjøx C. ivB‡ev‡Rvg D. wW.Gb.G Ans A WhyAvw`‡Kv‡li •ewkó¨:  myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm †bB  GKwU gvÎ e„ËvKvi DNA_v‡K  ivB‡ev‡mvg 70S D`v: gvB‡KvcøvRgv, e¨vK‡Uwiqv, mvqv‡bve¨vK‡Uwiqv| [BSMRSTU:H, 17-18] 01.myMwVZ wbDwK¬qvm hy³ †Kvl‡K ejv nq- A.†cÖvK¨wiIwUK †Kvl C.K¨vwiIwUK †Kvl 02.†cÖvK¨vwiIwUK †Kv‡li AvqZb KZ gvB‡µvwgUvi? A. 0.3 - 10 B. 0.5 - 10 03.wb‡Pi †KvbwU Prokaryotic Rxe? A. QÎvK C.E. coli [RU. 12-13] B.BDK¨vwiIwUK †Kvl D. wbDK¨vwiIwUK †Kvl Ans B [RU. 09-10] C. 6 - 10 D. 5 - 10 Ans B [RU. 09-10] B.•kevj D.Polio Virus Ans C HSTU CU 01. Avw`‡Kv‡l myMwVZ †µv‡gv‡mvg Gi msL¨v- A. †ewk B. _v‡K bv Avw`‡Kv‡li wbDwK¬qvm myMwVZ bq A_©vr G‡Z wbDwK¬qvi Ans B Why [HSTU.15-16] D. ¯^í _v‡K 01. wn‡÷vb-†cÖvwU‡bi mv‡_ mshy³ Ae¯’vq DNA-†K ejv nq?[CU. 19-20] A.†µvgvwUW B.wbDwK¬I‡Rvg C.†mv‡jb‡qW Ans B WhyAvw`‡Kv‡l e„ËvKvi wWGbG hv gy³fv‡e Qov‡bv _v‡K Zv‡K wbDwK¬A‡qW e‡j| 02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖK…Z †Kvl Øviv MwVZ? A. Chlorella B. Nostoc C. E.coli D. Prion E.Spirulina 03.Rbb †Kvl‡K ejv nqÑ [CU:H, 11-12] A.M¨v‡gU B.RvB‡MvU 04. BDK¨vwiI‡Ui ivB‡ev‡mvg †Kvb ai‡Yi? A. 25S B. 80S C. Kg D. BD‡µvgvwUb wSwjø, wbDwK¬Ijvm, †µv‡gv‡mvg BZ¨vw` †bB| [CU:F1, 16-17] STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & DENTAL QUESTION Ans A MAT 01. wb‡Pi †Kvb Rx‡e Avw`‡Kvl _v‡K? A. •kevj Ans B WhyAvw` †Kvl Øviv MwVZ Rxe n‡jv Avw`‡Kvlx (Prokaroytic) Rxe, †hgb : gvB‡KvcøvRgv, e¨vK‡Uwiqv I mvqv‡bve¨vK‡Uwiqv Ges g‡biv [MAT. 19-20] D. QÎvK C. nvBweªW D.†cvjvwiwUAns A [CU. 06-07] D. 70S B. e¨vK‡Uwiqv C. eªv‡qvdvBUm C. 50S Ans B IU iv‡R¨i me RxeB Avw`‡Kvlx| 01.Avw`‡Kv‡l AveiYx †ewóZ A½vYy n‡jv- A. wbDwK¬qvm C.jvB‡mv‡mvg [IU. 16-17] cÖK…Z †Kvl Øviv MwVZ Rxe n‡jv cÖK…Z †Kvlx (Eukaroytic) Rxe, †hgb: •kevj, QÎvK, eªv‡qvdvBUm, †Uwi‡WvdvBUm, wRg‡bv¯úvg© Ges B.gvB‡UvKwÛªqv D.†KvbwUB bq Ans D A¨vbwRI¯úvg©m|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIEScvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm 

50  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Dw™¢` †Kv‡l _v‡K bv? [MAT. 19-20] A. †Kvl cÖvPxi B. cøvw÷W C. mwÂZ Lv`¨ †k¦Zmvi D. †m‡›Uªv‡mvg Ans D WhymvaviYZ Dw™¢` †Kv‡l †m‡›Uªv‡mvg _v‡K bv| Z‡e gmeMx©q, dvY©eMx©q I bMœexRx Dw™¢‡` †m‡›Uªv‡mvg cvIqv hvq| cøvw÷W, †Kvl I Gi MVb ASPECT BIOLOGY 05.mycvi wKsWg BDK¨vwiIUvi •ewkó¨ bq †KvbwU A.wbDwK¬Ijvm I wbDwK¬qvi †gg‡eªb Av‡Q B.ivB‡ev‡mvg eo, gy³ I AveiYx‡Z hy³ C.A‡cib Av‡Q D.†Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqv gvB‡Uvwmm 06.Dw™¢`‡Kvl‡K cÖvwY‡Kvl †_‡K mvaviYZ Avjv`v Kiv hvq †Kej G R‡b¨ †h, Dw™¢` †Kv‡l Av‡Q- [MAT. 04-05] Ans C †Kvl cÖvPxi I †k¦Zmvi Dw™¢` †Kv‡l Dcw¯ Z| [MAT. 94-95, 93-94] 03.†KvbwU Avw` †Kv‡li •ewkó¨ bq?/ cÖK…Z †Kv‡li †ejvq cÖ‡hvR¨- A.mywbw`©ó wbDwK¬qvm †bB B.Gi †µv‡gv‡mvg Avw` †µv‡gv‡mvg C.G‡Z †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ _v‡K bv D.gvB‡Uvwmm cÖwµqvq †Kvl wefvRb nq/ mywbw`©ó wbDwK¬qvm Av‡Q/ mv‡jvKms‡kølY †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ Øviv msNwUZ nq 07.Avw` †Kvl †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq? A.bxjvf meyR •kevj/ gvB‡KvcøvRgv B. fvBivm C.eªv‡qvdvBUv 01.wb‡Pi †KvbwU Dw™¢` †Kv‡l Abycw¯’Z? A. †mjy‡jvR B. KvBwUb Ans B WhyKvBwUb QÎv‡Ki †KvlcÖvPx‡ii gyL¨ Dcv`vb †hwU Dw™¢‡` Abycw¯ Z _v‡K| †mjy‡jvR Dw™¢` †Kv‡li cÖavb Dcv`vb| A.†Kvl cÖvPxi I gvB‡UvKwÛªqv C.†Kvl cÖvPxi I †K›`ªxq MnŸi B.MjwM ewW I †K›`ªxq MnŸi D.†µv‡gv‡mvg I gvB‡UvKwÛªqvAns C [MAT. 90-91, 92-93; RU. 16-17] [MAT. 13-14, 99-00, 94-95] D. QÎvK Ans A Ans D DAT 04.wb‡¤œi †Kvb Dw³wU BDK¨vwiIwUK (my‡Kw›`ªK) wbDwK¬qv‡mi †ejvq cÖ‡hvR¨ bq? [DAT. 19-20] C. dm‡dvwjwcW D. †K¬v‡ivwdj [MAT. 12-13] A.†Kv‡li mKj cÖKvi Kvh© wbqš¿Y K‡i B.Bnv †Kvl¯  mvB‡UvcøvR‡g Aew¯ Z GKwU we‡kl Ask C.GKvwaK †µv‡gv‡Rvg _v‡K D.Bnv wSwjø Øviv Ave„Z bq 02.wb‡¤œi †KvbwU‡Z n¨vcø‡qW †Kvl _v‡K? A.åƒYvYy [DAT. 08-09] Ans D B.Dw™¢` †Kvl C.cÖvYx‡Kvl D. ïµvYy Ans D †Kvl cwigv‡ci GKK mg~n   Item-04 : mvaviYZ †Kvl Ges †Kv‡li DcvskMy‡jvi cwigv‡ci Rb¨ gvB‡µvwgUvi ev gvBµb ()I b¨v‡bvwgUvi GKK eënvi Kiv nq|  1 nm= 109m, 1 Å= 1010m GKK gvb †mw›UwgUvi (cm) 1cm = 0.4 inch Lvwj †Pv‡L †`Lv hvq (†hgb- wWg) wgwjwgUvi (mm) 1mm = 0.1 cm Lvwj †Pv‡L `„k¨gvb, Z‡e AYyex¶Y h‡š¿cwi®‥vifv‡e †`Lv hvq| gvB‡µvwgUvi (m) 1m = 0.001mm Av‡jvK AYyex¶Y h‡š¿ †`Lv hvq †ewki fvM †Kvl Dcvskmg~n| b¨v‡bvwgUvi (nm) 1 nm = 0.001m B‡jKUªb AYyex¶Yh‡š¿ †`Lvhvq Ggb †Kvl Dcvskmg~n| A¨vs÷ªg (Å) 1 Å = 0.1nm B‡jKUªbAYyex¶Y h‡š¿ G·‡i cÖwµqvq †`Lv hvq Ggb †Kvl Dcvskmg~n| eënvi     REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     05.1Å = A.0.1nm C.0.001nm [RU. 08-09] STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION B.0.01nm D.0.0001nm RU Ans A 01.GK b¨v‡bvwgUvi mgvb KZ wgUvi? A. 109 wgUvi C. 1012 wgUvi 02.1 gvB‡µvwgUvi ( m) = KZ wgwjwgUvi (mm)? A. 102 B. 103 03.†Kvl cwigv‡ci GKK bq †KvbwU? A. wgUvi C.gvB‡µvwgUvi 04.1 G¨vs÷ªg = KZ wgUvi? A.10-3 B.10-6 wek¦we`¨vjq I cÖ‡KŠkj fwZ© cixÿv_©x‡ì c~Y©v½ cÖ¯‘wZi M„nwkÿ‡Ki weKí GKgvÎ mnvwqKv... [RU. 13-14, 11-12] IU B. 107 wgUvi D. 105 wgUvi [IU. 13-14] 01.†Kvl cwigv‡ci GKK- A. wgwjwgUvi Ans A B.gvB‡µvwgUvi C. A¨vs÷ªg D. me¸wj Ans B [RU. 13-14] Ans B [RU. 12-13] C. 104 D. 105 STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & DENTAL QUESTION MAT B.wgwjwgUvi D. b¨v‡bvwgUvi 01.†Kv‡li gvc eySv‡Z †Kvb GKK eëüZ nq? A. A¨vs÷ªg C.b¨v‡bvwgUvi [MAT. 88-89] Ans A B. gvBµb D.Dc‡ii †KvbwUB bq [RU. 10-11] Ans D Ans BC C.10-9 D.10-10 Avm‡c± evsjv  ASPECT MATH ASPECT BIOLOGY ASPECT PHYSICS CHEMISTRY PLUS ASPECT ENGLISH  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIEScvVëB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm 

51 ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  †Kv‡li MVb †Kvl I Gi MVb   Item-05 : Av`k© Dw™¢`‡Kvl Ro e¯‧ (c`v_©) †cÖv‡UvcøvRg (†Kvl¯  mRxe e¯‧) †Kvl cÖvPxi †Kvl¯  wbR©xe e¯‧ †Kvl wSwjø mvB‡UvcøvRg wbDwK¬qvm wbDwK¬qvi Gb‡fjc wbDwK¬‡qvcøvRg mwÂZ c`v_© wbtm„Z c`v_© eR©¨ c`v_© †Kvlxq A½vYy mvB‡UvgvZ…Kv wbDwK¬‡qvjvm (mvB‡Uv‡mvj) wbDwK¬qvi †iwUKzjvg Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU ni‡gvb †iwRb cøvw÷W ev †µv‡gv‡mvg †cÖvwUb wcM‡g›U U¨vwbb gvB‡UvKwÛªqv GbRvBg Mvg (AvVv) wjwcW G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg j¨v‡U· †bKUvi BZ¨vw` ivB‡ev‡mvg †Kvlxq K¼vj ev mvB‡Uv‡¯‥wjUb A¨vjKvj‡qW MjwM ewW cviAw·‡mvg •Re A¨vwmW jvB‡mv‡mvg MøvBAw·‡mvg DØvqx †Zj †m‡›Uªv‡mvg †Kvl MnŸi LwbR c`v_©  wSwjøe× †KvlA½vby mg~‡ni bvg: gv G f‡ei cvMj gvgvB‡UvKwÛªqv GG‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg f f¨vKzIj †e†fwmKj iivB‡ev‡mvg (hy³) cv cøvw÷W+cvi Aw·‡mvg MMjwMe¯‧ jjvB‡mv‡mvg (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi, AvwReyi m¨vi)     WRITTEN WRITTEN SUGGESTION SUGGESTION SAQ Short Ans Question BAQ Broad Ans Question wSjøxwenxb A½vYy¸‡jvi bvg wjL| DËi: †Kvl MnŸi, MøvBAw·‡mvg, †Kvlxq K¼vj ev mvB‡Uv‡¯‥wjUb, †mw›UªIj, ivB‡ev‡mvg (gy³) BZ¨vw`|     REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     02.†Kvb †Kvl A½vYyi wSjøx AveiY †bB? A.MjwR e¯‧ C.wgD‡Kvcøv÷ [CU:H,11-12] STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION B.jvB‡mv‡Rvg D.ivB‡ev‡Rvg DU [DU. 06-07; CU:F1, 16-17] B. Lysosome D. Ribosome Ans C 01.†KvbwU wSwjø Av”Qvw`Z †Kvl A½vYy bq? A. Microtubule/†mw›UªIj C. Golgi apparatus STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION Ans A MBSTU CU 01.wSwjøwenxb †Kvlxq A½vYy †KvbwU? A.†fwmKj C.ivB‡ev‡mvg [MBSTU. 12-13; JU. 10-11; CU. 11-12] B.jvB‡mv‡mvg D.cviw·‡mvg 01.†Kvb †Kvl A½vYy wØ¯Íix †gg‡eªb Øviv Ave„Z bq? A.†K¬v‡ivcøv÷ B.MjwR Kg‡cø· C.jvB‡mv‡Rvg D.ivB‡ev‡Rvg E.cviAw·‡Rvg [CU. 15-16] Ans C Ans D  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIEScvV¨eB‡K mnR Kivi cÖqvm 

52  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES   CONCEPT 02 †Kvl¯’ Ro e¯‘ †Kvl I Gi MVb ASPECT BIOLOGY †KvlcÖvPxi   Item-01 :  Dw™¢` †Kv‡li Abb¨ •ewkó¨|  A`ªeYxq K¨vjwmqvg †cK‡UU I g¨vM‡bwmqvg †cK‡UU jeY †K †cKwUb e‡j|  cÖvYx †Kv‡l †Kvl cÖvPxi _v‡K bv|  †Kvl cÖvPx‡i 40% †mjy‡jvR, 20% †nwg‡mjy‡jvR, 30% †cKwUb I 10% MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb _v‡K|  `ywU cvkvcvwk †Kv‡li cÖvPx‡ii m~² wQ`ª c‡_ bjvKvi mvB‡UvcøvRwgK ms‡hvM ¯ vwcZ nq G‡K cøvR‡gv‡WmgvUve‡j| wPÎ:†Kvl cÖvPx‡ii AvYyexÿwYK wPÎ †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii MVb 3rd Layer : Secondary Wall †m‡KÛvix cÖvPxi Primary wallGi mv‡_ Cellulose I wjMwbb Rgv n‡q MwVZ nq 1st Layer : Middle Lamella ga¨ c`v© cÖavbZ †cÖvwUb I wjwcW wbwg©Z d«vM‡gvcøv÷ I MjwM e¯‧ †_‡K Avmv †cKwUb w`‡q MwVZ AwaK cwigv‡b †cKwUK GwmW_v‡K mKj †Kv‡l cvIqv hvq ga¨c`©v‡K wcU †gg‡eªb e‡j 2nd Layer : Primary Wall cÖv_wgK cÖvPxi Cellulose I Hemicellulose hy³ n‡q MwVZ nq MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb_v‡K  bZzb †Kv‡l _v‡K 1-3 m cyiæ †Kvb †Kvb cÖvPx‡i my‡ewib_v‡K ¯ vqx †Kv‡l _v‡K 5-10 m cyiæ  XyloglucanbvgK †nwg‡mjy‡jvR cÖvPxi MV‡b µm wjsK wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|  gy‡LvgywL `ywU K‚c‡K wcU †cqvie‡j|  gvB‡mwj‡K†KvlcÖvPx‡ii ¶z`ªZg GKK aiv nq|  †KvlcÖvPx‡ii cÖavb ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb †mjy‡jvR|  †mjy‡jvR AYy (1000-3000) †mjy‡jvR †PBb †mjy‡jvR AYy 1000-3000 –––––––†mjy‡jvR †PBb 20 100 wU gvB‡mwj 20wU gvB‡µvdvBweªj(†KvlcÖvPx‡ii MvVwbK GKK) 250 wU g¨v‡µvdvBweªj (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi, wejwKm evby g¨vWvg)     WRITTEN WRITTEN SUGGESTION SUGGESTION SAQ Short Ans Question BAQ Broad Ans Question †KvlcÖvPx‡ii KvR wjL| DËi: i. †Kv‡li mywbw`©ó AvK…wZ `vb Kiv; ii.evB‡ii AvNvZ n‡Z †fZ‡ii mRxe e¯‧‡K iÿv Kiv; iii.cÖ‡qvRbxq kw³ I `„pZv cÖ`vb Kiv; iv. cvwb I LwbR jeY †kvlY I cwien‡b mnvqZv Kiv Ges v.GK †Kvl‡K Ab¨ †Kvl n‡Z c„_K Kiv|  K~c Kx? DËi: K~c n‡jv †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii me‡P‡q cvZjv GjvKv| `ywU cvkvcvwk †Kv‡li K~c I GKwU AciwUi D‡ëvw`‡K gy‡LvgywL Aew¯ Z Ges K~c `ywUi gvSLv‡b [P. †ev. 2019] †Kej ga¨c`©v _v‡K| cøvR‡gv‡WmgvUv Kx? DËi: `ywU cvkvcvwk †Kv‡li cÖvPx‡ii m~² wQ`ª c‡_bjvKvi mvB‡UvcøvRwgK ms‡hvM ¯ vwcZ nq| G‡K cøvR‡gv‡WmgvUv (GKePb: cøvR‡gv‡Wmgv) e‡j| [P. †ev. 2017]  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

53 ASPECT BIOLOGY  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES      REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     †Kvl I Gi MVb STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION KU 01. cvkvcvwk Aew¯’Z †Kvlmg~n wb‡¤œv³ †KvbwUi gva¨‡g ms‡hvM ¯’vcb K‡i? A. cøvR‡gv‡WmgvUv C. wcU‡gg‡eªb Ans A WhywcU †gg‡eªb: `ywU cvkvcvwk †Kv‡li K~c I GKwU AciwUi D‡ëvw`‡K gy‡LvgywL Aew¯ Z Ges K~c `ywUi gv‡S †Kej ga¨c`©v DU [KU. 19-20] 01. †KvlcÖvPx‡ii ¶z`ªZg MvVwbK GKK- A. Micelle [DU. 18-19] Ans A B. gvB‡µvdvBweªj D. †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ B. Microfibril C. Fibril D. Fibre JU 01.Dw™¢` †Kv‡li Abb¨ •ewkó¨ nj- A.ivB‡ev‡Rvg C.†KvlcÖvPxi 02.†Kvl ga¨c`©vq †Kvb Dcv`vbwUi cwigvY me‡P‡q †ekx? [JU. 15-16, 11-12] A.K¨vjwmqvg †cK‡UU/†mjy‡jvR C.†cKwUK GwmW 03.†KvbwU †KvlcÖvPx‡ii Dcv`vb bq?[JU. 14-15, 11-12; BSMRSTU-H. 18-19] A.my‡ewib B. wjMwbb ga¨c`©vq AwaK cwigv‡Y _v‡K †cKwUK A¨vwmW| G Qvov Ans D Why [JU. 17-18] _v‡K, GB ga¨c`©v‡K wcU †gg‡eªb e‡j| B.gvB‡UvKwÛªqv D. wbDwK¬qvm †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷: †Kvl cÖvPxi Øviv cwi‡ewóZ mgy`q c`v_© GKmv‡_ †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ bv‡g cwiwPZ| Ans C gvB‡µvdvBwej: gvB‡mwj †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii ÿz`ªZg MvVwbK GKK| cÖvq 20wU gvB‡mwj wg‡j GKwU gvB‡µvdvBwej MwVZ nq| B.g¨vM‡bwmqvg †cK‡UU/MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb D.†cÖv‡Uv‡cKwUb/†nwg‡mjy‡jvRAns C STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION C. KvBwUb D.MøvB‡Kv‡Rb BSMRSTU A`ªeYxq K¨vjwmqvg †cK‡UU Ges g¨vM‡bwmqvg †cK‡UU jeY _v‡K- hv‡K 01. Dw™¢` I cÖvYx †Kvl‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb •ewkó¨ Øviv c„_K Kiv hvq? A. Nucleus C. Mitrocondiea †Kvl cÖvPxi Dw™¢` †Kv‡li Abb¨ •ewkó¨ hv ïay Dw™¢` Ans B Why †cKwUb e‡j| †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv cÖvPx‡i my‡ewib _v‡K| A‡bK †m‡KÛvwi cÖvPx‡i wjMwbb _v‡K| Dw™¢‡ì †Kvl cÖvPx‡i MøvB‡Kv‡Rb _v‡K bv| [BSMRSTU-H. 2018-19] B.Cell Well D.Golgi apperatus 04.cÖv_wgK †KvlcÖvPx‡i †Kvb Dcv`vbwU Abycw¯’Z? A. wjMwbb C.†nwg‡mjy‡jvR 05.†KvbwU †nwg‡mjy‡jvR bq? A.RvB‡jb C.Aïv‡eb [JU. 11-12] B.†mjy‡jvR D.MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb †Kv‡lB cvIqv hvq, cÖvYx †Kv‡l cvIqv hvq bv| Ans A [JU. 11-12] STEP 03 ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL & DENTAL QUESTION B.†cKwUb D. M¨vjKU¨vÝ Ans B MAT 01.Dw™¢‡ì †Kv‡l wb‡gœi †KvbwU Abycw¯’Z? A.†mjy‡jvR C. KvBwUb [MAT. 11-12] RU B.dm‡dvwjwcW D.†K¬v‡ivwdj 01.GKwU †Kv‡li mv‡_ Avi GKwU †Kv‡li ÒB›UviKv‡bKwUs wUmyïÓ bvg wK? Ans C [RU:G ,10-11] A. cøvRgv B.cøvRgv‡jgv C.cøvR‡gv‡WmgvUv D.cøvRgv †gg‡eªbAns C CU 01.Dw™¢` †Kv‡li †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii cÖavb Dcv`v‡bi bvg- [CU. 16-17, 13-14; CU. 02-03; BAU. 06-07] A.†cÖvwUb B. wjwcW 02.Dw™¢` †Kv‡li ewniveiY nj  A.U‡bvcøv÷ B.cøvRgv †gg‡eªb C.†Kvl cÖvPxi D. wcU cÖvPxi E.†KvbwU bq wbR©xe e¯‘ DAT 01.†Kvl cÖvPxi cÖavbZ wb‡Pi†KvbwU w`‡q MwVZ nq? A. Cellulose C. Chitin 02.g¨v‡µvdvBweª‡j wb‡gœi KZ (%) †nwg‡mjy‡jvR _v‡K? A. 10-25 C. 5-15 [DAT.18-19] B. Lipoprotein D. Keratin Ans A C.†jwmw_b D.†mjy‡jvRAns D [CU. 15-16] [DAT .10-11] B. 10-30 D. 5-10 Ans C Ans C   Item-02 : wbR©xe e¯‘‡K wZbfv‡M Kiv hvq: 01. mwÂZ c`v_©- mwÂZ c`v‡_©i AwaKvskB mwÂZ Lv`¨ wnmv‡e weivR K‡i| D`vniY- kK©iv, Avwgl, Pwe©| Dw™¢`‡Kv‡li Abb¨ •ewkó¨ wK...?? 02.wbtm„Z c`v_©:cÖavb wbtm„Z c`v_©-PHEN P wcM‡g›U ni‡gvb H E N GbRvBg †bKUvi 03. eR©¨ c`v_©:†cÖv‡UvcøvR‡gi †gUvewjK Kvh© cÖwµqvq DcRvZ wnmv‡e Drcbœ c`v_© mg~n| cªavb LwbR wµóvj n‡jv K¨vjwmqvg A·v‡jU| Giv m~‡Pi gZ Ae¯ vb Ki‡j i¨vdvBW e‡j, Av½y‡ii †_vKvi gZ K¨vjwmqvg Kve©‡b‡Ui wµóvj‡K wm‡óvwj_ e‡j| D`vniY-†iwRb, U¨vwbb, Mvg, j¨v‡U·, A¨vjKvj‡qW, •Re GwmW, DØvqx †Zj, LwbR c`v_©| (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

54  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES      REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     †Kvl I Gi MVb ASPECT BIOLOGY STEP 01 ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION KU 01.†KvbwU †Kv‡li wbRx©e e¯‘- A. cøvw÷W  CONCEPT 03 †Kvl¯’ mRxe e¯‘ [KU. 10-11] Ans B B. GbRvBg C.MjwRe¯‧ D.†m‡›Uªv‡mvg †cÖv‡UvcøvRg   Item-01 :  †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷: †Kvl cÖvPxi Øviv cwi‡ewóZ mgyØq c`v_©‡K GK‡Î †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ e‡j wcM‡g›U wK RvZxq c`v_©...??  †cÖv‡UvcøvRg: †Kv‡li Af¨šÍ‡i Aa©-¯^”Q, AvVv‡jv, Ges †Rwji b¨vq Aa© Zij, KjqWvj ag©x mRxe c`v_©‡K†cÖv‡UvcøvRg e‡j|  †cÖv‡UvcøvR‡gi •RweK •ewkó¨B Rx‡ei •ewkó¨ (nv·‡ji g‡Z, †cÖv‡UvcøvRg Rxe‡bi †f․Z wfwË)  †cÖv‡UvcøvR‡gi Pjb: †Kvl cÖvPxihy³ †cÖv‡UvcøvR‡g Rj‡¯ªv‡Zi gZ †h Pjb †`Lv hvq Zv‡K AveZ©b ev mvB‡K¬vwmm e‡j| AveZ©b `yB cÖKvi: (i) GKgyLx AveZ©b- cvZv SuvwS (ii) eûgyLx AveZ©b- Tradescantia (†Kvl¯  †cÖv‡UvcøvRg) (Ref: nvmvb m¨vi)     REAL TEST ANALYSIS OF PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS     ANALYSIS OF GENERAL UNIVERSITY QUESTION STEP 01 RU 01.†KvbwU cÖvYx ev Dw™¢‡`i mKj †gŠwjK •RweK KvR m¤úbœ K‡i? A.mvB‡UvcøvRg C.gvB‡UvKwÛªqv [RU. 12-13] JU B.†cÖv‡UvcøvRg D.†cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv 01.Ô†cÖv‡UvcøvRg n‡”Q Rxe‡bi †fŠZ wfwËÕ-Dw³wU Kvi? A. cvwK©b‡R C. c¨v‡jW Ans B Why†cÖv‡UvcøvRg m¤úwK©Z Z_¨: weÁvbx nv·‡jÕi g‡Z †cÖv‡UvcøvRg n‡”Q Rxe‡bi †f․Z wfwË| weÁvbx cvwK©bwR me©cÖ_g †cÖv‡UvcøvRg kãwU e¨envi K‡ib| 02.†cÖv‡UvcøvR‡g cvwbi cwigvY KZ? A. 70-80% C. 70-90% Ans C Why†Kv‡li Af¨šÍ‡i ¯^”Q, AvVv‡jv Ges †Rwji b¨vq Aa©Zij, KjqWvjagx© mRxe c`v_©‡K †cÖv‡UvcøvRg e‡j| GwU †Kv‡li Z_v †`‡ni mKj [JU: Unit-D; Set-I,19-20] Ans B B. nv·‡j D. wm½vi CU 01.GKwU cÖvYx †Kvl KqwU †cÖv‡UvcøvRgxq Ask wb‡q MwVZ? A. 2wU C. 4wU [CU. 11-12] B. 3wU D. 5wU E. 6wU Ans B STEP 02 ANALYSIS OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY QUESTION [JU: Unit-D; Set-M,19-20] B. 80-90% D. 60-70% PSTU 01. †Kv‡li †cÖv‡UvcøvR‡g me©vwaK Drcvw`Z •Re c`v_©wU wK? [PSTU:G, 17-18] A. Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU B. †cÖvwUb ivmvqwbK fv‡e †cÖv‡UvcøvR‡g •Re Ges A‣Re c`v_© Av‡Q| Ans B Why C. wjwcW D. KvBwUb †g․wjK •RweK Kvh©vw` m¤úbœ K‡i _v‡K| G Rb¨B †cÖv‡UvcøvRg‡K Rxe‡bi G‡Z AwaK cwigv‡b Av‡Q cvwb| •Re c`v‡_©i g‡a¨ me‡P‡q †ewk Av‡Q wewfbœ †f․Z wfwË wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv nq| G‡Z 70%-90% cvwb _v‡K| ai‡bi †cÖvwUb Gici Av‡Q Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU I wjwcW Ges wfUvwgb| cøvRgv‡gg‡eªb ev †KvlwSwjø   Item-02 : cÖwZwU mRxe †Kv‡li †cÖv‡UvcøvRg †h m~², w¯ wZ¯ vcK, •elg¨‡f`¨, wj‡cv-†cÖvwUb Øviv MwVZ mRxe wØ-¯Íix wSwjø w`‡q Ave„Z _v‡KZv‡K cøvRgv‡gg‡eªb ev †Kvl wSwjø e‡j|  ¯ v‡b ¯ v‡b †MÖvw_Z †cÖvwUbmn dm‡dvwjwcW evB‡jqvi‡K KL‡bvKL‡bv BDwbU †gg‡eªb ejv nq| †KvlwSjøxi Ab¨vb¨ bvg:†mj‡gg‡eªb, ev‡qv‡gg‡eªb, mvB‡Uv‡gg‡eªb, cøvRgv‡gg‡eªb, cøvRgv‡jgv, Aa©‡f`¨ wSjøx/‣elg¨‡f`¨wSjøx, cÖ‡f`K †f`¨ wSjøx, wbe©vPbg~jK †f`¨ wSjøx, Semipermeable membrane|  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT SERIES  ASPECT BIOLOGY  An Exclusive Parallel Text Book of Biology 

_Aspect Biology by sujan prodhan

_Aspect Biology by sujan prodhan

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Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Presented By: Neeraj Agrawal Sujan Pakala

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Forensic Biology by Richard Li

Sant Sujan Singh Ji International School

Forensic Biology by Richard Li