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Analysing water quality data entails reviewing and assessing the data to see if any errors were made during the sampling or analysis of the water quality sample or data entry. To detect any issues regarding data, a series of data checks should be performed.
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APPLICATIONSOF STATISTICALANALYSES ON WATER QUALITY DATAANDITSRECENT RESEARCHTRENDS AnAcademicpresentationby Dr.NancyAgnes,Head,TechnicalOperations,Statswork Group www.statswork.com Email:info@statswork.com
TODAY'SDISCUSSION Outline Introduction StatisticalTechniques FutureScope
INTRODUCTION Analysingwaterqualitydataentailsreviewingand assessingthedatatoseeifanyerrorsweremade duringthesamplingoranalysisofthewaterquality sampleor dataentry. To detect any issues regarding data, a series of data checksshould beperformed. Itincludesdatacheckinginthefirststage,i.e.data entry,whetherthedataiswithintherangeof parameters,dataiswithinthedetectionlimits,etc.
However,therearedifferentaspectsofwaterquality,andthetechniquessuitablefor eachfield are tabulatedin the followingsubsection. Onewaytoanalysethewaterqualitydataisusinggraphicaltechniques. The benefits of graphical representation of datainclude finding the data trend, findingoutliers in the data,etc.
STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES The common statistical analysis or techniques to handlewaterquality datais asfollows: Contd...
1.TRENDANALYSIS Itactsasanimportantfactorforwaterqualityanalysissinceithelpstheresearcher understandthe data's variability. Wang et al. (2020) proposed an innovative trend analysis to detect or identify the annualand seasonal rainfall pattern. Data collectionfrom different meteorological stations and compare the proposed methodwith Theil-Sentrend method Mann-Kendalltest. Theresultrevealedastrongtrendassociatedwithfloodanddroughtduringextreme rainfall. Contd...
These methods' validity showed that the proposed method detects the seasonal trendaccurately thanusing the othertwo test methods. OurDatacollectionservicehelpincollectcleandataandmaximizeyourimpact. Contd...
2.CORRELATION Correlation is basically to identify the relationship between two or more variables. It helpstoidentifythevariables whichcontrolthevariability inwaterqualitydata. Forexample,considerastudyonwaterflowingqualityonland,i.e.waterqualityinthe rivers. Onecantakedifferentresearchproblembasedontheriverdata. However, suppose our interest is to find the seasonality of water quality in selected areasand the land usage. Thecorrelationmatrixwilllooklikethefollowingtable1. Contd...
Table1:SampleCorrelationMatrix 3.REGRESSIONANALYSIS Regressionanalysishelpsfindtheaveragerelationshipbetweenthevariablesandis usefulto predict future outcomes. Contd...
AUTOCORRELATIONANALYSIS If we want to understand the relationship between two or more similar attributes measuredatdifferenttimepoints, thenautocorrelationanalysiscan beused. TESTINGSTATISTICALHYPOTHESIS STATISTICALMODELLING Itisusedtoidentifythebehaviorandpredictfutureoutcomesthroughamathematical formulation. Contd...
7.CONTROLCHARTS Itisusedtomonitortheprocessanddetectthedatavariabilityusingcontrollimits. Themostpopularisthemeanchartandrangechart. Ifanydatapointsarescatteredawayfromthelimits,theycanbeconsidereddefective andtreated as an outlier(s). However,selectingasuitablestatisticalanalysisorwaterqualityanalysistechnique dependson the dataand the research question. Thechoiceofsuitableanalyticaltechniqueisbasedondetectionlimits,i.e. Contd...
rangeofconcentrationofthechemicalcomponentinthewater,howmuchaccuracy andprecision are neededfor the researchproblem. Themostimportantisthesamplingstrategy. Statsworkprovidesuitableonlinestatisticalanalysisservicetogethighqualitydata.
FUTURESCOPE Therearenumerousstatisticalproceduresor techniquestoanalysethewaterqualitydata. Since water scarcity is increasing due to lack of rainfall inmanyregions,findingthewaterqualityforthe recycledwater,researchrelatedtoturningthehard water to soft water, etc. are considered future research scope.
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