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World Geography Chapter 1

World Geography Chapter 1. How Geographers Look at the World. Section 1. Themes of Geography. Five Themes of Geography. Geography Greek word geographia A “description of the earth” Location Where is it? Absolute Location Its precise position on the globe

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World Geography Chapter 1

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  1. World GeographyChapter 1 How Geographers Look at the World

  2. Section 1 Themes of Geography

  3. Five Themes of Geography • Geography • Greek word geographia • A “description of the earth” • Location • Where is it? • Absolute Location • Its precise position on the globe • They use imaginary lines to determine absolute location • Latitude and Longitude • Creates hemisphere • two halves

  4. Location (Con’t) • Latitude • Circle earth parallel to the equator measuring North and South • Equator 0º latitude • Poles are 90º (North) and 90º (south) Latitude • Longitude • Lines from pole to pole measuring east or west from Prime Meridian • Prime Meridian is over Greenwich, England

  5. Location (Con’t) • Absolute location • Gives the exact location • Dallas, Texas • 36ºN, 144ºW • Relative Location • Mostly used by standard people • Where it is in relationship to a person, place or thing • Ex. • Ash Grove is NW of Springfield • Campbell 16 is across from McDonald’s off of Campbell Ave.

  6. Place • What is it like there? • Type of land, water, weather, soil, plant and animal life • Also human activities and culture

  7. Human/Environment Interaction • What is the relationship between people and their environment? • Why do people visit Hawaii instead of Alaska? • How do humans adapt? • How have they damaged the environment?

  8. Movement • How are people and places connected? • Interested in the movement of goods, information and ideas • Region • Description of areas based on different characteristics • Midwest called the Bread Basket • Gulf Coast

  9. Geography and Other Subjects • Science and technology • Scientific method • GIS • GPS • Google Earth • History and political science • Historical designs • Past leaders • Political boundaries

  10. Geography and Other Subjects (Con’t) • Sociology and Anthropology • Study of society and culture • Economics • How the location of resources affects the way people make, transport and use goods

  11. Map Essentials • Key • Explains the symbols on a map • Unlocks the meanings of the map • Scale • Used to determine size of map • Hawaii map vs. Missouri map • Compass Rose • Used to determine direction • Latitude • Longitude

  12. Map Types • General purpose maps • Physical Map • Physical features of Earth’s surface • Political • Countries, states, cities, capitals, etc. • Special Purpose Maps • Ex. • Natural Resources… Road Maps

  13. Comparing Maps and Globes • Taking something round and making it flat • Ex. • Tennis Ball • Orange • Great Circle • Shortest distance between two spots on earth

  14. Map Projection • Mercator Projection • Fairly accurate however not with size or distance • Specifically at the poles • Conic Projection • Fairly accurate overall • Goode’s Interrupted Equal Area Projection • Show’s true size and shape • However distances are inaccurate

  15. Map Projections (Con’t) • Robinson’s Projection • Overall fairly accurate • However poles distorted • Gall-Peter’s Projection • Size accurate • Shapes and distances are inaccurate

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