1 / 24

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA I

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA I. (CHAPTER 6: 264-285). MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC QUALITIES. A plateau continent that is physiographically unique Comprised of dozens of nations and hundreds of ethnic groups A realm of subsistence farmers Inefficient state boundaries represent colonial legacies

Leo
Download Presentation

SUBSAHARAN AFRICA I

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. SUBSAHARAN AFRICA I (CHAPTER 6: 264-285)

  2. MAJOR GEOGRAPHIC QUALITIES • A plateau continent that is physiographically unique • Comprised of dozens of nations and hundreds of ethnic groups • A realm of subsistence farmers • Inefficient state boundaries represent colonial legacies • Dislocated peoples and refugees • Raw materials and resource potential

  3. AFRICA’S PHYSIOGRAPHY

  4. PLATE BOUNDARIES

  5. CLIMATE

  6. VEGETATION

  7. EARLY KINGDOMS

  8. THE ATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE

  9. COLONIALISM • EUROPEAN COLONIAL OBJECTIVES • A port along the West African coast • A water route to South Asia and Southeast Asia • 1500’s- looking for resources; Slaves • 1850- industrial revolution occurs in Europe • Increased demand for mineral resources • Need to expand agricultural production

  10. BERLIN CONFERENCE1884 • 14 States divided up Africa without consideration of cultures • Results of superimposed boundaries -- African peoples were divided. -- Unified regions were ripped apart. -- Hostile societies were thrown together. -- Hinterlands were disrupted. -- Migration routes were closed off. • When independence returned to Africa after 1950, the realm had already acquired a legacy of political fragmentation.

  11. COLONIAL POLICIES • Great Britain: “Indirect Rule” (Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, Zimbabwe) • Indigenous power structures were left intact to some degree and local rulers were made representatives of the crown. • France: “Assimilationist” (Senegal, Mali, Ivory Coast, etc.) • Enforced a direct rule which propagated the French culture through language, laws, education and dress (acculturation)

  12. COLONIAL POLICIES • Portugal: “Exploitation” (Guinea-Bissau, Angola, Mozambique) • First to enslave and colonize and one of the last to grant independence • Maintained rigid control; raw resource oriented • Belgium: “Paternalistic” (Rwanda, Zaire, Burundi) • Treated Africans as though they where children who needed to be tutored in western ways; did not try to make them Belgium • Raw resource oriented; ignored the development of natives

  13. INDEPENDENT STATES IN AFRICA

  14. THE LEGACY • Several hundred languages are spoken. • Antagonism between tribes (e.g., Rwanda) • Low level of development is linked to colonization • Transportation facilities - Movement of goods is from the interior to coastal outlets. • Communication within Africa is impeded by desert, dense forest, and lack of navigable rivers in certain regions. • Dual economy remains intact; most states rely on a single crop or mineral and are vulnerable to world markets.

  15. MEDICAL GEOGRAPHY • Studies spatial aspects of disease and health • Africa is an extraordinary laboratory. -- Disease incidence and diffusion -- Widespread nutritional deficiencies • Millions suffer from: • malaria - river blindness • yellow fever - sleeping sickness • AIDS - bilharzia

  16. MEDICAL GEOGRAPHY • Endemic -- Exists in equilibrium with the population -- Many develop an immunity of sorts -- Saps energy, lowers resistance, shortens lives • Epidemic -- Sudden outbreak at local, regional scale • Pandemic -- Worldwide spread

  17. AIDS IN AFRICA SOURCE: UNAIDS, 2000

  18. CULTURAL PATTERNS • Population distribution • Urbanization • African languages • Lingua franca • Multilingualism • Religions • Christianity • Islam • Tribal religions

  19. POPULATION DISTRIBUTION

  20. SUBSAHARAN AFRICA I (CHAPTER 6: 264-285)

More Related