References - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

References

Thomas J. Bergin

© Computing History Museum

American University

• Bunch and Hellemans, The Timetables of Technology, Simon & Schuster, 1993
• A major source of information about hieroglyphics can be found at:

195.8.72.23/numbers.htm ©Mark Millmore

• Michael R. Williams, A History of Computing Technology, IEEE Computer Society Press, 2nd edition, 1997
• www.arithmeum.de, a museum for the history of calculation, in Bonn, Germany (from the collection of Proof. Bernhard Korte, University of Bonn)

• Doron Swade, Charles Babbage and his Calculating Engines, Science Museum, London, 1991
• Doron Swade, The Cogwheel Brain, Charles Babbage and the Quest to build the First Computer, Little, Brown and Company, 2000
• J.A.N.Lee, Computer Pioneers, IEEE Press, 1995
• Brian Randell, ed., The Origins of Digital Computers, Selected Papers, Springer, 1973
• Bunch & Hellemans, The Timetables of Technology, Simon and Schuster, 1993

• William Aspray, ed., Computing Before Computers, Iowa State University Press, 1990
• Aspray and Campbell-Kelly, Computer: A History of the Information Machine, BasicBooks, 1996
• Video: The Machine That Changed the World, first 10 minutes

• Anthony Hyman, Charles Babbage: pioneer of the computer, Princeton U Press, 1982
• Maboth Mosley, Irascible genius: a life of Charles Babbage, inventor, London, Hutchinson, 1964
• Dorothy Stein, Ada: a life and legacy, MIT Press, 1985
• Doris Langley Moore, Ada, Countess of Lovelace: Byron’s legitimate daughter, London, John Murray, 1977

• Geoffrey D. Austrian, HERMAN HOLLERITH: Forgotten Giant of Information Processing,Columbia U. Press, 1982 (definitive work)
• Biles, et al, “Herman Hollerith: Inventor, Manager, Entrepreneur -- A Centennial Remembrance,” Journal of Management, Vol. 15, No.4, 1989
• Keith Reid-Green, “The History of Census Tabulation,” Scientific American, February 1989
• Bache, IBM’s Early Computers, MIT Press, 1986.
• Campbell-Kelly in Aspray, Computing Before Computers, Iowa State U. Press, 1990

• William Rogers, THINK, A biography of the Watsons and IBM, Stein and Day, 1969
• Belden and Belden, The Lengthening Shadow: The Life of Thomas J. Watson, Little Brown, 1962
• Thomas Watson, Jr.., Father, Son and Company, Bantam, 19908

• National Geographic Society, Inventors and Discoverers, Changing Our World, 1988
• Steven Lubar, Information Appliances, 1994
• James R. Beniger, The Control Revolution: Technological and Economic Origins of the Information Society, Harvard U. Press, 1986

• James W. Cortada, Before the Computer, Princeton University Press, 1993
• Michael Williams, “Early Calculators,” in Aspray, ed., Computing Before Computers, Iowa State University Press, 1990

• John Brooks, Telephone, The First Hundred Years, Harper & Row, 1975
• Edwin Darby, It All Adds Up, the Growth of the Victor Comptometer Company, Victor Comptometer Company, 1968
• Stanley C. Allyn, My half century with NCR, McGraw-Hill, 1967
• Bryan Morgan, Total to Date, Burroughs Adding Machine London, 1953

• “Analog Computing Devices,” by Allan G. Bromley in William Aspray, ed. Computing Before Computers, Iowa State U. Press, 1990
• “The Analog Animals,” in Michael R. Williams, History of Computing Technology, IEEE Press, 1997
• J. Crank, The Differential Analyzer, Longmans, Green, 1947
• D.R. Hartree, Calculating Instruments and Machines, U. Of Illinois Press, 1953

• Paul E. Ceruzzi, “Electronic Calculators,” in Aspray, Computing Before Computers, Iowa State University Press, 1990
• Paul E. Ceruzzi, Reckoners:The Prehistory of the Digital Computer, from Relays to the Stored Program Concept, 1935-1945, Greenwood Press, 1983
• Brian Randell, The Origins of Digital Computers: Selected Papers, Springer, 1982

• Stibitz, “Automatic Computing Machinery,” in Randell, Origins...., (essay written in 1940)
• Stibitz, “Automatic Computing Machinery,” in Annals, 4/ 2 (April 1982) 1947 and 1950 memos
• Stibitz, “Early Computers,” in N. Metropolis, A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century, Academic Press, 1980
• Charles J. Bashe, et al, IBM’s Early Computers, MIT Press, 1986

• www.arithmeum.de
• www.hnf.de/museum
• http://irb.cs.tu-berlin.de/~zuse/Konrad_Zuse

• Konrad Zuse, The Computer, My Life,
• I. Bernard Cohen, Howard Aiken: Portrait of a Computer Pioneer, MIT Press, 1999J.A.N. Lee, Computer Pioneers, IEEE Press, 1995
• Charlene W. Billings, Grace Hopper, Navy Admiral & Computer Pioneer, Enslow Publishers, 1989.
• Herbert R. J. Grosch, Computer: Bit Slices From a Life, Third Millennium Books, 1991

• J.V. Atanasoff, “Computing Machine for the Solution of large Systems of Linear Algebraic Equations,” (August 1940) in Randell (Ed.), The Origins of Digital Computers, Selected Papers, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1973
• J.V. Atanasoff, “Advent of Electronic Digital Computing,” Annals, Vol..6, No.3 (July 1984)

• Saul Rosen, “The Origins of Modern Computing, ACMComputing Reviews, Sept. 1960
• Joel Shurkin, Engines of the Mind, The Evolution of the Computer from Mainframes to Microprocessors, W.W. Norton, 1984
• Allan R. Mackintosh, Dr. Atanasoff’s Computer,” Scientific American, August 1988
• Allan R. Mackintosh, “The First Electronic Computer,” Physics Today, March 1987

• R.K. Richards, Electronic Digital Systems, New York, Wiley (1966)
• ACM Computing Reviews, September 1990

• Clark R. Mollenhoff, ATANASOFF, Forgotten Father of the Computer, Iowa State University Press, 1988.
• Alice R. And Arthur W. Burks, The First Electronic Computer: The Atanasoff Story, U. of Michigan Press, 1988

• Nancy Stern, From ENIAC to UNIVAC, An Appraisal of the Eckert-Mauchly Computers, Digital Press, 1981 [major research effort]
• Herman H. Goldstine, The Computer, from Pascal to von Neumann, Princeton University Press, 1972
• Goldstine was a participant
• N. Metropolis, et.al., A History of Computing in the Twentieth Century, Academic Press, 1980
• Brian Randell, ed.,The Origins of Digital Computers, Springer-Verlag, 1973

• Arthur W. Burks and Alice R. Burks, “The ENIAC: First General-Purpose Electronic Computer,” Annals, Vol.3, No.4 [participant]
• Barkley Fritz, “ENIAC--A Problem Solver,” Annals, Vol.16, No. 1 (1994) [worked on ENIAC]
• Barkley Fritz, “The Women of ENIAC,” Annals, Vol.18, No.3 (Fall 1996)
• Herman H. Goldstine, “Computers at the University of Pennsylvania’s Moore School, 1943-1946, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol 136, No1 (1992) [participant]

• H.H. Goldstine, “The Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC),” pp. 10-16.
• Dilys Winegrad, “The Birth of Modern Computing: The Fiftieth Anniversary of a Discovery At The Moore School of Engineering of the University of Pennsylvania,” pp..5-9.
• Mitchell Marcus and Atsushi Akera, “Exploring The Architecture of an Early Machine: The Historical Significance of the ENIAC Machine Architecture, pp.. 17-24

• Peter Eckstein, “J. Presper Eckert,” pp..25-44
• John Costello, “As the Twig is Bent: The Early Life of John Mauchly,” pp.45-50
• David Alan Grier, “The ENIAC, the Verb “to program” and the Emergence of Digital Computers,” pp.51-55

• Nancy B. Stern, From ENIAC to UNIVAC, An Appraisal of the Eckert-Mauchly Computers, Digital Press, 1981
• Kathleen R. Mauchly, “John Mauchly’s Early Years, Annals, Vol.6, No.2 (April 1984)
• Herman Goldstine, From Pascal to von Neumann, Princeton University Press, 1972
• Emerson Pugh, Memories that Shaped an Industry, MIT Press, 1984

• Redmond & Smith, Project Whirlwind, The History of A Pioneer Computer, Digital Press, 1980.
• I. Bernard Cohen, Howard Aiken, Portrait of A Computer Pioneer, MIT Press, 1999
• William Aspray, John von Neumann and the Origins of Modern Computing, MIT Press

• Caminer, et al, LEO, The Incredible Story of the World’s First Business Computer, McGraw-Hill, 1998
• Lavington, Early British Computers, Digital Press, 1980
• Hendry, Innovating for Failure: Government Policy and the Early British Computer Industry, MIT Press, 1989.

• Maurice V. Wilkes, Memoirs of a Computer Pioneer, MIT Press, 1985
• David E. Lundstrom, A Few Good Men from Univac, MIT Press, 1987
• Charles J. Bashe, et.al, IBM’s Early Computers, MIT Press, 1986
• Emerson Pugh, et.al., IBM’s 360 and Early 370 Systems, MIT Press, 1991

• Photos courtesy of Lucent Technologies and other web sources
• Bunch and Hellemans, The Timetables of Technology, Simon and Schuster, 1993
• Lee, J.A.N., Computer Pioneers, IEEE Press, 1995

• Pearson (ed), Digital At Work: Snapshots from the first thirty-five years, Digital Press, 1992
• Shurkin, Engines of the Mind, the evolution of the Computer from Mainframes to Microprocessors, W.W. Norton, 1984
• Gordon Bell et al, Computer Engineering: A DEC View of Hardware Systems Design

• Freiberger and Swaine, Fire in the Valley: The Making of the Personal Computer, Osborne/McGraw-Hill, 1984
• Bunch and Hellemans, The Timetables of Technology, Simon and Schuster, 1993
• Lee, J.A.N., Computer Pioneers, IEEE Press, 1995