ATI Pharmacology test A 2023

1. ATI Pharmacology test A 1. A nurse is completing an incident report for a med error, which of the following information should the nurse include in the report:Ans -the incident report should clearly and thoroughly report the facts of the error 2. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is to begin taking Oxybutynin for urinary incontinence. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse include in the teaching:Ans -Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic that causes dry- ness -symptoms include dry mouth, blurred vision & dry eyes -these symptoms are all affects of anticholinergics 3. A nurse is preparing medication instructions for a client who is receiving end-of-life care and their family. The client has a prescription for fentanyl 1 / 13

2. patches. Which of the following information regarding the manifestations and use of fentanyl should the nurse include in the instructions:Ans —take a stool softener daily will be needed -constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use -stool softeners can decrease the severity of this adverse effect 4. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving haloperidol. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the med- ication:Ans -Akathisia -an adverse effect associated with the medication is the development of extrapyra- midal manifestations such as dystonia pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia -this drug is classified as an antipsychotic used to treat mental disorders, this drug is also used to control symptoms of Tourette syndrome -this drug can cause seizures, confusion and neuroleptic syndrome -this drug has anticholinergics properties and can cause increased intraoccular pressure, blurred vision, and dry eyes 2 / 13

3. 5. A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving an IV infusion of dopamine. Which of the following findings indicates that the medication is effective:Ans -increased cardiac output -dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor specificity effect, which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion -an adverse effect of the drug is tachycardia 6. A nurse is preparing to administer hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the follow- ing actions should the nurse take prior to administering the medication:Ans - Ob- tain clients blood pressure -HCTZ is a thiazide diuretic administered to promote urine output and reduce blood pressure and edema. The nurse should obtain the client's bp prior to administration of the medication -NSAIDS decrease the effectiveness of HCTZ 3 / 13

4. -assess the client for an allergy to sulfonamides due to the potential of cross sensitivity with HCTZ 7. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has peptic ulcer disease and is to start a new prescription for sucralfate. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?:Ans -Forms a protective barrier over ulcers -Secretions by the parietal and chief cells, hydrochloric acid and pepsin, can further irritate the ulcerated areas. -forms a mucosal protectant, forms a gel-like substance that coats the ulcer, creating a barrier to hydrochloric acid and pepsin 8. Famotidine:Ans -decreases stomach acid secretion 9. Antacid (aluminum):Ans -neutralize acids in the stomach and prevent pepsin forma- tion, a digestive enzyme that can further damage the eroded epithelium 10. A nurse is teaching a client who has insomnia about zolpidem. The nurse 4 / 13

5. should identify that which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching:Ans -I will use this medication for a short period of time -zolpidem is used for short term treatment of insomnia. Therefore, the provider should reassess the client before filling the prescription 11. Zolpidem:Ans -used for short term treatment of insomnia -client should experience improved sleep within two days of starting the medication -client shouldn't build up a tolerance to the medication with short term use 12. A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive treatment for opioid use disorder. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?:Ans -Methadone -methadone can be administered for withdrawal and to assist with maintenance and suppressive therapy 13. Bupropion (Wellbutrin):Ans -assists the client with smoking cessation 5 / 13

6. 14. Disulfiram:Ans -aversion therapy to assist with maintaining abstinence from alcohol 15. Modafinil:Ans -assists with fatigue and prolonged sleep from methamphetamine withdrawal 16. A nurse is assessing a client who has schizophrenia and is taking haloperi- dol. The nurse should report which of the following findings to the provider as a manifestation of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS):Ans -Temp 39.7 C or 103.5 F -The nurse should report fever to the provider as an indication of NMS, an acute life threatening emergency -other manifestations include respiratory distress, diaphoresis, and either hypoten- sion or hypertension 17. Manifestations of NMS Neuroleptic malignant syndrome:Ans -incontinence 6 / 13

7. -fever -tachycardia -severe muscle rigidity 18. A nurse is monitoring an older adult client who has heart failure for adverse effects of hydrochlorothiazide after administering the medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication:Ans -orthostatic hypotension 19. HCTZ Adverse affects:Ans -antihypertensive thiazide diuretic medication -can cause hyperglycemia -orthostatic hypotension -light headedness -palpitations -blurred vision and xanthopsia, which causes objects to appear yellow 20. A nurse at an urgent care clinic is collecting a history from a client who has a urinary tract infection.The nurse anticipates a prescription for ciprofloxacin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client statements indi- cates a contraindication for administering this medication:Ans -I have tendinitis, so I haven't been able to exercise -tendinitis is a contraindication for taking the antibiotic due to the risk of tendon rupture 7 / 13

8. 21. Ciprofloxacin (Quinolone Antibiotic):Ans -tendon rupture -Diarrhea -can be used with a client who has a sulfa allergy 22. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving filgrastim. Which of the following findings should the nurse document to indicate the effectiveness of the therapy?:Ans -increased neutrophil count -Filgrastim stimulates the bone marrow to produce neutrophils, for clients receiving chemotherapy the risk of infection is minimized 23. A nurse is administering diazepam to a client who is having a colonoscopy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?:Ans -ensure flumazenil is available to administer for toxicity management -the nurse should monitor for sings of diazepam toxicity which include respiratory depression and hypotension 24. Diazepam:Ans -signs of toxicity include respiratory depression and hypotension, the antidote is flumazenil to reverse diazepam -monitor the client for the adverse effect of hypotension -when administered IV it will take full effect in two minutes -capnography level is measured every fifteen to thirty minutes until the client is awake and oriented and vital signs have returned to baseline 8 / 13

9. 25. A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the pre- scribed dose of metoclopramide. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first:Ans -Check the clients blood glucose -the client should be assessed first, the client is at risk for hypoglycemia, the nurse should monitor the clients blood glucose and provide the client a snack to reduce the risk for hypoglycemia -assessing the patient should be done first due to it being a med error 26. A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for docusate sodium about the medications mechanism of action. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?:Ans -Docusate sodium re- duces the surface tension of the stools to change their consistency 27. Docusate Sodium:Ans -a surfactant that softens the stool by reducing surface tension, allowing water to penetrate the stool more easily 28. Osmotic laxatives:Ans -glycerin suppositories -act by lubricating the lower colon and initiating reflex contractions of the rectum 29. Bulk forming laxatives:Ans -methylcellulose -mimic the action of dietary fiber, forming a viscous compound that softens the fecal mass and increases the bulk, which stimulates peristalsis 30. Bisacodyl:Ans -stimulant laxative 9 / 13

10. -stimulates the intestinal wall to cause peristalsis by pulling water into the intestines 31. A nurse contacts a client's provider on the telephone to obtain a prescrip- tion for pain medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take:Ans -have the provider spell out the unfamiliar medication names -the nurse should ask the provider to spell out the name of the medication if the stated name is one the nurse isn't familiar with -the nurse should consult the provider about any questions concerning the prescrip- tion 32. A nurse is assessing a client 1hr after administering morphine for pain. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the best indication that the morphine has been effective:Ans -the client rates pain as 3 on a scale of 0 to 10 -the clients description of pain is the most accurate assessment of pain 33. A nurse is caring for a client who is taking nitroglycerin for angina and reports feeling faint when standing up. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?:Ans -assist the client into bed, elevate the lower extremities, and check their blood pressure. -the nurse should first assist the client into bed to prevent injuries from a fall -the nurse should elevate the client's legs on pillows to enhance venous return from 10 / 13

11. the lower extremities -the nurse should check the clients blood pressure 34. A nurse is caring for a 20-year-old client who has a prescription for isotretinoin for severe nodulocystic acne vulgaris. Before the client can obtain a refill, the nurse should advise the client that which of the following tests is required:Ans -Pregnancy test -isotretinoin has teratogenic effects. Therefore, pregnancy must be ruled out before the client can obtain a refill -client must provide two negative pregnancy tests, one for the initial prescription and one negative test before monthly refills 35. A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has schizophrenia and a prescription for clozapine. Which of the following lab tests should the nurse review before administering the medication?:Ans -Total cholesterol -clozapine can cause hyperlipidemia 36. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a gastric ulcer an a new prescription for famotidine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?:Ans -report yellowing of the skin -Famotidine can hepatotoxic and cause jaundice, the nurse should instruct the client to monitor for and report yellowing of the skin or eyes to the provider 11 / 13

12. 37. Famotidine:Ans -can be taken with or without food -prescribed to inhibit gastric secretion and must be taken the full course of therapy to be effective -prescribed for a minimum of six weeks and typically no longer than a year for treatment 38. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is to self-admin- ister insulin at home. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the teaching is effective?:Ans -I will store my unopened bottles of insulin in the refrigerator -the client should store unopened vials of insulin in the refrigerator to maintain medication viability, once opened the insulin can remain at room temp up to one month 39. Insulin:Ans -expel all air bubbles in the syringe to ensure accurate dosage is delivered -fastest absorption of insulin occurs with abdominal injections -absorption is slowest when he injection is into the thigh -mix insulin by rolling the insulin in the palm of the hand to prevent frothing, which can cause the drawing up of an inaccurate dose of insulin 40. A nurse is reviewing the lab results of a client who is taking digoxin for heart failure. Which of the following results should the nurse report to the 12 / 13

13. TO GET THE FULL EXAM MASSAGE ME: @ mitchiekaranja13@ gmail.com 13 / 13