General Bilology 1

1. General Biology Prepared by: Mr. Maximino M. Gajulin, LPT

2. Biology from the Greek words “bio” meaning life and “logos” meaning word, thought or discourse.

4. Cell Theory Definition: Basic unit of life All living organisms are composed of cell Cells come from pre – existing cells

5. First Postulate“The cell is the basic unit of life”

6. Robert Hooke Coined the term “cell” Used crude microscope Examined a piece of cork Studied a plant cell

7. Anton Von Leeuwenhoek Used refined microscope Coined term “animalcules”

8. Second Postulate“All living organism are composed of cells”

9. Mathias Jacob Schleiden Used specimen of plant cell Studied of plant cell

10. Robert Brown Discovered “nucleus”

11. Theodor Schwann Studied of animal cell

12. Third Postulate“New cells are created from preexisting cell”

13. Rudolf Virchow “Cells come from preexisting cells” “Spontaneous generation”

14. Development of cell theory 1590 Zacharias Janssen Primitive microscope 1663 – 1665 Robert Hooke Cell 1665 – 1676 Marcello Malpighi Organelles Nehemiah Grew 1670 - 1683 Anton Van Leeuwenhoek Refined Microscope, Animalcules 1831 Robert Brown Nucleus 1838 Matthias Schleiden Contribution of Phytogenesis 1839 Theodor Schwann Animal cells 1840 Albrecht von Roeliker sperm and egg are composed of cell 1849 Louis Pasteur Fermentation, process to kill bacteria 1858 Rudolf Virchow Cells come from preexisting cells

15. Microscopy“Foundation of cell Theory”

16. Electron Microscope Anton von Leeuwenhoek First compound Microscope Ernest Ruska and Max Knoll Transmission Electron Microscope Fritz Zernike Phase contrast microscope Ruska Scanning electron microscope

17. Long Quiz A. Multiple Choice: Write the letter of the correct answer on the blank. • What is a cell? a. smallest structural unit of living matter capable of functioning independently. b. smallest structural unit of living matter incapable of functioning independently. c. second small structural unit of living matter not capable of functioning independently. d. second smallest structural unit of living matter capable of functioning independently. 2. When was the cell theory developed? a. early 1600s b. mid – 1600s c. mid – 1700s d. mid – 1800s

18. 3. Who was the first person to observe live cells under the microscope? a. Robert Hooke b. Matthias Schleiden c. Anton van Leeuwenhoek d. Theodor Schwann 4. Who observed little structures in a piece of cork and calledthem"cells"? a. Robert Hooke b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek c. Matthias Schleiden d. Theodor Schwann 5. Who proposed that all plants are made up of cells? a. Robert Hooke c. Matthias Schleiden b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek d. Theodor Schwann 6. Who invented the forerunner of the microscope? a. Zacharias Janssen c. Albrecht von Roelliker b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek d. Rudolf Virchow

19. 7. Who declared "Omnis cellulaecellula"? a. Zacharias Janssen b. Albrecht von Roelliker c. Anton van Leeuwenhoek d. Rudolf Virchow8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the cell theory? a. All cells arise spontaneously. b. All cells arise from preexisting cells. c. All living organisms are made up of cells. d. Cell is the basic unit of life.9. Unlike the previous microscope, the TEM relied on not on light. a. energy b. eons c. electrons d. electricity 10. What kind of microscope was invented in 1932 that was able to record images of transparent specimens? a. compound microscope b. TEM c. PCM d. SEM

20. Identification 11. First coined cell. 12. Sperm and cell is composed of cell. 13. Studied the specimen of plant cell. 14. Used refined microscope. 15. Discovered nucleus. 16. Studied animal cell. 17. Studied the process how to kill bacteria. 18. Primitive microscope. 19. Observed cell organelles. 20. Cell come from pre – existing cell.

21. Enumeration 21 – 30. Parts of microscope. Essay 31 – 32. Define biology. 33 – 35. Definition of cell theory.