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EU military logistic advisors roli in AMIS, specially the Field Support Service 2005

The Darfur Operation is much disputed, often times it is called unsuccessful. The operation started ten years ago, and in addition to other donors, the EU took an important role in the advocacy, not to mention the fact that it launched its own support operation. This was the second operation of the EU in Africa. It worked with less people than the Artemis Operation did, but it lasted for nearly three years.<br>Although the operation had to face several challenges, it can be called effective from the perspective of the European Union and its member states. They could utilize the lessons learned from the mission related to further operations. However, several pieces of research have been made on the European Union’s activity in Darfur, but the participants of the mission did not share their experiences except for one or two conferences and articles. I (the author) served for six months in the operation in 2005. After coming home, I followed the events in the area. This research is based on my subjective experiences, other peacekeeper’s knowledge, archived and open sources

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EU military logistic advisors roli in AMIS, specially the Field Support Service 2005

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  1. EU MILITARY/LOGISTIC ADVISORS ROLE IN AMIS, SPECIALY THE FIELD SUPPORT SERVICE(SUDAN-DARFUR)28/06-28/12.2005MAJOR JANOS BESENYO

  2. OUTLINE • Introduction • Present situation, parties activities, IDP’s • Camps, present strength • JLOC, organisation • FSS role, responsibilities • Positive and negative effects • Suggestions • Questions

  3. INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION

  4. Malha Tine Umm Barro NORTH Kulbus NORTH DARFUR Kutum Millit WESTERN DARFUR Kabkabiya El Fasher Zam Zam Sarif Umra UmKadada Sartoni Tawila El Genaina ShangilTobaya Misteria Nertiti Mournei Zalinje Khor Abeche Kas Sheiria Nitega For A Buria Nyala Askanita Mukjar Muhajeria Labado Marla CHAD SOUTH DARFUR Al Daein Graida C.A.R. 15 N 6 5 4 14 N 1 Abeche DARFUR 13 N 3 12 N 2 7 8 11 N 22 E 23 E 24 E 25 E 26 E 27 E 28 E

  5. SECURITY SITUATION • THE SECURITY SITUATION IN RECENT TIMES HAS BEEN RELATIVELY CALM BUT UNPREDICTABLE. • BANDITRY ATTACKS, STEALING OF LIVESTOCK, HARASSMENT OF THE CIVIL POPULACE BY ARMED MILITIAS HAS BEEN RECORDED IN ALMOST ALL SECTORS. • RENEWED FIGHTING IN THE GENERAL AREA OF MUHAJERIA BETWEEN JEM AND SLA, SLA AMBUSHES ON GOS CONVOYS AND JAJAWEED/ SLA CLASHES IN THE AMU VALLEY HAVE CONTRIBUTED IN WORSENING THE SITUATION . • IN MOST RECENT TIMES VIOLENT THREATS AGAINST AMIS, UN AND NGO PERSONNEL HAS BEEN RECORDED .

  6. ACTIVITIES OF THE PARTIES • THREATS AND ATTACKS TO AMIS, UN AND NGOS • GOS/JANJAWEED ACTIVITIES • GOS POLICE ACTIVITIES WITHIN IDP CAMPS • SLA /JEM/CHADIAN MILITARY ACTIVITIES • JEM/SLA CONFRONTATIONS • EMERGENCE OF NEW GROUP

  7. GOS ACTIVITIES

  8. ATTACK ON TAWILLA AS OBSERVED FROM AMIS MGS

  9. SOME OF THE IDPs THAT TOOK REFUGE AT AMIS MGS AT TAWILLA DURING THE ATTACK

  10. A GOS MILITARY VEHICLE MOUNTED WITH A MACHINE GUN Insert: A convoy of GOS military vehicles

  11. SLA/ JEMACTIVITIES IRIBA KAFOD MUHAJERIA GRAEDA

  12. HUMANITARIAN SITUATION • THE IDP CAMPS ARE BECOMING OVER CONGESTED • FACILITIES AT THE CAMPS ARE OVERSTRETCHED • HUMANITARIAN AGENCIES HAVE CONTINUED TO PROVIDE LIFE-SAVING HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO IDP’s, AS WELL AS RESIDENTS IN THE VILLAGES • THE PRESENCE OF HUMANTARIAN AGENCIES, AU MILOB’s AND CIVPOL’s HELPS IN STEMMING THE TIDE OF HOSTILITIES

  13. ACTIVITIES OF AMIS AMIS/CFC has continued to intensify its activities to reduce the incidence of Ceasefire violations in Darfur. 2. In accordance with its mandate as contained in Article 4 of HCFA of 8 April 2004 AMIS continuously investigates allegations in response to reports of Ceasefire violations. 3. Regular patrols are conducted by MILOBs to promote confidence building and also to show AU presence on the ground. 4. CFC embarks on consultations with all parties in the conflict and the Humanitarian agencies. 5. Conducts basic orientation for new MILOBs. 6. Provides airlift in emergencies to the UN Agencies for the sick and the wounded. 7. Attends the Joint Commission Meeting once a month at N'djamena Chad.

  14. UPDATE ON AMIS II EXPANSION • NIGERIA – 3 Infantry Battalions. • RWANDA – 3 Infantry Battalions. • SENEGAL- 1 Infantry Battalion. • GAMBIA – 1 Infantry Company. • KENYA – A Detachment of Military Police. • SOUTH AFRICA- 1 Infantry Company, 1 Engineer Platoon & EOD Section

  15. INDUCTION OF CANADIAN APCs GRIZZLY

  16. STRENGHT of 18.01.06 • Military all ranks: 5611 • CivPol: 1195 • PAE: 229 • AMZAR: 418 • Skylink: 139 • Total: 7589

  17. AU / JLOC STRUCTURE AT EL FASHER Deputy Head of Mission Chief JLOC Col Amuzu Assist. to Chief JLOC Cdr Ryder (CA) Deputy Chief JLOC / Chief of Staff Col N´tcha-M´po Assist. to Dep Chief LTC Jakobsson (SE) Log Ops& Plans Cdr Amenyo LTC Liteta Communications/IT Vacant CIVPOL Supt Penya Field Support Maj Sabiti Vacant Dep Log OpsPlans Maj Lewis (CA) Dep Comms/IT Maj Ljungholm (SE) Dep Field Support Cpt Besenyo (HU) Sector Support Cell (AU) Sector Support Cell (AU) Maintenance Vacant Medical/ EH Vacant Contract Management Maj Miriti Materiel Management Maj Cuba J4 Movement LTC Dauda Dep J4 Mov Maj Laing (US) Dep Maintenance Maj Brierley (UK) Dep Contract Management Maj Malmsten Dep Mat Manag SqnLdr Colpus (UK) Vacant Sector Support Cell (AU) Sector Support Cell (AU) PAE (US) Equipment Control Distribution and Management Road Medial / CASEVAC Other Contractors J4 Tac Air / SH Environmental Health Logistic Filed reserves (C Sups)

  18. JLOC TASKS General. The JLOC acts as the logistic focus within the FHQ for both the Military and Police missions. It prepares operational logistic plans in support of the operation and acts as the operational level logistic authority. The JLOC ensures that the operational theatre is properly sustained. The JLOC works in direct co-ordination with the Logistic Cell at Mission HQ in Khartoum and the ACMC in Addis Ababa. Chief JLOC. The Chief JLOC is responsible for the delivery of logistic support to AMIS within the operational theatre. He works through the Deputy Head of Mission and operates on behalf of both the Force Commander and the CIVPOL Commissioner. Deputy Chief JLOC. Acts on behalf of the Chief JLOC and is the JLOC Chief of Staff, co-ordinating all operational logistic staff effort. Field Support Section (FSS). The FSS provides the direct logistic contact with Sectors on behalf of Chief JLOC and works in co-ordination with the functional cells. The FSS is responsible for the delivery of up to date logistic reports and returns from Sectors to the Chief JLOC. Log Ops and Plans. Provides logistic planning support to the Force Commander and the CIVPOL Commissioner. Provide real time logistic support to the operation ensuring that the military and CIVPOL are properly sustained with C Sups in co-ordination with PAE. Maintenance. Ensures that all vehicles in theatre are properly maintained and supported in co-ordination with Contractors. Materiel Management. Ensures that all equipment is properly distributed and managed to support the needs of the operation and all equipment is properly accounted for. Mov / Air Ops. Co-ordinates all in-theatre J4 movement including tactical airlift, SH, (when in a J4 function) and road convoys. Medical / Environmental Health. Co-ordinates medical and health service support to include treatment and evacuation of casualties, medical logistics, preventative medicine and environmental health with PAE and other medical providers. Communications / IT. Co-ordinates the distribution and maintenance of all communications and IT equipment in accordance with the communications plan. CIVPOL. Act as the CIVPOL interface to the JLOC ensuring that all CIVPOL requirements and enhancement needs are met.

  19. FIELD SUPPORT SERVICE REAL TASK • Food-Catering service • Camp management • Water supply • Environmental, Health and Camp Sanitation • Fire Marshall • Others

  20. Food-Catering Service • Monitoring PAE and AMZAR in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. • In close cooperation with AMZAR & PAE organise the food delivery to the remote camps with AirOps. • Co-ordinates with the PAE Food & Facilities Manager any problems regarding the AU.

  21. Food-Catering Service • Advise AMZAR in catering field, training for cooks (kitchen guideline, etc.). • Cooperation with another sections (Ops and Plans, Logistics, Mess commitee, etc.) • Delegations, guests

  22. Food-Catering Service

  23. Camp Management • Monitoring PAE in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. • Total responsibility for the smooth running of the camp catering, liaising with the Catering Contractor on a daily basis. • All Facilities including but not limited to Laundry, Dining Rooms, Accommodation, Camp Maintenance & Equipment Security.

  24. Camp Management

  25. Camp Management

  26. Water supply • Monitoring PAE in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. • Close cooperation with PAE water manager to provide drinkable and potable water to all mission area • Check the quality of water time to time (with normal senses and labour as well)

  27. Water supply

  28. Environmental,Health Camp Sanitation • Monitoring PAE and MSS in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. • Close cooperation with PAE camp sanitation manager and MSS operational manager • Health & Hygiene Management within the Camp Facilities, to include waste management (Fuel spillage, waste disposal, sewage). • Stress management (entertainment)

  29. Environmental,Health Camp Sanitation

  30. Fire Marshall • Monitoring PAE camp managers in the field, are adhering to the contract and SOPs, as set out by the AU. • Plan and Check the Fire evacuation plans • In close cooperation with PAE organise Fire extinguises delivery and refresh to the remote camps with AirOps. • Co-ordinates with the PAE Operational Manager any problems regarding the AU (cooking inside the tents, etc.).

  31. Fire Marshall

  32. POSITIVE EFFECTS FACED BY FIELD SUPPORT

  33. PAE and their subcontractors are making good job (correct and flexible and sometimes more that is included in the contract) • Well trained (educated in EU, NATO or UN schools) AU officers and NCOs • JLOC made progress (effectiveness-water, food, fuel, etc.) • Improvement with food (quality and quantity as well) • EU advisors role in JLOC

  34. NEGATIVE EFFECTS FACED BY FIELD SUPPORT

  35. No real responsibility (missing positions as well camp comandants, logistic, hygiene and fire officers) • No Decision making • No Lessons Learned • No any daily logistic sitreps from sectors • No proper planning • Lack of communication between sections or components • Lack of human resources or using them in a wrong way, in a wrong position • Rivalrization between various fractions (nationals and components as well)

  36. SUGGESTIONS

  37. Enlarge the storage facilities (MRE, fresh and frozen food) • Giving priority to food and Medevac (no VIPs or medals) • Appoint camp comandants, hygiene officers and Fire marshalls in each camps ASAP • Create JOC ASAP • Proper planning (training) • Create and use Log. Sitreps • Donors have to continue to put pressure on AU to handle properly the donated equipment • Check the usage of donated items (missing first aid kits, cars, Laptops, Slovenian MREs, etc.)

  38. Biography • János Besenyő: The European Union'sfirstsupportoperationontheAfricancontinent: Darfur, Academic and Applied Research in Public Managament Science (ISSN: 2064-0021) 14: (4) pp. 349-361. (2015), https://figshare.com/articles/The_European_Union_s_first_support_operation_on_the_African_continent_Darfur/7093109 • János Besenyő: The first military operationbetween European Union and African Union. The European advisorsroleinDarfur – AARMS (Miklós Zrínyi National Defence University), Volume 6, Issue 4. 2007, pp. 771-784, https://figshare.com/articles/The_first_military_operation_between_European_Union_and_African_Union_The_European_advisors_role_in_Darfur/7015367 • János Besenyő: LogisticExperiences: The Case of Darfur-PromotingPeace and SecurityinAfrica – FinnishDepartment of Strategic and DefenceStudies (2006 – Series 2 No 35), pp. 41-59. http://www.doria.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/77169/StratL2_35.pdf?sequence=1

  39. QUESTIONS?

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