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Review Chapter

Review Chapter. Microcomputer Systems Hardware, Software, and the Operating System. Overview. Operating system of choice today is Windows 95/98. Overview. Previously MS-DOS was the operating system of choice. Overview. When using MS-DOS … only one application can

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Review Chapter

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  1. Review Chapter Microcomputer Systems Hardware, Software, and theOperating System Ch Review

  2. Overview Operating system of choice today is Windows 95/98 Ch Review

  3. Overview Previously MS-DOS was the operating system of choice. Ch Review

  4. Overview When using MS-DOS … • only one application can be run at any given time • there is no sharing of resources Ch Review

  5. Overview When using Windows … • more than one program can run at any given time • data can be shared between programs Ch Review

  6. Overview Still important to know DOS even though Windows 95 OS no longer requires it. Ch Review

  7. An Introduction to Computers Widespread use of computers in all sectors of our lives. Ch Review

  8. Categories of Computers Four major categories of computers: • Supercomputer • Mainframe • Minicomputer • Microcomputer Ch Review

  9. Computer Components Ch Review

  10. Computer Components For a computer to function it needs … • hardware • software • data Ch Review

  11. Microcomputer Hardware Components System configuration … the basic hardware components of a complete operating system. Ch Review

  12. Microcomputer Hardware Components Ch Review

  13. The System Unit System unit … houses the electronic and mechanical parts of the computer. Ch Review

  14. The System Unit Ch Review

  15. Central Processing Unit Central Processing Unit (CPU) … the brains of the computer. Ch Review

  16. Central Processing Unit Bus … a connection or path (wires) between the CPU and the input/output devices. Ch Review

  17. Random Access Memory Random Access Memory (RAM) … the workspace of the computer. Ch Review

  18. Cache Memory Cache Memory … a place in memory where data can be stored for quick access. Ch Review

  19. Read-only Memory Read-only memory (ROM) … designed to hold permanently stored programs installed by the computer manufacturer. Ch Review

  20. Read-only Memory ROM … is sometimes called Firmware. Ch Review

  21. Adapter Cards Adapter Cards … printed circuit boards installed in the computer to allow installation and use of peripheral devices. Ch Review

  22. Controllers Controller … determines number and kinds of devices that can be attached to a computer. Ch Review

  23. Input/Output Adapter Cards Input/Output (I/O) … the process of data and program instructions going in and out of the CPU. Ch Review

  24. Input/Output Adapter Cards Input/Output Adapter Cards … enables communication with devices. Ch Review

  25. Input/Output Adapter Cards A typical I/O card has both a … • serial port (COM port) • parallel port (LPT port) Ch Review

  26. Input/Output Adapter Cards Ch Review

  27. Peripherals:Input Devices Input Devices … used to get data or information into computer. Ch Review

  28. Peripherals:Output Devices Output Devices … used to view data or information that is in the computer. Ch Review

  29. Output Devices:Monitors The computer monitor is a common output device. Ch Review

  30. Output Devices:Monitors Monitor resolution is measured by the number of pixels on the screen. Ch Review

  31. Output Devices:Monitors There are two types of monitors available: • Interlaced • Non-interlaced Ch Review

  32. Output Devices:Monitors A video display adapter card (video card) controls the monitor. Ch Review

  33. Output Devices:Printers The printer is an output device that is used to produce a hard (paper) copy. Ch Review

  34. Modems Other output devices include … • phone modems • cable modems Ch Review

  35. Modems MOdulator/DEModulator (Modem) … translates digital signals into analog signals that travel over phone or cable lines. Ch Review

  36. DisksandDisk Drives External (Secondary) storage media … is needed in order to save information permanently. Ch Review

  37. DisksandDisk Drives Two types of common secondary storage media are: • Floppy disks • Hard disks Ch Review

  38. Capacity Measurement:Bits and Bytes A computer is made up of switches that are either in an “on” state or an “off” state. Ch Review

  39. Capacity Measurement:Bits and Bytes Binary digit (BIT) … the smallest unit that a computer can recognize. Ch Review

  40. Capacity Measurement:Bits and Bytes Byte … a unit of measurement that is comprised of eight bits. Ch Review

  41. Capacity Measurement:Bits and Bytes Computer storage and memory are both measured in bytes. Ch Review

  42. Floppy Disks The two types of floppy disks are the … • 3 - 1/2 inch disk • 5 - 1/4 inch disk Ch Review

  43. Floppy Disks Ch Review

  44. CD-ROMs Compact disc (CD) … a common transport and storage device for software. Ch Review

  45. CD-ROMs DVD is an enhancement of CD-ROM technology. Ch Review

  46. Removable Disks The removable disk is another type of external storage media. Ch Review

  47. Hard Disks The hard disk … • is a non-removable disk • holds more info than a removable floppy disk Ch Review

  48. Hard Disks Ch Review

  49. DividingtheDisk Disks are divided into numbered tracks and sectors. Ch Review

  50. DividingtheDisk Ch Review

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