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Sentence Structure Subject+ Verb+ Object (SVO) Rahul Play Cricket. Subject: the one doing the action Object: the thing receiving the action
“Voice” is a characteristic of verbs which indicates the relation of the verb’s action to its subject. The voice of a verb may be either “ACTIVE” or “PASSIVE” Active voice: A verb in this tense expresses an action performed by its subject Passive voice: A verb in this tense express an action done to its subject
Example: ACTIVE VOICE: The attendant found the file PASSIVE VOICE: The file was found by the attendant
When to use active voice • Active voice generally leads to more concise writing • It clarifies who is performing the action • Because it is simpler and more direct. It is usually more effective in academic and business writing Remember: Staying active is a healthy practice, especially in your writing!
When to use passive voice • When you do not wish to emphasize the subject of the sentence. Example: Smoking is prohibited. • When you wish to emphasize what happened and the person or thing acting is unknown or unimportant. Example : Poisonous gases were found in six factories..
Simple Present Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE Novel is read by him Are books purchased by him? Food is not cooked by him Plants are grown by them I am taught by her • He reads a novel • Does he purchase books? • He does not cook food • They grow plants • She teaches me
Exercises of Present Continuous Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE A song is being sung by Esha Vegetables are not being chopped by Kritika. Is a table bought by Ritika? Poor people are being served by them Dinesh is being disturbed by her. • Esha is singing a song • Kritika is not chopping vegetables. • Is Ritika buying a table? • They are serving poor people. • She is disturbing Dinesh.
Exercises of Present Perfect Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE She has been challenged by Nitesh An article has not been written by Radhika Has the apartment been left by them? This masterpiece has been created by her The newspaper has been read by me • Nitesh has challenged her • Radhika has not written an article • Have they left the apartment? • She has created this masterpiece • I have read the newspaper
Exercises of Past Simple Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE The floor was cleaned by Reema A bicycle was bought by Aisha My friends were called by Naman He was saved by me The bills were paid by Meera • Reema cleaned the floor • Aisha bought a bicycle • Naman called my friends • I saved him • Meera paid the bills
Exercise for Past Continuous Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE The wall was being painted by Nitika The car was being repaired by Manish Was the poem being recited (by her) The cake was being baked by her. I was being watched by her. • Nitika was painting the wall • Manish was repairing the car • Were you reciting the poem • She was baking the cake • She was watching me
Exercises of Past Perfect Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE The floor had been cleaned by Misha The parcel had not been received by Vidhi The doubt had been solved by Vishal Had the thief been caught by them? Fifty thousand had been paid by me. • Misha had cleaned the floor. • Vidhi had not received the parcel. • Vishal had solved the doubt. • Had they caught the thief? • I had paid fifty thousand.
Exercise of Future Simple Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE The bag will be sewed by Kriya The things will not be arranged by Disha Will the floor be mopped by you? The letter will be post by them Money will be saved by Reena • Kriya will sew the bag • Disha will not arrange the things • Will you mop the floor? • They will post the letter • Reena will save money
Exercises of Future Perfect Tense ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE The toy will have been bought by them The table cover will not have been changed by Nimesh Will the notes have been written by her? The match will have been won by them A shirt will have been washed by Vijay • They will have brought the toy • Nimesh will not have changed the table cover • Will she have written the notes? • They will have won the match • Vijay will have washed a shirt
IMPORTANT There is no Passive Voice formation for these tenses- 1.) Present Perfect Continuous Tense 2.) Past Perfect Continuous Tense 3.) Future Perfect Continuous Tense 4.) Future Continuous Tense
Exceptions 1. Use preposition ‘At’ instead of ‘by’ For the sentences with ‘surprised, annoyed, shocked, alarmed, disappointed, displeased, distressed, astonished, laughed’ as main verb • Active: His behavior annoyed me. • Passive: I was annoyed at his behavior.
Exceptions 2. Use preposition ‘To’ instead of ‘by’ For the sentences with ‘married, known, obliged’ as the main verbs • Active: Karan married Bipasha. • Passive: Bipasha was married to Karan.
Exceptions 3. Use preposition ‘with’ instead of ‘by’’ For the sentences with ‘pleased, disgusted, impressed, charmed, etc.’ as the main verbs. Active: Her performance impressed us. Passive: We were impressed with her performance.
Exceptions 4. Use preposition ‘in’ instead of ‘by’ For the sentences with ‘interested, consisted, absorbed, contained, etc.’ as the main verbs. • Active: This topic might interest students. • Passive: Students might be interested in this topic.
Exceptions 5. Use of ‘when’ For the sentences with ‘smell, taste, feel, etc.’ as the main verbs. • Active: Honey tastes sweet. • Passive: Honey is sweet when tasted.
