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GROUP 4

from cse 3 group 4

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GROUP 4

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  1. Disinfection of water by chlorination

  2. Disinfection • The removal of pathogenic bacteria from water is called disinfection. • i) Adding of Bleaching Powder • ii)Adding of Chlorine • Boiling : Before adding the chemicals we have to boil the water to kill the bacteria and microorganisms.

  3. i)Adding of Bleaching Powder • Bleaching Powder contain 80% chlorine. When bleaching powder as a disinfectant this method is called as Hypo-Chlorination .Beacuse,HOCl acts as a disinfectant • COCl2 + H20 → Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 • Cl2 + H2O → HOCl + HCl

  4. ii)Chlorination-Breaking Point Residual Chlorine: • Residual Chlorine is the amount of chlorine left in the water after a certain time or contact time. It gives colour, odour & toxic nature to water. • Breaking point chlorination is defined as the point where enough chlorine has been added to a quantity of water to satisfy it’s disinfecting demand. In other words, It is the point where all undesirable contaminants have been removed from the water.

  5. • Break point chlorination by the formation of chlora amines .The free chlorine residuals first rises then falls until the reaction with ammonia have been completed .As additional chlorine is applied and ammonia is consumed, the chlorine residual again rises.

  6. Advantages • It oxidizes complete organic matters , dissolved ammonia and other reducing particles. • It removes colour(which is due to the presence of organic compounds). • It destroys all the bacteria. • It removes bad odour and bad taste. • It prevents the growth of any weeds in water.

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