Abdominal & Genitourinary Injury

1. Abdominal & Genitourinary Injury EMT 100

2. Abdominal Injury –Closed or Open • Mechanism of Injury • Discoloration/Bruising • Swelling, Rigidity • Pain over area • Signs of shock • What are they? • Exposed organs

3. Abdominal Injury Treatment • Maintain ABCs • Treat for shock • Control external bleeding • Stabilize any impaled objects • Cover exposed organs with clean, moist dressing • Do not touch with hands or try to replace! • Reassure • Activate EMS

4. Acute Abdomen Sudden onset of belly pain with no obvious injury or cause

5. Appendicitis Cholecystitis Bleeding ulcer Pancreatitis Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Kidney stone Examples of Acute Abdomen

6. Treatment – Acute Abdomen • Position of comfort – lying still with knees flexed • Treat for shock • Reassure • Seek medical care

7. Genitourinary Injury • Assaults or straddle • Pain, swelling, discoloration, bleeding • Ice packs and control bleeding • No internal bleeding control for females! (tampons) • Reassure • Seek medical care

8. Sexual Assault • Give emotional support as well as being advocate • Treat soft tissue injuries with ice packs and external dressings to control bleeding • Maintain evidence • No hygiene • No change of clothes • No urination • Seek medical care ASAP

9. Musculo-skeletal Injury Fractures, Sprains, Strains, Dislocations

10. Fractures Closed Open • Pain • Swelling and discoloration • Deformity • Shock • Exposed bone • Crepitus

11. Maintain ABC’s Ice pack Immobilize from joint above to joint below, ie splint Elevate (if possible) Control bleeding with loose dressing Treat for shock Do not touch exposed bone or attempt to push back under skin Reassure Get medical care Fractures - Treatment

12. Over-stretching or tearing a ligament Pain Swelling Discoloration Ice Immobilize Elevate Reassure Get medical care Sprains

13. Over-stretching or tearing a muscle Pain Minimal (if any) swelling or discoloration Ice Immobilize Reassure Seek medical evaluation Strains

14. Bones that form a joint are knocked out of alignment Pain Deformity Discoloration Swelling Ice Immobilize Reassure Immediate medical care Dislocation

15. Check circulation and nerve function before and after Expose area Splint in the position you find the injury Don’t let splint push exposed bone back under skin Pad splints When in doubt, splint! Splinting Guidelines

16. Let’s Rock and Roll!