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Greek and Roman Sculpture

Ancient Greece. Mycenaean Civilization: 1900

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Greek and Roman Sculpture

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    1. Greek and Roman Sculpture A Brief Survey

    3. Mycenaean Civilization: 1900 – 1100 B.C.E. Feudal Society Fortress-Palaces on Hilltops Skilled craftsmen, artists – ceramics, metalwork (gold, bronze) Extensive trade, warfare in Eastern Mediterranean Trojan War, ca. 1250 B.C.E.

    4. The Dark Ages: 1100 – 800 B.C.E. Dorian Invasions (Greeks) destroy Mycenaean Civilization Writing System, skilled craftsmen, artisans disappear Contact with other Eastern Mediterranean cultures very limited.

    5. Archaic Age: 800 – 479 B.C.E. Greek Culture begins to emerge Epic Poetry: Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey: ca. 800 B.C.E. Lyric Poetry: Sappho’s Poems: ca. 600 B.C.E. Architecture: The Doric Temple Temple of Hera at Paestum, ca. 560-550 B.C.E. Temple of Aphaia, Aegina, 510 B.C.E. Politics: Cleisthenes est. democracy in Athens: 508 B.C.E.

    6. Archaic Age Sculpture Kouros – nude male statues Kore – clothed female statues A new emphasis on the beauty of human body Seem to have depicted human heroes; Seem to have been used as memorials Early Kouros show strong Egyptian influence

    9. New York Kouros Egyptian Influence Left foot forward Clenched fists Rigid arms at sides Stylized hair Frontality Greek Innovation Greater attempt to represent human body accurately, e.g. knees

    10. Peplos Kore, Archaic Period, Limestone, ca. 600 B.C.E.

    15. Classical Greek Sculpture (Hellenic) Severe Style High classical style

    18. Severe Style: Transition from Archaic to Classical intended to convey nobility and dignity First phase of Greek classical sculpture

    19. Kritios Boy Contrapposto (counterpoise): a posture that places the body's weight on one leg and uses the other leg as a support. Trend toward greater naturalism Muscles/anatomy skillfully represented; Slight tilt of the head and contrapposto undermine frontality

    20. High Classical Style Attempted to represent motion Attempted to represent ideal beauty

    21. Doryphorus (Spear-Bearer), ca. 440 B.C.E.

    22. Doryphorus, ca. 440 B.C.E. Marble copy of bronze original by Polykleitos Polykleitos – developed a canon of beauty based on proportional relationships among body parts. Example: the ideal ratio head/body size is 1/7. Opposite arms and legs balance each other

    24. Hellenistic Sculpture Melodrama & Motion

    27. Laocoön and his sons, also known as the Laocoön Group. Copied from the original (ca. 200 BC) by the three Rhodian sculptors Agesander, Athenedoros and Polydorus. Museo Pio-Clementino, Vatican, Inv.1059, Inv.1064 and Inv. 1067. Height: 1,84 m (6').Laocoön and his sons, also known as the Laocoön Group. Copied from the original (ca. 200 BC) by the three Rhodian sculptors Agesander, Athenedoros and Polydorus. Museo Pio-Clementino, Vatican, Inv.1059, Inv.1064 and Inv. 1067. Height: 1,84 m (6').

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