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Nursing Responsibilities in PAIN MANAGEMENT

Jimmy
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Nursing Responsibilities in PAIN MANAGEMENT

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    1. Nursing Responsibilities in PAIN MANAGEMENT

    2. Pain Defined: “an unpleasant, subjective sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.” (International Association for the Study of Pain)

    3. What is the Nature of Pain Much more than a physical sensation caused by a specific stimulus Involves physical, emotional, and cognitive components Demands a person’s energy Can not be objectively measured

    4. Working Definition of Pain According to McCaffery “whatever the experiencing person says it is, existing whenever he says it does” “Self report of pain is the single most reliable indicator of pain intensity”

    5. Factors That Influence Pain Physiological Age Fatigue Genes Neurological function Social Attention Previous experience Family and social support Spiritual Factors Psychological Factors Anxiety Coping style Cultural Factors Meaning of Pain Ethnicity

    6. Responsibility of the Nurse To accept the client’s report of pain Do not make client “prove” that they are in pain. To use knowledge and skills to alter the client’s response to pain Alleviate pain Decrease pain perception

    7. How do Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs limit a care providers ability to offer pain relief?

    8. How Does a Care Provider Approach Pain Management?

    9. Assessment 5th Vital Sign Determine client’s perspective History Meaning Physical, emotional, and social effects Objectively measure the characteristics of client’s pain

    10. Characteristics of Pain (Comprehensive Pain Assessment) Onset and duration Location Intensity Quality Pain pattern Relief measures Contributing symptoms Effects of pain on client Client expectations

    11. Nursing Diagnosis Acute Pain Chronic Pain What other Nursing Diagnoses would be appropriate for a client experiencing pain?

    12. Planning Identify interrelated problems Determine goals/Outcomes Involve family Select Interventions General Nonpharmacologic interventions Pharmacologic interventions

    13. Implementation General Comfort Measures Positioning Anxiety reduction Distraction Treat interrelated problems

    14. Implementation Nonpharmacologic Interventions Relaxation and guided imagery Biofeedback Cutaneous stimulation Herbals Reducing pain perception

    15. Implementation Pharmacologic Interventions Analgesics NSAIDS Opiods Adjuvants Patient Controlled Analgesia Local Analgesic Infusion Pumps Topical Analgesics and Anesthetics Local and Regional Anesthetics

    16. Evaluation Why is evaluation so important? When do you evaluate?

    17. Frequent and comprehensive follow-up is essential to identifying and treating a person’s pain appropriately.

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