Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

Ashfaq M Ansery

ChE Deptt, BUET

• The name was coined in 1849 by Lord Kelvin by combining Greek words for heat (thermos) and power (dynamos)
• The science of thermodynamics was born in the middle of 19th century to describe the operation of steam engine and their limit of operation

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• Thermodynamics is the study of the inter-relation between heat, work and internal energy of a system

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• the science of heat and work and related properties
• the basic science that deals with energy
• the study of energy movements

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• Design of equipment such as
• steam turbines
• refrigerators and heat pumps
• compressors
• boilers
• condensers
• cooling towers and heat exchangers

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• Two methods of studying thermodynamics
• Classical thermodynamics
• Statistical thermodynamics

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• Macroscopic viewpoint towards mater
• It requires no hypothesis about the detail structure of matter on the atomic scale, nor it is necessary to assume that molecules exist
• Its conclusions are quite general

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• Based on average behavior of large groups of individual particles
• The microscopic approach is more elaborate and is rather involved

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• The basis of thermodynamics is ‘experimental observation’
• These findings have formalized into certain basic laws
• Zeroth law
• First law of thermodynamics
• Second law of thermodynamics
• Third law of thermodynamics

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• The first law of thermodynamics is simply an expression of the conservation energy principle
• The 2nd law of thermodynamics asserts that energy has quality as well as quantity; and actual process occur in the direction of decreasing quality of energy

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• Thermodynamics deals with equilibrium positions
• Thermodynamic considerations do not establish the ratesof physical or chemical processes
• Thermodynamics, a macroscopic-property formulation, cannot reveal the microscopic (molecular) mechanisms of physical or chemical processes

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• If everything is so simple, why does thermodynamics have the reputation of being hard?

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• It is full of hard words and signs and numbers, not very entertaining or understandable looking ... (quoted in Levenspiel, p. xi)
• The difficulty comes from making precise descriptions of phenomena and in developing a mathematical framework that allows us to cultivate an understanding of the Laws

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I

• Introduction to CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS, sixth edition

by

J. M. Smith, H.C. Van Ness, M.M. Abbott

Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics-I