Introduction to Multimedia System Chapter One PPT

1. CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION TO MULTIMEDIA Prepared By: Abebe Shimelis (Msc.) College Of computing and Informatics, Haramaya University, Ethiopia Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (Haramaya University, Ethiopia)

2. What is Multimedia? • In the world, media can be accessible as unitary (traditional) or accessible as combination of various media in one . • To be sets of data are accessible together and give an information, there should be a mechanism or a science, which is multimedia system. • Multimedia is defined as follows:- • Multi – Many and Media – a way to transmit information/ set of sources of resources. • Hence, Multimedia is a collection of various types of media such as text, audio, image, graphics and video to form a single unit. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

3. What is Multimedia? • Multimedia is a form of communication that combines different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, or video into a single presentation, in contrast to traditional mass media, such as printed material or audio recordings. • Popular examples of multimedia include video podcasts, audio slideshows, animated shows, and movies. • It also refers to the study of storage(magnetic tape, hard disk, optical disk, DVDs, CD-ROMs, etc.), transmission/ Interchange, presentation (Speakers, video windows) and perception(speech, music, film) of different information types (data types) such as text, graphics, voice, audio and video. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

4. Multimedia Elements Images Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

5. Media Types: Based on Human Perception • Auditory media: • A media that transmits what humans hear • It includes sound, music and voice. • Visual media: • A media that transmits what humans see, observe and visualize • It includes text, still and moving pictures Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

6. Media Types: Based on Time dimensions • Discrete (or Static) media: • It refers to text, graphics, and images as they are composed of time independent information item. • Information in these media consist exclusively of a sequence of individual elements without a time component. Indeed they may be displayed according to a wide variety of timing or even sequencing and still remain meaningful Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

7. Media Types: Based on Time dimensions • Continuous (or Dynamic) media: • It refers to time-dependent media like sound, and video, where the presentation requires a continuous play-out as time passes. • Information is expressed as not only of its individual value, but also by the time of its occurrence. In other word, time dependency between information items is part of the information itself. • Thus if the timing of the items change, or the sequence is modified, the meaning of the items is altered. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

8. Captured Versus Synthesized Media • Captured media refers to information types captured from the real world (e.g. Still pictures, moving pictures, and sound). • Synthesized mediarefers to information types synthesized by the computers (e.g. Text, graphics and computer animation). Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

9. Media Types: Based on Time dimensions Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

10. Linear VS Non-Linear Multimedia • A Multimedia Project is identified as Linear when: • It is not interactive • Linear multimedia does not feature any sort of navigational abilities • User have no control over the content that is being showed to them. • Example: • A movie • A non-interactive lecture Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

11. Linear VS Non-Linear Multimedia • A Multimedia Project is identified as Non-Linear when: • It is interactive • Users have control over the content that is being showed to them. • Users are given navigational control • Example: • Games • Courseware(Present information and guide the student, Provide student practice) • Interactive CD (mostly developed and marketed by Dutch company Philips, to combine audio, text and graphics.) Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

12. Hypertext vs Hypermedia • In contrast to traditional document, Hypertext and hypermedia have as their major property , a non-linear information link .   • Hypertext is a text, which contains links to other pure texts or some times images, but not continuous medias such as audio, video etc . • It is usually non-linear i.e. traversals through pages of hypertext is usually non-linear (as shown below) Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

13. Hypertext vs Hypermedia • Hypermedia involves linking vaious media, such us sound, images, animation and/or video. • hypertext systems + additional media • illustrations, photographs, video and sound • Hypermedia is the application of hypertext principles to a wider variety of media, including audio, animations, video, and images. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

14. Hypertext vs Hypermedia • Examples of Hypermedia Applications: • PowerPoint • The World Wide Web (WWW) is the best example of hyper­media applications. • Adobe Acrobat • Macromedia Director Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

15. Multimedia and World Wide Web • The World Wide Web (WWW), is an information system where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs, such as https://example.com/), which may be interlinked by hyperlinks, and are accessible over the Internet. • Multimedia on the World Wide Web refers to not only the text-based transfers, but in addition involves audio, and video. When a client makes a request to the server using the conventional HTTP, the server responds by sending the requested document and terminates the established logical connection between the client and the server. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

16. Multimedia System • Multimedia System is a system capable of processing multimedia data and applications. • Multimedia System is characterized by the processing, storage, generation, manipulation and execution of Multimedia information. • Multimedia conferencing refers to a system that simulates face-to-face interactions among participating users located far from each other. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

17. Characteristics of a Multimedia System • A multimedia system has the following basic characteristics: • Computer Controlled • Integrated • Digitally Represented • Interactivity Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

18. Components of a Multimedia System • Video Camera • Video Recorder • Audio Microphone • Keyboards • Mice • Graphics tablets • 3D input devices • Tactile sensors • VR devices • Digitizing/Sampling Hardware • Capture Devices Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

19. Components of a Multimedia System • Storage Devices • Communication Networks • Hard disk drive • Zip drive • Compact Disc • Digital Versatile Disc • Bluray Disc • Ethernet • Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) • Asynchronous Transfer Mode • Token Ring • Intranets • Internets Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

20. Components of a Multimedia System • Desktop computer • Processor • RAM • Display card • Sound card • Capture card • Computer system • Display Devices • High resolution monitor • High quality speakers • Color printer • Projector Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

21. Desirable Features for a Multimedia System To effectively and efficiently endure the multimedia system, the following features should be fulfilled: • Very high processing speed processing power:- • Since multimedia systems deals with large data and to process data in real time, the hardware should have high processing capacity. • It should support different file formats:- • Because multimedia deal with different data /media types • Efficient and High Input-output: - • This helps to allow for real-time recording as well as playback of data. e.g. Direct to Disk recording systems. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

22. Desirable Features for a Multimedia System • Special Operating System:- • To allow access to file system and process data efficiently and quickly: support direct transfers to disk, real-time scheduling, fast interrupt processing, I/O streaming, etc. • Storage and Memory: -large storage/memory are required. • Network Support: - • For a distributed multimedia systems, there should be a network supports • Software Tools: - • User-friendly tools needed to handle media, design and develop applications, deliver medias Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

23. Challenges of Multimedia System • Synchronization issue: in MM application, variety of media are used at the same instance. In addition, there should be some relationship between the media. E.g between Movie (video) and sound. There arises the issue of synchronization. • Data conversion: in MM application, data is represented digitally. Because of this, we have to convert analog data into digital data. • Compression and decompression: Why? Because multimedia deals with large amount of data (e.g. Movie, sound, etc) which takes a lot of storage space. • Render different data at same time — continuous data. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

24. Multimedia Application • Multimedia Application is an application which uses a collection of multiple media sources e.g. text, graphics, images, sound/audio, animation and/or video. • Multimedia finds its application in various areas with the help of Web technologies • Education • Business • Digital and virtual libraries • Entertainment • Advertisements • Scientific research • Engineering • Art, Medicine, Mathematics, etc. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

25. Advantage and disadvantage of multimedia • Advantages • Creativity • Variety • Cost-effective • Evaluation • Realistic Approach • Wide Variety of Support • Trendy • Disadvantages • Accessibility • Distracting • Costly • Time Consuming • Requires Mastery • Limited Support/Compatibility • Fragile Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)

26. Prepared BY: Abebe SH. (MSc.)